Horiuchi M, Kimura M, Tokumura M, Hasebe N, Arai T, Abe K. Absence of convulsive liability of doripenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic, in comparison with beta-lactam antibiotics.
Toxicology 2006;
222:114-24. [PMID:
16549226 DOI:
10.1016/j.tox.2006.02.004]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2005] [Revised: 01/30/2006] [Accepted: 02/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
beta-Lactam antibiotics have been suggested to have some degree of convulsive activity and neurotoxicity in experimental animals as well as in clinical situations. We examined the convulsive activities of a new carbapenem antibiotic, (+)-(4R,5S,6S)-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-4-methyl-7-oxo-3-[[(3S,5S)-5-[(sulfamoylamino)methyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl]thio]-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxic acid monohydrate (doripenem) using several animals and compared them with beta-lactam antibiotics. In intravenous (IV) injection studies, imipenem/cilastatin, at 400/400mg/kg produced seizure discharges on electroencephalogram (EEG) accompanied with clonic convulsions in rats. Meropenem showed only wet dog shaking behavior at 200 and 400mg/kg. Doripenem caused no changes in the EEG and behavior in rats at 400mg/kg. Imipenem/cilastatin IV potentiated the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsions in mice at 250/250 mg/kg, while meropenem, panipenem/betamipron, cefazolin or doripenem did not cause any marked effects at up to 500 mg/kg. In mouse intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection studies, imipenem, panipenem and cefazolin induced clonic convulsions in a dose-dependent manner in mice. Doripenem and meropenem did not induce convulsions at up to 100 microg/mouse. In dog ICV injection studies, imipenem produced generalized seizure discharge with clonic convulsions at 100 microg/dog. Meropenem also produced spikes or seizure discharges at 100, 300 and 1,000 microg/dog. However, doripenem had no effects on the EEG and behavior in dogs at any doses. In in vitro binding studies, imipenem, panipenem, cefazolin and meropenem inhibited [(3)H]muscimol binding to the GABA(A) receptor in mouse brain homogenates while doripenem did not cause any inhibition at up to 10mM. In addition, doripenem had no influence on the anti-convulsant actions of valproic acid in the PTZ- or bicuculine-induced convulsive model. These results clearly indicate that doripenem has no convulsive activity, suggesting that its neurotoxicity may be negligible in clinical use.
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