1094 EFFECTS OF AMINO ACID SUPPLEMENTATION ON ELITE H-11 SLIDE LIPID MATABOLISM II

Reduction of plasma lactate elevation and proteinuria by a complex dietary supplement in swimmers during over-loading training

Endurance training aiming at eliciting further increase of physical performance of competitive athletes demands serious time and intensity constraints. In addition, very high intensity training could lead to "over-loading" frequently associated with increased concentration of plasma lactate after maximum intensity exercise and proteinuria. We hypothesized that a newly available complex dietary (CD) supplement by providing the necessary substances and cofactors for increased tissue metabolism would reduce the increase in plasma lactate concentration and proteinuria after maximum intensity exercise in swimmers undergoing high intensity training and exercise (70 km/week, for 6 weeks) period. Subjects involved in the investigation were junior swimmers (n = 10). Data were collected four times during the third macrocycle of training; 1st: before, 2nd: after 10 days and 3rd: 14 days after withdrawal of CD-supplement, whereas 4th: after 10 days of placebo treatment. The study was a double-blinded random controlled investigation. In the first period, plasma lactate concentration was 8.4 +/- 2.1 mmol/l, whereas protein level in the urine was 8.9 +/- 5.8 mg/l. After use of CD-supplement plasma lactate concentration significantly decreased to 5.5 +/- 1.9 mmol/l and proteinuria decreased to 1.3 +/- 2.1 mg/l (p<0.05). Importantly, the intensity and the volume of the training did not change during the observation period. Thus, use of CD-supplement significantly reduced the increase in plasma lactate and proteinuria after maximum intensity exercise in athletes (swimmers) undergoing high endurance training despite maintained training load. We propose that the special components of CD-supplement support the mechanisms responsible for lactate elimination and reduction of protein catabolism and/or increase of protein reabsorption. These adaptations are likely to allow the athletes to undergo higher intensity training resulting in greater performance.

The impact of scalar variable and process on athlete-control comparisons of cardiac dimensions

PURPOSE

This study compared linear left ventricular dimensions and mass (LVM), before and after normalizing for body dimensions via allometric and ratio-standard scaling.

METHODS

Height (HT; m), body mass (BM; kg), body surface area (BSA; m2), and fat-free mass (FFM; kg) were measured in elite male weight lifters (N = 11) and age-matched controls (N = 45). Septum (ST), posterior wall (PWT), and internal dimension in diastole (LVIDd) were measured from M-mode echocardiographic traces and used to calculate LVM. Via multivariate allometric scaling, common group power function exponents were identified for all cardiac dimensions related to all body size scalars. t-tests were used to compare group differences in absolute and scaled data.

RESULTS

BM, FFM, and BSA, as well as absolute LVM (262 +/- 54 vs 206 +/- 39) and ST (11 +/- 1 vs 9 +/- 1), were greater in the athletes (P < 0.05). All exponents conformed to dimensionality theory within 95% confidence limits. Fat-free mass presented the highest multiple R value and the least residual sum of squares of any scalar variable. If FFM was used to scale, no difference in LVM remained (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Data suggest that any group effect on cardiac dimensions is substantially altered by the scaling procedure. The choice of the most appropriate variable and process for partitioning out any effect of body dimensions on cardiac dimensions in similar studies requires attention.