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Tran KN, Kwon JH, Kim MK, Nguyen NPK, Yang IJ. Intranasal delivery of herbal medicine for disease treatment: A systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155484. [PMID: 38442431 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intranasal administration has been adopted in traditional medicine to facilitate access to the bloodstream and central nervous system (CNS). In modern medicine, nasal drug delivery systems are valuable for disease treatment because of their noninvasiveness, good absorption, and fast-acting effects. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically organize preclinical and clinical studies on intranasal herbal medicines to highlight their potential in drug development. METHODS A comprehensive search for literature until February 2023 was conducted on PubMed and the Web of Science. From the selected publications, we extracted key information, including the types of herbal materials, target diseases, intranasal conditions, methods of toxicity evaluation, main outcomes, and mechanisms of action, and performed quality assessments for each study. RESULTS Of the 45 studies, 13 were clinical and 32 were preclinical; 28 studies used herbal extracts, 9 used prescriptions, and 8 used natural compounds. The target diseases were rhinosinusitis, influenza, fever, stroke, migraine, insomnia, depression, memory disorders, and lung cancer. The common intranasal volumes were 8-50 µl in mice, 20-100 µl in rats, and 100-500 µl in rabbits. Peppermint oil, Ribes nigrum folium, Melia azedarach L., Elaeocarpus sylvestris, Radix Bupleuri, Da Chuan Xiong Fang, Xingnaojing microemulsion, and Ginsenoside Rb1 emerged as potential candidates for rapid intranasal therapy. The in vivo toxicity assessments were based on mortality, body weight, behavioral changes, mucociliary activity, histopathology, and blood tests. Most intranasal treatments were safe, except for Cyclamen europaeum, Jasminum sambac, Punica granatum L., and violet oil, which caused mild adverse effects. At lower doses, intranasal herbal treatments often show greater effects than oral administration. The actions of intranasal herbal medicine mainly involve regulating inflammation and neurotransmission, with the olfactory bulb and anterior cingulate cortex to be relevant brain regions. CONCLUSION Intranasal delivery of herbal materials holds promise for enhancing drug delivery efficacy and reducing treatment duration, offering a potential future perspective for developing intranasal therapies for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa Nguyen Tran
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Nhi Phuc Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jun Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao S, Zhang Y, Lin J, Wang A, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Dong H, Tian Y, Zhang Z, Song R. Chemical index components and quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Never change a winning team"? -A case study of volatile oil from Bupleuri radix. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115618. [PMID: 37540997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemical index components, especially those defined as quality control (QC) markers through spectrum-effect relationship approach, are commonly suggested and adopted as indicator for quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs). However, are chemical index components and quality control of TCMs "never change a winning team"? In this study, under the ponderation of the applicability of QC markers strategy, spectrum-effect relationship and OPLS-DA between GC×GC-MS fingerprint and inhibitory effect on the expression of extracellular secretory TNF-α of volatile oil from Bupleuri radix (BVO) was studied with the purpose of discovery of QC markers and establish a bioactive compounds-based QC method. 290 compounds of BVO were identified by GC×GC-MS. Besides, BVO had significant inhibitory effects on the expression of extracellular secretory TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. The potency of different batches of BVOs could be distinguished with this bioassay-based method, which has been validated in terms of intermediate precision, repeatability, linearity, range and credibility tests. The QC markers of BVO were investigated by Spearman's correlation test and OPLS-DA. It is regrettable that there were no ideal QC markers of BVO could be found. In conclusion, quality control method relayed on chemical QC markers is not feasible for TCMs with complex composition but lack of ingredients that dominate in content, just like BVO. Alternatively, a bioassay-based method established in our study is suitable for quality control of BVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Educational, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Educational, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiachun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Educational, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Anhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Educational, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Educational, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Educational, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haijuan Dong
- The Public Laboratory Platform of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Educational, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Educational, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Rui Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Educational, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Badarau IA, Petran EM, Popa DC, Caruntu A, Costache RS, Scheau C, Caruntu C, Costache DO. Kaempferol: Antimicrobial Properties, Sources, Clinical, and Traditional Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315054. [PMID: 36499380 PMCID: PMC9740324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a category of plant-derived compounds which exhibit a large number of health-related effects. One of the most well-known and studied flavonoids is kaempferol, which can be found in a wide variety of herbs and plant families. Apart from their anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects, kaempferol and its associated compounds also exhibit antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities. The development of drugs and treatment schemes based on these compounds is becoming increasingly important in the face of emerging resistance of numerous pathogens as well as complex molecular interactions between various drug therapies. In addition, many of the kaempferol-containing plants are used in traditional systems all over the world for centuries to treat numerous conditions. Due to its variety of sources and associated compounds, some molecular mechanisms of kaempferol antimicrobial activity are well known while others are still under analysis. This paper thoroughly documents the vegetal and food sources of kaempferol as well as the most recent and significant studies regarding its antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
- Orasis Acupuncture Institute, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Madalina Petran
- Department of Biochemistry, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Children’s Hospital, 011743 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Delia Codruta Popa
- Department of Biochemistry, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Titu Maiorescu’ University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Simona Costache
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Clinic, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N.C. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Octavian Costache
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
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Wen MM, Ismail NIK, Nasra MMA, El-Kamel AH. Repurposing ibuprofen-loaded microemulsion for the management of Alzheimer's disease: evidence of potential intranasal brain targeting. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:1188-1203. [PMID: 34121565 PMCID: PMC8205090 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1937383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen could reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The drug-repurposing strategy offers a bright opportunity for these patients. Intranasal administration through the olfactory pathway provides noninvasive and direct drug delivery to the target brain. A novel ibuprofen microemulsion was prepared, characterized and assessed the brain uptake in rats. The solubility of ibuprofen in various oils, surfactants, co-surfactants, and different ratios of surfactant/co-surfactant mixtures was screened and the phase diagrams were constructed. The colloidal particle size was 166.3 ± 2.55 nm and the zeta potential was -22.7 mV. Conductivity and dilution test identified an O/W type microemulsion with pH 4.09 ± 0.08. The rheological study showed a Newtonian flow behavior with cP 10.633 ± 0.603 (mPa⋅s). A steady drug release and linear permeation profiles were observed and showed a 90% permeation rate from the released drug. Ibuprofen microemulsion showed excellent stability in 3-months accelerated storage conditions, heating-cooling and freeze-thaw cycles, accelerated centrifugation, and 6- and 12-months long-term storage conditions. In vivo studies in rats further demonstrated a 4-fold higher brain uptake of ibuprofen from the microemulsion compared to the reference solution and nearly 4-fold and 10-fold higher compared to the intravenous and oral administrations. This study provides an exciting repurposing strategy and new administration route for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ming Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha Ismail Khamis Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maha M. A. Nasra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Salade L, Wauthoz N, Goole J, Amighi K. How to characterize a nasal product. The state of the art of in vitro and ex vivo specific methods. Int J Pharm 2019; 561:47-65. [PMID: 30822505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nasal delivery offers many benefits over other conventional routes of delivery (e.g. oral or intravenous administration). Benefits include, among others, a fast onset of action, non-invasiveness and direct access to the central nervous system. The nasal cavity is not only limited to local application (e.g. rhinosinusitis) but can also provide direct access to other sites in the body (e.g. the central nervous system or systemic circulation). However, both the anatomy and the physiology of the nose impose their own limitations, such as a small volume for delivery or rapid mucociliary clearance. To meet nasal-specific criteria, the formulator has to complete a plethora of tests, in vitro and ex vivo, to assess the efficacy and tolerance of a new drug-delivery system. Moreover, depending on the desired therapeutic effect, the delivery of the drug should target a specific pathway that could potentially be achieved through a modified release of this drug. Therefore, this review focuses on specific techniques that should be performed when a nasal formulation is developed. The review covers both the tests recommended by regulatory agencies (e.g. the Food and Drug Administration) and other complementary experiments frequently performed in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Salade
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie Wauthoz
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Goole
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karim Amighi
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Radix Bupleuri: A Review of Traditional Uses, Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7597596. [PMID: 28593176 PMCID: PMC5448051 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7597596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Radix Bupleuri (Chaihu) has been used as a traditional medicine for more than 2000 years in China, Japan, Korea, and other Asian countries. Phytochemical studies demonstrated that this plant contains essential oils, triterpenoid saponins, polyacetylenes, flavonoids, lignans, fatty acids, and sterols. Crude extracts and pure compounds isolated from Radix Bupleuri exhibited various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antipyretic, antimicrobial, antiviral, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory effects. However, Radix Bupleuri could also lead to hepatotoxicity, particularly in high doses and with long-term use. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that the major bioactive compounds (saikosaponins a, b2, c, and d) were absorbed rapidly in rats after oral administration of the extract of Radix Bupleuri. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmacokinetics of Radix Bupleuri reported to date with an emphasis on its biological properties and mechanisms of action.
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Rapid-Onset Sildenafil Sublingual Drug Delivery Systems: In Vitro Evaluation and In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Studies in Rabbits. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:2774-2781. [PMID: 26987948 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to prepare sublingual delivery systems for sildenafil and evaluate its relative bioavailability after sublingual administration in rabbits to attain a rapid onset of action with good efficacy at lower doses. For sublingual application, sildenafil and its citrate were formulated in 2 different dosage forms: the first was a sublingual spray consisting of sildenafil in 2 microemulsion systems, oleic acid or propylene glycol (PG), and the second was sublingual tablets prepared with various granulated sublingual sprays adsorbed onto a silicate adsorbant (Florite(®) R), binders (Cyclocel(®) or EMDEX(®)), and disintegrants (Ac-Di-Sol(®) or Kollidon(®) CL). Results showed that sublingual absorption of sildenafil spray prepared with PG was fairly rapid. At a 0.5-mg dose, the mean onset of action was 1.3 ± 0.6 min and lasted for about 1.5 h according to the pharmacokinetic studies. In vivo studies also showed that for sublingual tablets formulated with sildenafil in PG adsorbed onto Florite(®) R at a 1:1 weight ratio then mixed with Cycloel(®) and Ac-Di-Sol(®), the onset action was fast at 1.9 ± 0.4 min and lasted for about 1 h at 0.5 mg. These findings suggest the potential for the sublingual delivery of sildenafil instead of the conventional oral administration.
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Shin IS, Lee MY, Kim Y, Seo CS, Kim JH, Shin HK. Subacute toxicity and stability of Soshiho-tang, a traditional herbal formula, in Sprague-Dawley rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2012; 12:266. [PMID: 23268740 PMCID: PMC3553034 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Backgroud Soshiho-tang (SST, Xiao-chai-hu-tang in Chinese and Sho-saiko-to in Japanese), an oriental herbal formula, is used for treatment of chronic liver diseases. Although many researchers have studied the pharmacological properties of SST, information about its safety and toxicity is limited. Therefore, we evaluated the potential safety of SST in Sprague–Dawley rats over a period of 4-weeks. Methods The SST was administered once daily by gavage to male and female rats at doses of 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. We measured the body weight, mortality, food consumption, ophthalmoscopy, urinalysis, hematology, serum biochemistry, gross pathological findings, absolute/relative organ weights and histopathology. In addition, we analyzed the component of SST and measured the stability of its component in SST according to study periods using high performance liquid chromatography. Results The SST treatment did not result in any toxicologically significant changes in mortality, food consumption, ophthalmoscopy, urinalysis, hematology, serum biochemistry, gross pathological findings, absolute/relative organ weights and histopathology, except for salivation and reduction in body weight in the 2000 mg/kg/day male group. These findings in the 2000 mg/kg/day male group are considered toxicologically insignificant because they are not accompanied by other pathological findings, including in hematology, serum biochemistry and histopatholgy, and they do not exhibit a dose–response relationship. SST is detected three components including liquiritin, baicalin, and glycyrrhizin. In addition, there were not observed the significant differences among the contents of three components in SST according to storage periods. Conclusion These results indicate that SST may be a safe material. Based on these results, the no-observed-adverse-effect level was more than 2000 mg/kg for both genders.
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Privalova AM, Gulyaeva NV, Bukreeva TV. Intranasal administration: a prospective drug delivery route to the brain. NEUROCHEM J+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712412020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Klein SD, Becker S, Wolf U. Occurrence of Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) in Prescriptions of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Switzerland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 19:242-6. [DOI: 10.1159/000343506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lu HT, Chen RN, Sheu MT, Chang CC, Chou PY, Ho HO. Rapid-onset sildenafil nasal spray carried by microemulsion systems:in vitroevaluation andin vivopharmacokinetic studies in rabbits. Xenobiotica 2011; 41:567-77. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2011.563877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Zhang LG, Zhang C, Ni LJ, Yang YJ, Wang CM. Rectification extraction of Chinese herbs’ volatile oils and comparison with conventional steam distillation. Sep Purif Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chen E, Chen J, Cao SL, Zhang QZ, Jiang XG. Preparation of nasal temperature-sensitive in situ gel of Radix Bupleuri and evaluation of the febrile response mechanism. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:490-6. [PMID: 19857161 DOI: 10.3109/03639040903264371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study developed a nasal temperature-sensitive in situ gel system for Radix Bupleuri. METHOD Using 20% Poloxamer 407 as the gel base and 6% PEG 4000 adjusting the gelation temperature. RESULTS The system is liquid at 4 degrees C. It can change its phase to gel above 30 degrees C, which is close to the temperature in nasal cavity. The antipyretic effect produced by Radix Bupleuri in situ gel formulation was investigated in fevered rabbits. The results show that it can prolong the effective time to 24 hours compared with 4-6 hours in Radix Bupleuri intranasal solution. The antipyretic response mechanism was researched by evaluating the relationship between body temperature and concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in cerebrospinal fluid. The results showed that the two parameters were positively correlated (r = 0.9435, P < 0.05). Six hours later after given in situ gel, the concentrations of cAMP were significantly lower than those in the solution group. It confirmed that temperature-sensitive Radix Bupleuri in situ gel applied in the nasal sprays had a longer residence and release time. CONCLUSION Radix Bupleuri nasal temperature-sensitive in situ gel has a higher medical effect and a longer effective time. Compared to the traditional nasal spray, it is more applicable for the treatment of fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
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Jain R, Nabar S, Dandekar P, Hassan P, Aswal V, Talmon Y, Shet T, Borde L, Ray K, Patravale V. Formulation and evaluation of novel micellar nanocarrier for nasal delivery of sumatriptan. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:575-87. [PMID: 20528453 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The investigation was aimed at designing a micellar nanocarrier of sumatriptan for nose-to-brain delivery and to identify the probable pathway of drug transport to the brain. MATERIALS & METHODS Micellar nanocarriers were formulated using various safe and acceptable excipients. Optimized formulation was characterized for particle size by multiangle dynamic light scattering, small-angle neutron scattering and cryo-transmission electron microscopy. (99m)Tc was used as a radiolabeling agent to radiolabel sumatriptan for in vivo studies. RESULTS Various characterization studies demonstrated the nanometric, homogenous and spherical nature of the developed micellar nanocarrier. Biodistribution and autoradiography studies in rats showed a significantly higher brain uptake of sumatriptan micellar nanocarrier as compared with sumatriptan solution. CONCLUSION Preliminary investigations in rats indicated the potential of the developed micellar nanocarrier for nose-to-brain delivery of sumatriptan. These investigations in lower animals provided an excellent lead to further evaluate the formulation in higher animals and finally in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnesh Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
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Abstract
Although there are many publications related to technological or methodological developments of CEC, few focus on the analysis of natural products, especially phytochemical bioactive compounds. This review summarized the application of CEC in the analysis of phytochemical bioactive components, including flavonoids, nucleosides, steroids, lignans, quinones and coumarins, as well as fingerprint analysis of herbs. The strategies for optimization of CEC conditions and detection were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-qing Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
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Micellar nanocarriers: potential nose-to-brain delivery of zolmitriptan as novel migraine therapy. Pharm Res 2010; 27:655-64. [PMID: 20151180 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-009-0041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The investigation was aimed at developing micellar nanocarriers for nose-to-brain delivery of zolmitriptan with the objective to investigate the pathway involved in the drug transport. METHODS The micellar nanocarrier was successfully formulated and characterized for particle size and shape by multi-angle dynamic light scattering, small angle neutron scattering and cryo-transmission electron microscopy. Toxicity and biodistribution studies were carried out in rat. The distribution of the nasally administered labeled micellar nanocarrier in various regions of the rat brain was determined using the brain localization and autoradiography studies. RESULTS Micellar nanocarrier of zolmitriptan, with size of around 23 nm, was successfully formulated. The spherical nature of the nanocarrier was confirmed using DLS, SANS and cryo-TEM. Toxicity studies indicated the safety for administration in the nasal cavity. In vivo biodistribution studies indicated the superiority of the developed nanocarrier for brain targeting when compared with the intravenous and nasal solutions of the drug. Brain localization and autoradiography studies illustrated the distribution of the drug in various regions of the brain and revealed a possible nose-to-brain transport pathway for the labeled drug. CONCLUSION The investigation indicated the potential of the developed nanocarrier as an effective new-generation vehicle for brain targeting of zolmitriptan.
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Dearing M, Forbey J, McLister J, Santos L. Ambient Temperature Influences Diet Selection and Physiology of an Herbivorous Mammal, Neotoma albigula. Physiol Biochem Zool 2008; 81:891-7. [DOI: 10.1086/588490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cao SL, Chen E, Zhang QZ, Jiang XG. A novel nasal delivery system of a Chinese traditional medicine, Radix Bupleuri, based on the concept of ion-activated in situ gel. Arch Pharm Res 2007; 30:1014-9. [PMID: 17879756 DOI: 10.1007/bf02993971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a nasal in situ gel system for Radix Bupleuri employing gellan gum as a polymer. Radix Bupleuri in situ gel containing 0.2 mL essential oil extracted from 450 g Radix Bupleuri, proper solubilizing agents and gellan gum (0.5% w/v) was prepared and characterized. The antipyretic effect produced by in situ gel formulation was investigated in fevered rabbits and compared to an intranasal solution. The resulting in situ gel was a clear and light-yellow liquid, with viscosity of 346 mPa x s and caproic acid content of 1.31 +/- 0.01 mg/mL. Intranasal administration of this preparation to fevered rabbits decreased body temperature markedly (1.1 degree C at the doses of oil from 1.5 g Bupleuri/body) and the effect could last for 20-30 h. The results suggest that Radix Bupleuri in situ gel can be greater effective than the solution in the treatment of fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wieser F, Cohen M, Gaeddert A, Yu J, Burks-Wicks C, Berga SL, Taylor RN. Evolution of medical treatment for endometriosis: back to the roots? Hum Reprod Update 2007; 13:487-99. [PMID: 17575287 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmm015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental evidence is accumulating to suggest that medicinal botanicals have anti-inflammatory and pain-alleviating properties and hold promise for treatment of endometriosis. Herein, we present a systematic review of clinical and experimental data on the use of medicinal herbs in the treatment of endometriosis. Although there is a general lack of evidence from clinical studies on the potential efficacy of medicinal herbs for the treatment of endometriosis-associated symptoms, our review highlights the anti-inflammatory and pain-alleviating mechanisms of action of herbal remedies. Medicinal herbs and their active components exhibit cytokine-suppressive, COX-2-inhibiting, antioxidant, sedative and pain-alleviating properties. Each of these mechanisms of action would be predicted to have salutary effects in endometriosis. Better understanding of the mechanisms of action, toxicity and herb-herb and herb-drug interactions permits the optimization of design and execution of complementary alternative medicine trials for endometriosis-associated pain. A potential benefit of herbal therapy is the likelihood of synergistic interactions within individual or combinations of plants. In this sense, phytotherapies may be analogous to nutraceuticals or whole food nutrition. We encourage the development of herbal analogues and establishment of special, simplified registration procedures for certain medicinal products, particularly herbal derivates with a long tradition of safe use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Wieser
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Li P, Li SP, Wang YT. Optimization of CZE for analysis of phytochemical bioactive compounds. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:4808-19. [PMID: 17136720 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Advantages of CZE such as high efficiency, low cost, short analysis time, and easy implementation result in its wide applications for analysis of phytochemical bioactive compounds (e.g. flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic acid, saponins, anthraquinones and coumarins). However, several aspects, including sample preparation, separation, and detection have significant effects on CZE analysis. Therefore, optimization of these procedures is necessary for development of the method. In this review, sample preparation such as extraction method and preconcentration, separation factors including buffer type, concentration and pH, additives, voltage and temperature, as well as detection, e.g. direct and indirect UV detection, LIF and MS were discussed for optimization of CZE analysis on phytochemical bioactive compounds. The optimized strategies were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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