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Wan C, Pang JY, Jiang W, Zhang XW, Hu XG. Copper-Catalyzed Reductive Ring-Cleavage of Isoxazoles: Synthesis of Fluoroalkylated Enaminones and Application for the Preparation of Celecoxib, Deracoxib, and Mavacoxib. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4557-4566. [PMID: 33586981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have identified a new reactivity of copper/diamine catalysis for the reductive ring-cleavage of isoxazoles to yield fluoroalkylated enaminones. This protocol has the advantage of using commercially available reagents, ease of setting up, broad tolerance of functionality, and is regiospecific and free of defluorination and reduction of reducible functional groups. The utility was demonstrated by a one-step, regioselective synthesis of fluoroalkylated pyrazole-based drugs such as celecoxib, deracoxib, and mavacoxib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wan
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, PR China
| | - Jian-Yu Pang
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, PR China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Xiang-Guo Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, PR China
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Tasch BOA, Bensch L, Antovic D, Müller TJJ. Masuda borylation–Suzuki coupling (MBSC) sequence of vinylhalides and its application in a one-pot synthesis of 3,4-biarylpyrazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6113-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41249k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ranatunge RR, Earl RA, Garvey DS, Janero DR, Letts LG, Martino AM, Murty MG, Richardson SK, Schwalb DJ, Young DV, Zemtseva IS. 3-(2-Methoxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrazoles: a novel class of potent, selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:6049-52. [PMID: 15546727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2004] [Revised: 09/22/2004] [Accepted: 09/24/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-(2-methoxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrazoles (4-10) was synthesized. The compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity in human whole blood (HWB). The compound, 5-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)-3-(2-methoxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-1-p-tolyl-1H-pyrazole 5 showed potent and selective COX-2 inhibition (IC50 for COX-1: >100 microM and COX-2: 1.2 microM).
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Ochi T, Ohkubo Y, Mutoh S. Effect of systemic FR140423, a new analgesic compound, in a rat model of postoperative pain: contribution of delta-opioid receptors. Neurosci Lett 2003; 350:29-32. [PMID: 12962910 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00835-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the anti-hyperalgesic effect of FR140423, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl-5-[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]pyrazole, in a rat model of postoperative pain. Oral administration of FR140423 at doses between 1 and 100 mg/kg after surgery dose dependently attenuated the punctate mechanical hyperalgesia caused by an incision of the plantar surface of the hind paw with an ED50 value of 59 mg/kg. The anti-hyperalgesic effect of systematically administered FR140423 was blocked by naloxone, a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist. Furthermore, the delta-opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole (0.2 mg/kg) reversed anti-hyperalgesia induced by FR140423. Naloxonazine and nor-binaltorphimine failed to antagonize the anti-hyperalgesic effect of FR140423. The action of FR140423 differs from the naloxonazine-reversible anti-hyperalgesia induced by morphine. The present findings suggest that delta-opioid systems play a role in the rat anti-hyperalgesia produced by FR140423 for postoperative pain characterized by mechanical hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Ochi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Medicinal Biology Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-6, Kashima 2-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 532-8514, Japan.
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Ochi T, Motoyama Y, Goto T. The spinal antinociceptive effect of FR140423 is mediated through kyotorphin receptors. Life Sci 2000; 66:2239-45. [PMID: 10855944 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the antinociceptive effect of a novel anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]pyraz ole (FR140423), in the tail-pinch test in mice, and evaluated the mechanism of action of FR140423 using L-leucyl-L-arginine (Leu-Arg), a kyotorphin (endogenous Met-enkephalin releaser) receptor antagonist, L-NG-nitroarginine methylester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, and methylene blue (MB), an inhibitor of activation of guanylate cyclase. Oral administration of FR140423, at doses of 5-80 mg/kg, produced a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect with an ED50 value of 18 mg/kg. This antinociception was reversed by intrathecal (i.t.) (10 microg/mouse), but not by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) (100 microg/mouse), injection of Leu-Arg. Moreover, the antinociceptive effect of i.t. injection of FR140423 with an ED50 value of 3.7 microg/mouse was completely antagonized by co-administered Leu-Arg 10 microg/mouse. However, L-NAME (2000 mg/kg s.c.) and MB (200 mg/kg s.c.) did not antagonize the antinociception of FR140423. These findings suggest that FR140423 plays a role in nociceptive modulation in the spinal cord, being antinociceptive via the kyotorphin-Met-enkephalin pathway but not via the peripheral NO-cyclic GMP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ochi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Medicinal Biology Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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Ochi T, Goto T. Anti-inflammatory effect of FR140423, a novel selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor, in rat adjuvant arthritis without gastrointestinal side effects. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52:553-60. [PMID: 10864144 DOI: 10.1211/0022357001774192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of FR140423 (3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[4-(methylsulphinyl)phen yl]pyrazole), a novel and selective cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor, in rat adjuvant arthritis. The results were compared with that of indomethacin. We tested the inhibitory effects of FR140423 on paw oedema and the formation of the arachidonic acid metabolites prostaglandin (PG) E2 and leukotriene (LT) B4 in inflamed paws immunized with heat-killed and dried Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Oral administration of FR140423 showed a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect. This effect was two- to threefold more potent than that of indomethacin. The increase of PGE2 and LTB4 in inflamed paws was associated with the development of paw swelling. FR140423 and indomethacin dose-dependently suppressed the level of PGE2 but not LTB4 in arthritic paws. Unlike indomethacin, FR140423 did not induce gastric lesions even at doses up to 10 mgkg(-1) in arthritic rats. FR140423 has a potent anti-inflammatory effect mediated by inhibition of PGE2 produced by COX-2 in inflamed tissues. The safety profile of FR140423 appears to be an improvement on the safety profile of indomethacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ochi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Medicinal Biology Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan
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Ochi T, Fujii T, Motoyama Y, Goto T. Antinociceptive properties of FR140423 mediated through spinal delta-, but not mu- and kappa-, opioid receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 380:73-9. [PMID: 10513565 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00522-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the antinociceptive effect of FR140423, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl] pyrazole, in the tail-pinch test in mice, and evaluated the mechanism of action using various opioid receptor antagonists. P.o. and i.t. injection of FR140423 exerted dose-dependent antinociceptive activities with ED50 values of 21 mg/kg and 3.1 microg/mouse, respectively. However, i.c.v. injection of FR140423 did not show an antinociceptive effect. The antinociceptive effects of FR140423 were completely abolished by naloxone and naltrindole but not by naloxonazine, beta-funaltrexamine and nor-binaltorphimine. FR140423 did not affect any opioid receptor binding in mouse spinal membranes at concentrations up to 100 microM in vitro. Naloxone-induced jumping and diarrhea tests for morphine-like physical dependence of FR140423 gave negative results. These results suggest that FR140423 can induce antinociception by acting on the spinal but not the supraspinal site, and that spinal delta-opioid systems indirectly play a role in the antinociception produced by FR140423 in mice.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Analgesics/pharmacology
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Binding, Competitive/drug effects
- Diarrhea/chemically induced
- Injections, Intraventricular
- Injections, Spinal
- Male
- Membranes/drug effects
- Membranes/metabolism
- Naloxone/analogs & derivatives
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Pain/physiopathology
- Pain/prevention & control
- Pain Measurement
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Rats
- Receptors, Opioid/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology
- Spinal Cord/drug effects
- Spinal Cord/metabolism
- Sulfoxides
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ochi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Medicinal Biology Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical, Osaka, Japan
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Ochi T, Jobo-Magari K, Yonezawa A, Matsumori K, Fujii T. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of a novel pyrazole derivative, FR140423. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 365:259-66. [PMID: 9988110 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00868-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological profile of a novel and newly discovered non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic compound, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]pyraz ole (FR140423), was investigated. In recombinant human cyclooxygenase enzyme assays, the inhibition of prostaglandin E2 formation by FR140423 was 150 times more selective for cyclooxygenase-2 than cyclooxygenase-1. Oral administration of FR140423 dose dependently reduced carrageenin-induced paw edema and adjuvant arthritis. These effects were two- to three-fold more potent than those of indomethacin. Unlike indomethacin, FR140423 did not induce mucosal lesions in the stomach. FR140423 showed dose-dependent anti-hyperalgesic effects in the yeast-induced hyperalgesic model. This effect was five-fold more potent than that of indomethacin. Furthermore, FR140423 increased the pain threshold in non-inflamed paws and, unlike indomethacin, it produced an analgesic effect in the tail-flick test. These analgesic effects were blocked by the mu-opioid antagonist naloxone. These results suggest that FR140423, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) without gastrointestinal side effects and is a unique compound having morphine-like analgesic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ochi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical, Osaka, Japan
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Ochi T, Fujii T, Motoyama Y, Goto T. The Profile of FR140423, a Novel Anti-inflammatory Compound, in Yeast-Induced Rat Hyperalgesia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-5198(19)30814-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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