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Jiang C, Liu F, Yang H, Yang M, Li Z, Han T, Li D, Hua H. Flavonolignans and biflavonoids from Cephalotaxus oliveri exert neuroprotective effect via Nrf2/ARE pathway. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113436. [PMID: 36130673 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants of the Cephalotaxus genus are rich in structurally diverse and naturally bioactive components, while limited studies have been reported for Cephalotaxus oliveri. Two undescribed flavonolignans and four undescribed biflavonoids, as well as thirteen known compounds, were isolated from the twigs and leaves of C. oliveri. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic data analysis, and the absolute configurations were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. All the isolated compounds were assayed for their neuroprotective activity against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury. All six undescribed compounds were effective to some degree, and umcephabiflovin B, apigenin 5-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-6″-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, and apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucoside exhibited good neuroprotective activity. Umcephabiflovin B protected SH-SY5Y cells against H2O2-induced neurotoxicity by repressing oxidative stress and apoptosis and by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant-response element (ARE) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Fangshen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Hangao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Mengyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Zhanlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Tong Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, 5 Xinfeng Road, Daqing, 163319, PR China.
| | - Dahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Huiming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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Song M, Xiao T, Wu QS, Kwok HF, Chan G, Lin LG, Zhang XQ, Ye WC, He SJ, Zhang QW. Biflavonoids from the twigs and leaves of Cephalotaxus oliveri Mast. and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:3085-3094. [PMID: 34694166 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1958328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Three new biflavonoids, umcephabiovins C - E (1 - 3), along with fourteen known compounds were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Cephalotaxus oliveri. Their structures and configurations were elucidated by UV, IR, NMR, ECD, and HR-ESI-MS spectra. Compounds 1 - 3 exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 7.05 ± 2.66, 24.45 ± 4.73, and 1.84 ± 1.14 μM, respectively. Compound 11 showed moderate cytotoxicity against the BaF3/T315I cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P.R. China
| | - Tong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Shuang Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P.R. China
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P.R. China
| | - Ging Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P.R. China
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Jiang He
- Guangzhou Egg Biotechnology, Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P.R. China
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Ma GL, Guo N, Wang XL, Li J, Jin ZX, Han Y, Dong SZ, Xiong J, Hu JF. Cytotoxic secondary metabolites from the vulnerable conifer Cephalotaxus oliveri and its associated endophytic fungus Alternaria alternate Y-4-2. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ahmed A, Li W, Zhang JS, Sam PH, Zou YH, Tang GH, Yin S. A new bisabolane sesquiterpenoid and a new abietane diterpenoid from Cephalotaxus sinensis. Nat Prod Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1343323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Ahmed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Sheng Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pek-Ha Sam
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Hong Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Hua Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Yu S, Yan H, Zhang L, Shan M, Chen P, Ding A, Li SFY. A Review on the Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Pharmacokinetics of Amentoflavone, a Naturally-Occurring Biflavonoid. Molecules 2017; 22:E299. [PMID: 28212342 PMCID: PMC6155574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Amentoflavone (C30H18O10) is a well-known biflavonoid occurring in many natural plants. This polyphenolic compound has been discovered to have some important bioactivities, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, and anti-senescence effects on many important reactions in the cardiovascular and central nervous system, etc. Over 120 plants have been found to contain this bioactive component, such as Selaginellaceae, Cupressaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Podocarpaceae, and Calophyllaceae plant families. This review paper aims to profile amentoflavone on its plant sources, natural derivatives, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics, and to highlight some existing issues and perspectives in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Mingqiu Shan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Peidong Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Anwei Ding
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Sam Fong Yau Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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Yarnell E, Philhower M. Naturopathic Approach. Integr Cancer Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1534735404274348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Margaret Philhower
- 6300 Ninth Ave NE, Ste 362, Seattle, WA 98115, Tel: 206-526-7026, Fax: 206-526-7058
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Komoto N, Nakane T, Matsumoto S, Hashimoto S, Shirota O, Sekita S, Kuroyanagi M. Acyl flavonoids, biflavones, and flavonoids from Cephalotaxus harringtonia var. nana. J Nat Med 2015; 69:479-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-015-0912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ye ZN, Yu MY, Kong LM, Wang WH, Yang YF, Liu JQ, Qiu MH, Li Y. Biflavone Ginkgetin, a Novel Wnt Inhibitor, Suppresses the Growth of Medulloblastoma. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2015; 5:91-97. [PMID: 25821199 PMCID: PMC4402583 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-015-0056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a form of malignant brain tumor that predominantly arises in infants and children, of which approximately 25 % is due to upregulation of canonical Wnt pathway with mainly mutations in CTNNB1. Therefore, Wnt inhibitors could offer rational therapeutic strategies and chemoprevention for this malignant cancer. In our present study, we undertook a screening for antagonists of Wnt signaling from 600 natural compounds, and identified Ginkgetin, a biflavone isolated from Cephalotaxus fortunei var. alpina. Ginkgetin inhibited Wnt pathway with an IC50 value around 5.92 μM and structure-activity relationship analysis suggested the methoxy group in Ginkgetin as a functional group. Biflavone Ginkgetin showed obvious cytotoxicity in Daoy and D283 MB cells. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry showed that Ginkgetin induced efficiently G2/M phase arrest in Daoy cells. Further mechanism studies showed that Ginkgetin reduced the expression of Wnt target genes, including Axin2, cyclinD1 and survivin in MB cells. The phosphorylation level of β-catenin also decreased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Collectively, our data suggest that Ginkgetin is a novel inhibitor of Wnt signaling, and as such warrants further exploration as a promising anti-medulloblastoma candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Nan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Mu-Yuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ling-Mei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Wei-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yuan-Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jie-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan China
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Saelee A, Phongpaichit S, Mahabusarakam W. A new prenylated biflavonoid from the leaves ofGarcinia dulcis. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29:1884-8. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Moirangthem DS, Laishram S, Rana VS, Borah JC, Talukdar NC. Essential oil ofCephalotaxus griffithiineedle inhibits proliferation and migration of human cervical cancer cells: involvement of mitochondria-initiated and death receptor-mediated apoptosis pathways. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:1161-5. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.981540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Moirangthem DS, Laishram S, Borah JC, Kalita MC, Talukdar NC. Cephalotaxus griffithii Hook.f. needle extract induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and suppression of hTERT and hTR expression on human breast cancer cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:305. [PMID: 25135691 PMCID: PMC4155093 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Cephalotaxus spp. are known to possess anticancer potential. In this present work, for the first time the effects of C. griffithii needle (CGN) extracts on human cancer cells were examined. Methods The CGN was successively extracted with petroleum ether (PE), acetone and methanol. The extracts were tested for its effect on proliferation of cancer cells (MTT assay on HeLa, ZR751 and HepG2). Extract that showed the maximum growth inhibitory effect was subjected for mechanism of action study. These included apoptosis (morphological and DNA fragmentation assay), cell cycle (flow cytometry), caspase expression (Western blot) and activity (assay kit), p53 (western blot and TP53 siRNA interference) and telomerase expression (reverse transcriptase PCR) analysis. Results Among the extracts, PE extract induced maximum cytotoxicity, with highest death occurred in ZR751 cells. Since, PE extract induced cell death was highest among the CGN extracts, with maximum cancer cell death occurred in ZR751 cells; we carried out mechanism study of PE extract induced ZR751 cell death. It was observed that PE extract induced ZR751 cell death was associated with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by activating both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Knock down study revealed that p53 is essential for loss of ZR751 cell viability induced by PE extract. Further, PE extract down-regulated hTERT, hTR, and c-Myc expression. Thin layer chromatography analysis indicated the presence of unique phytochemicals in PE extract. Conclusion Based on the observations, we concluded that PE extract of C. griffithii needle contains important phyto-components with multiple cellular targets for control of breast cancer and is worthy of future studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-305) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Moirangthem DS, Talukdar NC, Kasoju N, Bora U. Antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and apoptotic activity of stem bark extracts of Cephalotaxus griffithii Hook. f. Altern Ther Health Med 2012; 12:30. [PMID: 22469333 PMCID: PMC3364904 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Cephalotaxus spp. are known to possess various therapeutic potentials. Cephalotaxus griffithii, however, has not been evaluated for its biological potential. The reason may be the remoteness and inaccessibility of the habitat where it is distributed. The main aim of this study was to: (1) evaluate multiple biological potentials of stem bark of C. griffithii, and (2) identify solvent extract of stem bark of C. griffithii to find the one with the highest specific biological activity. Methods Dried powder of stem bark of C. griffithii was exhaustively extracted serially by soaking in petroleum ether, acetone and methanol to fractionate the chemical constituents into individual fractions or extracts. The extracts were tested for total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant (DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging, and reducing power models), antibacterial (disc diffusion assay on six bacterial strains), cytotoxic (MTT assay on HeLa cells), and apoptotic activity (fluorescence microscopy, DNA fragmentation assay, and flow cytometry on HeLa cells). Results Among the three extracts of stem bark of C. griffithii, the acetone extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics and flavonoids and showed maximum antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic (IC50 of 35.5 ± 0.6 μg/ml; P < 0.05), and apoptotic (46.3 ± 3.6% sub-G0/G1 population; P < 0.05) activity, followed by the methanol and petroleum ether extracts. However, there was no significant difference observed in IC50 values (DPPH scavenging assay) of the acetone and methanol extracts and the positive control (ascorbic acid). In contrast, superoxide radical scavenging assay-based antioxidant activity (IC50) of the acetone and methanol extracts was significantly lower than the positive control (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis suggested that phenolic and flavonoid content present in stem bark of C. griffithii extracts was responsible for the high antioxidant, cytotoxic, and apoptotic activity (P < 0.05). Conclusions Stem bark of C. griffithii has multiple biological effects. These results call for further chemical characterization of acetone extract of stem bark of C. griffithii for specific bioactivity.
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Abdelkafi H, Nay B. Natural products from Cephalotaxus sp.: chemical diversity and synthetic aspects. Nat Prod Rep 2012; 29:845-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c2np20037f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhao L, Rooker SM, Morrell N, Leucht P, Simanovskii D, Helms JA. Controlling the in vivo activity of Wnt liposomes. Methods Enzymol 2009; 465:331-47. [PMID: 19913175 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(09)65017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes offer a method of delivering small molecules, nucleic acids, and proteins to sites within the body. Typically, bioactive materials are encapsulated within the liposomal aqueous core and liposomal phase transition is elicited by pH or temperature changes. We developed a new class of liposomes for the in vivo delivery of lipid-modified proteins. First, we show that the inclusion of a chromophore into the liposomal or vesosomal membrane renders these lipid vesicles extremely sensitive to very small (muJ) changes in energy. Next, we demonstrate that the lipid-modified Wnt protein is not encapsulated within a liposome but rather is tethered to the exoliposomal surface in an active configuration. When applied to intact skin, chromophore-modified liposomes do not penetrate past the corneal layer of the epidermis, but remain localized to the site of application. Injury to the epidermis allows rapid penetration of liposomes into the dermis, which suggests that mild forms of dermabrasion will greatly enhance transdermal delivery of liposome-packaged molecules. Finally, we demonstrate that topical application of Wnt3a liposomes rapidly stimulates proliferation of cells in the corneal layer, resulting in a thicker, more fibrillous epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhao
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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15
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Biochemical pharmacology of biflavonoids: Implications for anti-inflammatory action. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 31:265-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-001-1151-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rahman M, Riaz M, Desai UR. Synthesis of biologically relevant biflavanoids--a review. Chem Biodivers 2008; 4:2495-527. [PMID: 18027351 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200790205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recent investigations show that naturally occurring biflavanoids possess anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, vasorelaxant, and anticlotting activities. These activities have been discovered from the small number of biflavanoid structures that have been investigated, although the natural biflavanoid library is likely to be large. Structurally, biflavanoids are polyphenolic molecules comprised of two identical or non-identical flavanoid units conjoined in a symmetrical or unsymmetrical manner through an alkyl or an alkoxy-based linker of varying length. These possibilities introduce significant structural variation in biflavanoids, which is further amplified by the positions of functional groups--hydroxy, methoxy, keto, or double bond--and stereogenic centers on the flavanoid scaffold. In combination, the class of biflavanoids represents a library of structurally diverse molecules, which remains to be fully exploited. Since the time of their discovery, several chemical approaches utilizing coupling and rearrangement strategies have been developed to synthesize biflavanoids. This review compiles these synthetic approaches into nine different methods including Ullmann coupling of halogenated flavones, biphenyl-based construction of biflavanoids, metal-catalyzed cross-coupling of flavones, Wessely-Moser rearrangements, oxidative coupling of flavones, Ullmann condensation with nucleophiles, nucleophilic substitutions for alkoxy biflavanoids, and dehydrogenation-based or hydrogenation-based synthesis. Newer, more robust synthetic approaches are necessary to realize the full potential of the structurally diverse class of biflavanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Rahman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N. 12th Street, Suite 542, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA
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Takahashi K, Sasaki H, Miki K, Koyama K, Kinoshita K. New Biflavonoids from Cephalotaxus harringtonia var. fastigiata (Cephalotaxaceae). HETEROCYCLES 2008. [DOI: 10.3987/com-07-11275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bae K, Jin W, Thuong PT, Min BS, Na M, Lee YM, Kang SS. A new flavonoid glycoside from the leaf of Cephalotaxus koreana. Fitoterapia 2007; 78:409-13. [PMID: 17616262 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2007.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2006] [Accepted: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new flavone glycoside, apigenin 5-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), along with four known flavonol glycosides (2-5), were isolated from the leaf of Cephalotaxus koreana. The new glycoside 1 showed inhibitory activity in superoxide radical scavenging assay with IC(50) value of 13.0 microM, while it showed weak activity in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Compounds 2-5 exhibited antioxidant activity in scavenging DPPH and superoxide radicals with IC(50) values ranging from 5.7 to 22.3 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihwan Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
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Kuo YH, Hwang SY, Yang Kuo LM, Lee YL, Li SY, Shen YC. A novel cytotoxic C-methylated biflavone, taiwanhomoflavone-B from the twigs of Cephalotaxus wilsoniana. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2002; 50:1607-8. [PMID: 12499600 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.50.1607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel C-methylated biflavone, taiwanhomoflavone-B (1), together with known compounds, 7,4',7"-tri-O-methylamentoflavone, 6-C-methylnaringenin and apigenin-7-O-beta-glucoside were isolated from an ethanolic extract of Cephalotaxus wilsoniana. The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Taiwanhomoflavone-B is cytotoxic with ED(50) values of 3.8 and 3.5 microg/ml, against KB oral epidermoid carcinoma and Hepa-3B hepatoma cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Haur Kuo
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of leaves and twigs of Gnidia socotrana (Balf. f.) Gilg (Thymelaeaceae), a plant occurring endemically on Socotra Island (Yemen), afforded six novel natural products: two compounds consisting of a flavone and a coumarin moiety connected by a C-C linkage, 7,7'-dihydroxy-3,8'-biscoumarin and three substances with the rare spiro-bis-gamma-lactone structure. The structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Franke
- Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie, Abteilung Natur- und Wirkstoffchemie, 3, D-06120 Halle/S., Weinberg, Germany
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Phutdhawong W, Korth J, Buddhasukh D, Pyne SG. Volatile components fromCephalotaxus griffithii growing in northern Thailand. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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