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Peterman JE, Bassett DR, Finch WH, Harber MP, Whaley MH, Fleenor BS, Kaminsky LA. Associations Between Active Commuting and Cardiovascular Disease in the United States. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:1525-1531. [PMID: 34689123 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active commuting is inversely related with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors yet associations with CVD prevalence in the US population are unknown. METHODS Aggregate data from national surveys conducted in 2017 provided state-level percentages of adults who have/had coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke, and who actively commuted to work. Associations between active commuting and CVD prevalence rates were assessed using Pearson correlations and generalized additive models controlling for covariates. RESULTS Significant correlations were observed between active commuting and all CVD rates (r range = -.31 to -.47; P < .05). The generalized additive model analyses for active commuting (walking, cycling, or public transport) in all adults found no relationships with CVD rates; however, a significant curvilinear association was observed for stroke within men. The generalized additive model curves when examining commuting via walking or cycling in all adults demonstrated nuanced, generally negative linear or curvilinear associations between coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. CONCLUSION Significant negative correlations were observed between active commuting and prevalence rates of coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Controlling for covariates influenced these associations and highlights the need for future research to explore the potential of active commuting modes to reduce CVD in the United States.
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Hannan AL, Hing W, Coombes JS, Gough S, Climstein M, Adsett G, Jayasinghe R, Furness J. Effect of personal activity intelligence (PAI) monitoring in the maintenance phase of cardiac rehabilitation: a mixed methods evaluation. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:124. [PMID: 34629086 PMCID: PMC8503999 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personal activity intelligence (PAI) is a single physical activity metric based upon heart rate responses to physical activity. Maintaining 100 PAI/week is associated with a 25% risk reduction in cardiovascular disease mortality and 50 PAI/week provides 60% of the benefits. The effect of utilising this metric within a cardiac population has not been previously investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PAI monitoring on the amount and/or intensity of physical activity for people in the maintenance phase of cardiac rehabilitation and to explore participants' perceptions of this approach. METHODS A concurrent mixed methods approach was undertaken. Participants in the maintenance phase of cardiac rehabilitation monitored PAI for six weeks via a wearable physical activity monitoring device (WPAM). In the first three weeks participants were blinded to their PAI score. A quality-of-life questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) was completed, and semi-structured interviews conducted to investigate attitudes to PAI monitoring. Daily PAI data was collected throughout the 6-week period. RESULTS Twenty participants completed the trial. PAI earned/day was increased after participants could view their data (mean difference: 2.1 PAI/day (95% CI 0.3, 4.0), p = 0.027). The median change in percentage of days participants achieved a Total PAI score of 25 (p = 0.023) and 50 (p = 0.015) were also increased. The mean change in total scores for the EQ-5D-5L and EQVAS were improved after 6 weeks (0.6 ± 1.05; 95% CI (0.11-1.09); p = 0.019); (5.8/100; 95% CI (2.4-9.2); p = 0.002 respectively). Thematic framework analysis identified three global themes (perceptions on the WPAM, PAI and factors affecting exercise). Most participants stated motivation to exercise increased after they could view their PAI data. Many of the participants believed they would continue to use PAI long-term. Others were undecided; the latter primarily due to technical issues and/or preferring devices with greater functionality and attractiveness. All participants would recommend PAI. CONCLUSION This exploratory study showed monitoring PAI via a WPAM increased the amount and/or intensity of physical activity within the cardiac population. Participants found PAI interesting, beneficial, and motivating. If technical issues, aesthetics, and functionality of the WPAM were improved, participants may continue to use the approach long-term. PAI may be a viable strategy to assist people with cardiac disease maintain physical activity adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Hannan
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia. .,Bond Institute of Health and Sport, 2 Promethean Way, Robina, QLD, 4226, Australia.
| | - Wayne Hing
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Water Based Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Jeff S Coombes
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Suzanne Gough
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Mike Climstein
- Clinical Exercise Physiology, School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Bilinga, QLD, Australia.,Physical Activity, Lifestyle, Ageing and Wellbeing Faculty Research Group, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Water Based Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | | | - Rohan Jayasinghe
- Cardiology Department, Gold Coast University Hospital, Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James Furness
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Water Based Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Peterman JE, Loy S, Carlos J, Arena R, Kaminsky LA. Increasing physical activity in the community setting. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 64:27-32. [PMID: 33130191 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for both mental and physical health, yet many individuals do not meet PA recommendations. There are a multitude of approaches to increase levels of PA and the role of the community is one area of growing interest. This review discusses the community environment as well as programs within the community and their influence on PA levels. Despite some research limitations, there are clear factors associated with community-based PA. Strategies that improve the built environment along with community-based programs have shown success, although differences between the characteristics of communities can mean strategies to promote PA are not universally effective. Additional research is needed on effective strategies that can be tailored to the characteristics of the community to increase PA. Further, public health interventions and policies should consider the role of the community when aiming to increase PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Peterman
- Fisher Institute of Health and Well-Being, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Steven Loy
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, United States; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joshua Carlos
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, United States; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ross Arena
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Leonard A Kaminsky
- Fisher Institute of Health and Well-Being, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States.
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