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Zhang L, Zhang H, Ma J, Wang Y, Pei Z, Ding H. Effects of thymoquinone against angiotensin II‑induced cardiac damage in apolipoprotein E‑deficient mice. Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:63. [PMID: 35293590 PMCID: PMC8930094 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines have attracted much attention in recent years and are increasingly being used as alternatives to pharmaceutical medicines. Thymoquinone (TQ) is one of the most active ingredients in Nigella sativa seeds, which has several beneficial properties, including anti‑inflammatory, anti‑oxidative stress, anti‑hypertensive, anti‑apoptotic and free radical‑scavenging effects. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is involved in cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of TQ against Ang II‑induced cardiac damage in apolipoprotein E‑deficient (ApoE‑/‑) mice. Briefly, 8‑week‑old male ApoE‑/‑ mice were randomly divided into four groups: Control, TQ, Ang II and Ang II + TQ groups. Osmotic minipumps, filled with either a saline vehicle or an Ang II solution (1,000 ng/kg/min), were implanted in ApoE‑/‑ mice for up to 4 weeks. The serum levels of high‑sensitivity C‑reactive protein (hs‑CRP) and histopathological alterations in heart tissue were assessed. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of molecules associated with fibrosis (collagen I and III), oxidative stress and apoptosis (Nox4 and p53), and inflammation [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6] were analyzed by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR) and western blotting. In the in vitro study, H9c2 cells were incubated with different concentrations of Ang II, and the expression levels of pro‑inflammatory cytokines were evaluated using RT‑qPCR, whereas the protein expression levels of phosphorylated‑extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (p‑ERK) were determined using western blotting. Western blotting was also performed to detect the expression levels of collagen I, collagen III, Nox4 and p53 in H9c2 cells. The results revealed that TQ inhibited the Ang II‑induced increases in serum hs‑CRP levels. TQ also significantly inhibited the high levels of TNF‑α, IL‑1β, IL‑6, collagen I, collagen III, Nox4 and p53 in Ang II‑treated mice. Furthermore, TQ protected against Ang II‑induced cardiac damage by inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration, proinflammatory cytokine expression, fibrosis, oxidative stress and apoptosis by suppressing activation of the p‑ERK signaling pathway. In conclusion, TQ could be considered a potential therapeutic agent for Ang II‑induced cardiac damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, P.R. China
| | - Hujin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, P.R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, P.R. China
| | - Zuowei Pei
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
- National Centre of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, P.R. China
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Di X, Han W, Zhang R, Liu C, Zheng Y. C-reactive Protein, Free Fatty Acid, and Uric Acid as Predictors of Adverse Events after Endovascular Revascularization of Arterial Femoropopliteal Occlusion Lesions. Ann Vasc Surg 2021; 81:333-342. [PMID: 34775024 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2021.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the relationship between pre-procedure high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), free fatty acid (FFA), and uric acid (UA) levels and post-procedure mortality and morbidity of endovascular revascularization of arterial femoropopliteal occlusion lesions. METHODS This was a retrospective review of clinical data retrieved from a prospectively held database in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. A total of 71 Patients who underwent endovascular treatment (EVT) for femoropopliteal occlusive disease between January 1, 2014 and November 1, 2017, were included in this study. Endpoints were defined as major adverse limb events (MALE; target vessel revascularization, amputation, or disease progression) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; stroke, myocardial infarction, or all-cause death) during the entire follow-up period. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the relationship of elevated biomarker levels (hsCRP, FFA and UA, measured by immunoturbidimetry assay, enzymatic assay and enzymatic assay, respectively) to MALE and MACE outcomes. RESULTS Seventy-one patients (72 limbs) with sufficient follow-up information were included in the analysis. The mean age was 69.7 ± 8.6 years; 21.1% were female. The Rutherford class of target limbs were ≥ 3. The median follow-up was 36 (range 18-59 months). Univariate analyses revealed that patients with elevated hsCRP levels had an increased risk of MALE (hazard ratio [HR], 2.682; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.281-5.617, P = 0.009). High FFA levels were associated with an increased risk of MALE (HR, 2.658; 95% CI, 1.075-6.573; P = 0.034). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that elevated hsCRP values (HR, 4.015; 95% CI, 1.628-10.551; P = 0.003) and FFA value (HR, 3.034; 95% CI, 1.102-8.354; P = 0.032) were both significantly associated with increased MALE. Elevated UA levels predicted MACE in the presence of confounders (HR, 11.446; 95% CI, 1.367-95.801 P = 0.023). CONCLUSION Pre-procedure hsCRP and FFA levels could serve as predictors of adverse events after EVT in patients with arterial femoropopliteal occlusive disease. The role of UA in MACE may warrant further investigation, because the correlation is not as powerful as the other two in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Di
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Statistics, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Changwei Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuehong Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Thymoquinone Protects against Hyperlipidemia-Induced Cardiac Damage in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient (LDL-R -/-) Mice via Its Anti-inflammatory and Antipyroptotic Effects. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4878704. [PMID: 33178827 PMCID: PMC7644313 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4878704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for cardiac damage and cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence has shown that dyslipidemia-related cardiac damage is associated with lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major constituent of Nigella sativa, commonly known as black seed or black cumin, and is globally used in folk (herbal) medicine for treating and preventing a number of diseases and conditions. Several studies have shown that TQ can protect against cardiac damage. This study is aimed at investigating the possible protective effects of TQ on hyperlipidemia-induced cardiac damage in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (LDL-R−/−) mice. Eight-week-old male LDL-R−/− mice were randomly divided into normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD and TQ (HFD+TQ) groups and were fed the different diets for eight weeks. Blood samples were obtained from the inferior vena cava in serum tubes and stored at -80°C until use. Some cardiac tissues were fixed in 10% formalin and then embedded in paraffin for histological evaluation. The remainder of the cardiac tissues was snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen for mRNA preparation or immunoblotting. The levels of metabolism-related factors, such as total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), were decreased in the HFD+TQ group compared with those in the HFD group. Periodic acid-Schiff staining demonstrated that lipid deposition was lower in the HFD+TQ group than in the HFD group. The expression of pyroptosis indicators (NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3), interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-18, and caspase-1), proinflammatory factors (IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)), and macrophage markers (cluster of differentiation (CD) 68) was significantly downregulated in the HFD+TQ group compared with that in the HFD group. Our results indicate that TQ may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia-induced cardiac damage.
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Chen JY, Zhu XL, Liu WH, Xie Y, Zhang HF, Wang X, Ying R, Chen ZT, Wu MX, Qiu Q, Wang JF, Chen YX. C-reactive protein derived from perivascular adipose tissue accelerates injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. J Transl Med 2020; 18:68. [PMID: 32046736 PMCID: PMC7011279 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Inflammation within the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in obesity plays an important role in cardiovascular disorders. C-reactive protein (CRP) level in obesity patients is significantly increased and associated with the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular disease. We tested the hypothesis CRP derived from PVAT in obesity contributes to vascular remodeling after injury. METHODS A high-fat diet (HFD) significantly increased CRP expression in PVAT. We transplanted thoracic aortic PVAT from wild-type (WT) or transgenic CRP-expressing (CRPTG) mice to the injured femoral artery in WT mice. RESULTS At 4 weeks after femoral artery injury, the neointimal/media ratio was increased significantly in WT mice that received PVAT from CRPTG mice compared with that in WT mice that received WT PVAT. Transplanted CRPTG PVAT also significantly accelerated adventitial macrophage infiltration and vasa vasorum proliferation. It was revealed greater macrophage infiltration in CRPTG adipose tissue than in WT adipose tissue and CRP significantly increased the adhesion rate of monocytes through receptor Fcγ RI. Proteome profiling showed CRP over-expression promoted the expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7 (CXCL7) in adipose tissue, transwell assay showed CRP increased monocyte migration indirectly via the induction of CXCL7 expression in adipocytes. CONCLUSION CRP derived from PVAT was significantly increased in HFD mice and promoted neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lin Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoQiao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Ying
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Teng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao-Xiong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang-Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.
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Xu J, Zhu L, Liu H, Li M, Liu Y, Yang F, Pei Z. Thymoquinone reduces cardiac damage caused by hypercholesterolemia in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:173. [PMID: 30049280 PMCID: PMC6062953 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0829-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypercholesterolemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiac damage, which can lead to cardiovascular diseases. Many studies have shown that thymoquinone protected rats from doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and cardiac damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of thymoquinone against cardiac damage in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice. METHODS Eight-week-old male ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group fed a normal diet (ND group), a high cholesterol diet (HD group) or HD mixed with thymoquinone (HD + TQ group). All groups were fed the different diets for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained from the inferior vena cava and collected in serum tubes. The samples were then stored at - 80 °C until used. Coronal sections of heart tissues were fixed in 10% formalin and then embedded in paraffin for histological evaluation. The remainder of the heart tissues was snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen for mRNA or immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS The metabolic characteristics of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were lower in ApoE-/-HD + TQ mice than in ApoE-/- HD mice. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) gene and protein expression was lower in the heart tissue of ApoE-/-HD + TQ mice than in those of ApoE-/-HD mice. Furthermore, the levels of macrophages and pro-inflammatory cytokines were lower in the cardiac tissues of ApoE-/-HD + TQ mice than in those of ApoE-/-HD mice. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that thymoquinone may provide a potential therapeutic target for cardiac damage caused by hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Dalian, China
| | - Liyue Zhu
- Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Hospital, No. 12 Lingyin Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Department of Heart Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No.193 Lianhe Road, Dalian, China
| | - Mengye Li
- Department of Special Medical Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Lianhe Road, Dalian, China
| | - Yingshu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, No. 42 Xuegong Road, Dalian, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Zuowei Pei
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Dalian, 116001, China.
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Zhang Y, Wang N, Zhu L, Liu Y, Pei Z, Wang G, Luo L, Liu H. The Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Teneligliptin Reduces Aortic Damage from Hypercholesterolaemia in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. Biomed Hub 2017; 2:1-9. [PMID: 31988912 PMCID: PMC6945959 DOI: 10.1159/000473869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Hypercholesterolaemia is a well-established risk factor for blood vessel damage, which can lead to cardiovascular diseases. An abundance of clinical data show that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors protect against aortic damage in patients with diabetes. The goal of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of teneligliptin against aortic damage in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice. Methods Eight-week-old male ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: a control group fed a normal diet, a high-cholesterol diet (HD group), and an HD diet mixed with teneligliptin (HD + Tene group), and all the groups were fed with the different treatments for 6 weeks. Results and Conclusion The metabolic characteristics of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were lower in ApoE-/- HD + Tene mice than in ApoE-/- HD mice. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) gene and protein expression were lower in the aortic tissue of ApoE-/- HD + Tene mice than in ApoE-/- HD mice. IL-6 and TNF-α gene expression were lower in ApoE-/- HD + Tene mice than in ApoE-/- HD mice. These results indicate that teneligliptin may provide a potential therapeutic target for the aortic damage from hypercholesterolaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liyue Zhu
- Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingshu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Zuowei Pei
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Guan Wang
- International Medical Department, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Department of Central Intensive Care Unit (ICU), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Department of Heart Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Wada H, Dohi T, Miyauchi K, Doi S, Naito R, Konishi H, Tsuboi S, Ogita M, Kasai T, Okazaki S, Isoda K, Suwa S, Daida H. Independent and Combined Effects of Serum Albumin and C-Reactive Protein on Long-Term Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Circ J 2017; 81:1293-1300. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-17-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Wada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tomotaka Dohi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Katsumi Miyauchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shinichiro Doi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ryo Naito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital
| | | | - Shuta Tsuboi
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital
| | - Manabu Ogita
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital
| | - Takatoshi Kasai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shinya Okazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kikuo Isoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Satoru Suwa
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
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Kaikita K, Tsujita K. Hypoalbuminemia and Inflammation as Prognostic Markers in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Circ J 2017; 81:1268-1269. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-17-0665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kaikita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
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Wada H, Dohi T, Miyauchi K, Shitara J, Endo H, Doi S, Naito R, Konishi H, Tsuboi S, Ogita M, Kasai T, Hassan A, Okazaki S, Isoda K, Shimada K, Suwa S, Daida H. Preprocedural High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Predicts Long-Term Outcome of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Circ J 2016; 81:90-95. [PMID: 27867158 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-16-0790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been used to predict the risk of adverse cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Less is known, however, about the association between hs-CRP and long-term outcome after PCI in the Japanese population.Methods and Results:We studied 3,039 all-comer patients with CAD who underwent their first PCI and had data available for preprocedural hs-CRP at Juntendo University between 2000 and 2011. Patients were assigned to tertiles based on preprocedural hs-CRP concentration. We evaluated the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including all-cause death, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and target vessel revascularization (TVR). Patients with higher hs-CRP had a higher prevalence of current smoking, chronic kidney disease and ACS, and a lower prevalence of statin use. During a median follow-up period of 6.5 years, ongoing divergence in MACE with hs-CRP tertile was noted on Kaplan-Meier curves (hs-CRP <0.08 mg/L, 26.4%; 0.08-0.25 mg/L, 38.2%; >0.25 mg/L, 45.6%; log-rank P<0.001). After adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors, hs-CRP was associated with higher incidence of MACE (hazard ratio [HR], 1.10; 95% CI: 1.04-1.16, P<0.001) and higher all-cause mortality (HR, 1.14; 95% CI: 1.06-1.22, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Preprocedural hs-CRP measurement is clinically useful for long-term risk assessment in Japanese patients with established CAD and undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Wada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
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Barakat AAEK, Nasr FM, Metwaly AA, Morsy S, Eldamarawy M. Atherosclerosis in chronic hepatitis C virus patients with and without liver cirrhosis. Egypt Heart J 2016; 69:139-147. [PMID: 29622968 PMCID: PMC5839344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehj.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and liver cirrhosis may be associated with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). There are two phases to atherosclerosis, Subclinical and Clinical. Assessment of atherosclerosis may be started at its Subclinical phase by the evaluation of Epicardial Fat Thickness (EpFT) and Carotid Intima Thickness (CIMT). Aim of the study The aim of the study was to evaluate Clinical and Subclinical atherosclerosis in chronic HCV patients with and without liver cirrhosis by evaluating CIMT and EpFT and correlating the results with Child-Pugh functional scoring of cirrhosis as well as with ultrasound and laboratory parameters that define the severity of liver disease. Patients and methods This study involved 64 chronic HCV patients that were divided into two groups: 24 patients without liver cirrhosis and 40 patients with liver cirrhosis in addition to 20 apparently healthy volunteers serving as control. All of the 84 subjects were subjected to the following: Clinical evaluation; Routine Laboratory Evaluation (CBC, Liver Function Tests, Renal Function Tests, Serum electrolytes, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HBs antigen and HCV antibody); ECG; Abdominal ultrasound; Echocardiographic evaluation of segmental wall motion abnormalities and EpFT and B-Mode Carotid ultrasonography for evaluation of CIMT. Results In the cirrhotic HCV group, the CIMT and EpFT were both significantly increased [Compared to control group (p = 0.000), compared to the non-cirrhotic HCV group (p = 0.000)]. In the non-cirrhotic HCV group, the CIMT and EpFT were both significantly increased compared to the control group with a p-value of 0.003 for CIMT and 0.048 for EpFT. The CIMT and EpFT were also positively correlated with each other (r = 0.456, p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant increase in the EpFT and CIMT in Child class B patients compared to Child class A (p = 0.007 for CIMT and p = 0.028 for EpFT) and in Child class C patients compared to Child class B patients (p = 0.001 for CIMT and 0.005 for EpFT). CIMT and EpFT were correlated positively with AST (r = 0.385, p = 0.002 for CIMT, and r = 0.379, p = 0.003 for EpFT), Total Bilirubin (r = 0.378, p = 0.003 for CIMT, and r = 0.384, p = 0.002 for EpFT), INR% (r = 0.456, p = 0.001 for CIMT, and r = 0.384, p = 0.001 for EpFT), CRP (r = 0.378, p = 0.003 for CIMT, and r = 0.386, p = 0.002 for EpFT), spleen span (r = 0.417, p = 0.001 for CIMT, and r = 0.437, p = 0.001 for EpFT) and portal Vein Diameter (r = 0.372, p = 0.003 for CIMT, and r = 0.379, p = 0.003 for EpFT). CIMT and EpFT were correlated negatively with Albumin (r = -0.379, p = 0.003 for CIMT, and r = -0.370, p = 0.003 for EpFT), platelets count (r = -0.382, p = 0.002 for CIMT, and r = -0.378, p = 0.003 for EpFT) and Liver Span (r = -0.433, p = 0.001 for CIMT, and r = -0.424, p = 0.001 for EpFT). Conclusion EpFT and CIMT significantly increased in chronic hepatitis C virus patients especially in those with cirrhosis and closely correlated with each other. Their thickness also correlated with the Child-Pugh functional scoring of cirrhosis as well as with ultrasound and laboratory parameters that define the severity of liver disease.The echocardiographic assessment of EpFT and the carotid Doppler assessment of CIMT may provide appropriate and simple screening markers for subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk in chronic HCV patients with and without cirrhosis.
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Key Words
- BMI, body mass index
- CAD, coronary artery disease
- CHD, coronary heart disease
- CIMT, carotid intima media thickness
- Carotid intima media thickness
- Chronic hepatitis C virus
- ESLD, end-stage liver disease
- EpFT, epicardial fat thickness
- Epicardial fat thickness
- FRS, Framingham risk score
- HBs, hepatitis B surface antigen
- HCV, chronic hepatitis C virus
- LT, liver transplantation
- Liver cirrhosis
- TTE, transthoracic echocardiography
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatma Mohammad Nasr
- Intensive Care Department (ICU), Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt
- Corresponding author at: ICU, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, 12-14 El-Nile Street, Warraq El-hadar, Giza 12411, Egypt and 15 Wadi Degla Street, Zahraa Al-Maadi, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Amna Ahmed Metwaly
- Intensive Care Department (ICU), Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherif Morsy
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt
| | - Mervat Eldamarawy
- Intensive Care Department (ICU), Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt
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11
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Zaky A, Bendjelid K. Appraising cardiac dysfunction in liver transplantation: an ongoing challenge. Liver Int 2015; 35:12-29. [PMID: 24797833 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
End-stage liver disease (ESLD) is a multisystemic disease that adversely and mutually aggravates other organs such as the heart. Cardiac dysfunction in ESLD encompasses a spectrum of disease that could be aggravated, precipitated or be occurring hand-in-hand with coexisting aetiological factors precipitating cirrhosis. Additionally and more complexly, liver transplantation, the curative modality of ESLD, is responsible for additional intra- and postoperative short- and long-term cardiac morbidity. The phenotypic distinction of the different forms of cardiac dysfunction in ESLD albeit important prognostically and therapeutically is not allowed by the current societal recommendations, due to conceptual, and methodological limitations in the appraisal of cardiac function and structure in ESLD and in designing studies that are based on this appraisal. This review comprehensively discusses the spectrum of cardiac dysfunction in ESLD, discusses the limitations of the current appraisal of cardiac dysfunction in ESLD, and proposes a hypothetical approach for studying cardiac dysfunction in liver transplant candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Zaky
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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12
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Aspirin possibly reduces cerebrovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients with higher C-reactive protein level: Subanalysis from the JPAD Trial. J Cardiol 2013; 62:165-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Fukuda S, Shimada K, Fujita M, Yoshiyama M, Yoshikawa J, Kohro T, Hayashi D, Yamazaki T, Nagai R. Changes in serum cholesterol levels determine future risk of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Japanese Coronary Artery Disease (JCAD) Study. J Cardiol 2013; 61:387-92. [PMID: 23507271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although increased attention is given to assess absolute values of serum cholesterol profiles as optimal markers for preventing future cardiovascular (CV) events, changes in cholesterol profiles also have the potential to be associated with CV disease outcome in Japanese patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS From the database of the Japanese Coronary Artery Disease (JCAD) study, 2664 patients with ACS who had serial measurements of serum cholesterol profile parameters were enrolled. These patients were followed-up for a mean period of 2.7 years. The endpoint was all CV events. Baseline clinical characteristics of patients with and without CV events were adjusted by the propensity score matching analysis. RESULTS None of the serum absolute cholesterol profiles at baseline and 6 months later was associated with CV events, except for baseline serum total cholesterol level. However, large improvements in cholesterol profiles correlated with better CV disease outcome. CONCLUSIONS This subanalysis of JCAD demonstrated the importance of serial assessment of serum cholesterol profiles for secondary prevention of CV events in Japanese patients with ACS. Changes in serum cholesterol profiles, rather than their absolute values, correlated with future CV events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Fukuda
- Department of Medicine, Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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14
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Chen Y, Wang X, Mai J, Zhao X, Liang Y, Gu M, Chen Z, Nie R, Wang J. C-reactive protein promotes vascular endothelial dysfunction partly via activating adipose tissue inflammation in hyperlipidemic rabbits. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:2397-403. [PMID: 23452887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.01.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction is the basic and original sign of atherogenesis. Some evidences show that C-reactive protein (CRP) and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) play a pivotal role in atherosclerosis. However, the effects of CRP on atherosclerosis and the related mechanisms require elucidation. METHODS The levels of basic total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were respectively measured in rabbits, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation function was also evaluated. Animals were randomly divided into two groups: PVAT(-) and PVAT(+) group (removing or keeping pericarotid adipose tissue (PCAT)). Both of the two groups were exposed to a high-fat diet for six-week, and then sustained CRP treatment was performed for a week, at this time point all the above parameters were remeasured. In addition, mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were respectively evaluated by Polymerase Chain Reaction and immunoblotting in PCAT and cultured adipocytes treated by CRP. RESULTS High-fat diet greatly increased the serum lipids and inflammatory markers, induced endothelial dysfunction and imbalance between NO and ET-1, increased mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1 and enhanced macrophage infiltration of PCAT. CRP treatment could further promote macrophage infiltration of PVAT, induce the imbalance between NO and ET-1, aggravate endothelial dysfunction especially in PVAT(+) arteries, and could also enhance the above-mentioned mRNA and protein expression in PCAT and cultured adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS CRP could significantly promote endothelial dysfunction in high-fat diet rabbits especially in PVAT(+) groups, which may be partly mediated by activating inflammatory reaction of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- YangXin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, 510120, China
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15
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Matsuo Y, Kubo T, Okumoto Y, Ishibashi K, Komukai K, Tanimoto T, Ino Y, Kitabata H, Hirata K, Imanishi T, Akagi H, Akasaka T. Circulating malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein levels are associated with the presence of thin-cap fibroatheromas determined by optical coherence tomography in coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2013; 14:43-50. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jes094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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16
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Raval Z, Harinstein ME, Skaro AI, Erdogan A, DeWolf AM, Shah SJ, Fix OK, Kay N, Abecassis MI, Gheorghiade M, Flaherty JD. Cardiovascular risk assessment of the liver transplant candidate. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58:223-31. [PMID: 21737011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) candidates today are increasingly older, have greater medical acuity, and have more cardiovascular comorbidities than ever before. Steadily rising model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores at the time of transplant, resulting from high organ demand, reflect the escalating risk profiles of LT candidates. In addition to advanced age and the presence of comorbidities, there are specific cardiovascular responses in cirrhosis that can be detrimental to the LT candidate. Patients with cirrhosis requiring LT usually demonstrate increased cardiac output and a compromised ventricular response to stress, a condition termed cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. These cardiac disturbances are likely mediated by decreased beta-agonist transduction, increased circulating inflammatory mediators with cardiodepressant properties, and repolarization changes. Low systemic vascular resistance and bradycardia are also commonly seen in cirrhosis and can be aggravated by beta-blocker use. These physiologic changes all contribute to the potential for cardiovascular complications, particularly with the altered hemodynamic stresses that LT patients face in the immediate post-operative period. Post-transplant reperfusion may result in cardiac death due to a multitude of causes, including arrhythmia, acute heart failure, and myocardial infarction. Recognizing the hemodynamic challenges encountered by LT patients in the perioperative period and how these responses can be exacerbated by underlying cardiac pathology is critical in developing recommendations for the pre-operative risk assessment and management of these patients. The following provides a review of the cardiovascular challenges in LT candidates, as well as evidence-based recommendations for their evaluation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zankhana Raval
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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17
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Usui Y, Takata Y, Inoue Y, Shimada K, Tomiyama H, Nishihata Y, Kato K, Shiina K, Yamashina A. Coexistence of obstructive sleep apnoea and metabolic syndrome is independently associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. Sleep Breath 2011; 16:677-84. [PMID: 21779756 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-011-0557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to investigate the impact of the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and metabolic syndrome (MS) on left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and LV diastolic function. METHODS Echocardiography for evaluation of LV hypertrophy (defined by relative wall thickness (RWT) and LV mass index (LVMI)) and for diastolic function (defined by the early rapid/atrial filling velocity (E/A ratio)) was performed on 660 OSA patients. RESULTS In patients with both MS and severe OSA, LVMI and RWT were significantly higher and the E/A ratios were significantly lower compared to patients with neither MS nor severe OSA. Multivariate analysis after adjustment for other descriptive variables demonstrated that (1) coexistent MS and severe OSA was independently associated with increased LVMI and RWT and (2) severe OSA, MS and coexistence of both disorders were independently associated with a decreased E/A ratio. Significant interaction between MS and severe OSA was not observed with respect to LVMI and RWT, but was observed for the E/A ratio. CONCLUSIONS Coexistent severe OSA and MS can exacerbate LV concentric hypertrophy. However, not only the coexistence of these two disorders, but also either severe OSA or MS can impair LV diastolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Usui
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
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18
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Sinning CR, Sinning JM, Schulz A, Schnabel RB, Lubos E, Wild PS, Papassotiriou J, Bergmann A, Blankenberg S, Munzel T, Bickel C. Association of serum procalcitonin with cardiovascular prognosis in coronary artery disease. Circ J 2011; 75:1184-91. [PMID: 21378450 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-10-0638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Procalcitonin (PCT) is an established biomarker for the diagnosis of sepsis. Evidence is growing that PCT concentration correlates with the extent of atherosclerosis and prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 2,131 patients with CAD were followed up for a median of 3.6 years. During follow-up, death from cardiovascular causes was registered in 95 patients and non-fatal myocardial infarction in 85 patients. Median and quartile 1 and 3 are reported for PCT concentration. Patients who died of cardiovascular causes had higher PCT concentrations [0.021 (0.012/0.036) ng/ml vs. 0.015 (0.010/0.023) ng/ml; P<0.0001]. Patients with acute coronary syndrome had increased concentrations of PCT in relation to patients with stable angina [0.016 (0.011/0.027) ng/ml vs. 0.014 (0.009/0.014) ng/ml; P for trend <0.0001]. PCT concentration across quartiles was associated with the event rate (P=0.026; log-rank test) and mortality (P=0.00018). On Cox regression analysis, elevated PCT concentration was related to cardiovascular mortality [hazard ratio (HR), 1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-1.65, P=0.0070], but not to cardiovascular events (HR, 1.09; 95%CI: 0.93-1.28, P=0.28). After adjustment for C-reactive protein (CRP), PCT did not provide additional prognostic information. CONCLUSIONS PCT is associated with future cardiovascular mortality in patients with CAD, but PCT is not superior to CRP for prediction of outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph R Sinning
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Centre Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Ohtsuka T. Response to oral cyclosporine therapy and high sensitivity-CRP level in chronic idiopathic urticaria. Int J Dermatol 2010; 49:579-84. [PMID: 20534097 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2010.04384.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) is often resistant to common treatment of uriticaria. OBJECTIVE To find out clinical and laboratory findings affecting the response of oral cyclosporine therapy in CIU. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The response of oral cyclosporine therapy in 15 patients with CIU (male:female = 5:10, age 16-60 years old, mean 40.0 years old) was studied. Cyclosporine trough level was measured with an enzyme-multiplied immunoassay, and high sensitivity-CRP was measured with a nephelometric assay. The relation between high sensitivity-CRP level and clinical and laboratory findings in CIU was also studied. RESULTS All the 15 CIU patients responded to oral cyclosporine therapy. High sensitivity-CRP levels before the start of therapy were elevated in nine of 15 CIU patients. The distributions of treatment duration and basophile leukocytes counts in elevated high sensitivity-CRP patients (8.7 +/- 1.3 months, 0.20 +/- 0.05%) were significantly shorter and elevated than those in patients showing no elevation (22.7 +/- 1.7 months, 0.40 +/- 0.05%) (P < 0.05, P < 0.05), respectively. No other clinical and laboratory findings between patients with elevated and not elevated high sensitivity-CRP showed any significant differences. CONCLUSION Chronic idiopathic urticaria patients with elevated high sensitivity-CRP showed good response to oral cyclosporine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Ohtsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan.
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20
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Bilinska M, Kosydar-Piechna M, Gasiorowska A, Mikulski T, Piotrowski W, Nazar K, Piotrowicz R. Influence of Dynamic Training on Hemodynamic, Neurohormonal Responses to Static Exercise and on Inflammatory Markers in Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Circ J 2010; 74:2598-604. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-10-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bilinska
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Institute of Cardiology
| | | | - Anna Gasiorowska
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Tomasz Mikulski
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Walerian Piotrowski
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Institute of Cardiology
| | - Krystyna Nazar
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Ryszard Piotrowicz
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Institute of Cardiology
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21
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Machino-Ohtsuka T, Seo Y, Ishizu T, Sekiguchi Y, Sato A, Tada H, Watanabe S, Aonuma K. Combined Assessment of Carotid Vulnerable Plaque, Renal Insufficiency, Eosinophilia, and hs-CRP for Predicting Risky Aortic Plaque of Cholesterol Crystal Embolism. Circ J 2010; 74:51-8. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-09-0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshihiro Seo
- Cardiovascular Division, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Tomoko Ishizu
- Cardiovascular Division, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Yukio Sekiguchi
- Cardiovascular Division, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Akira Sato
- Cardiovascular Division, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Hiroshi Tada
- Cardiovascular Division, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Shigeyuki Watanabe
- Cardiovascular Division, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Kazutaka Aonuma
- Cardiovascular Division, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba
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22
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Lipidol 2009; 20:512-9. [PMID: 19935200 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0b013e328334096a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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23
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Chen Y, Wang J, Yao Y, Yuan W, Kong M, Lin Y, Geng D, Nie R. CRP regulates the expression and activity of tissue factor as well as tissue factor pathway inhibitor via NF-kappaB and ERK 1/2 MAPK pathway. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:2811-8. [PMID: 19631649 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2009] [Revised: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It was found that C-reactive protein (CRP) could significantly increase the expression and activity of tissue factor (TF), but decrease that of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in dose- and time-dependent manners, which could be antagonized by PDTC and U0126. CRP could also increase protein expression of phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), IkappaB-alpha and ERK1/2 in dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, neutralizing antibody to CD32 (FcgammaR II) could significantly attenuate the expression and activity of TF and TFPI induced by CRP. These results suggest that CRP may promote coagulation by enhancing the expression and activity of TF and reducing that of TFPI by activating NF-kappaB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase via FcgammaR II.
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Affiliation(s)
- YangXin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Aviram M. Hyperlipidaemia and cardiovascular disease: inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic patients. Curr Opin Lipidol 2009; 20:258-9. [PMID: 19433923 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0b013e32832b7167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Shimada K. Immune system and atherosclerotic disease: heterogeneity of leukocyte subsets participating in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Circ J 2009; 73:994-1001. [PMID: 19430164 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-09-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease in which a systemic inflammatory reaction is combined with an accumulation of immune cells, such as monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and numerous lymphocytes, in atherosclerotic plaques. The immune system, comprising innate immunity and adaptive immunity, has been implicated in all stages of atherosclerosis, from initiation through progression and in atherothrombotic complications. It is clear that different subpopulations of leukocytes are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and plaque instability. Recent studies have also demonstrated that each heterogeneity of immune-associated cells contributes to the atherogenic and atheroprotective axis. This review highlights recent advances in research and explores the role of the complex heterogeneity of leukocyte subsets, especially monocytes/macrophages (inflammatory monocytes, resident monocytes, M1, and M2), DCs (myeloid DCs, plasmacytoid DCs, pre DCs, conventional DCs, inflammatory DCs), and CD4(+) cells (T-helper 1, T-helper 2, regulatory T, and T-helper 17 cells), in the initiation and development of atherosclerotic disease and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Shimada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
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26
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C-reactive protein levels and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease in Japanese: the JACC Study. Atherosclerosis 2009; 207:291-7. [PMID: 19482283 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2008] [Revised: 04/12/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTS Limited evidence of association between C-reactive protein levels and cardiovascular disease has been produced for Japanese whose median protein levels are low by western standards. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study as part of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for evaluation of cancer risk (JACC Study). A total of 39,242 subjects 40-79 years of age provided serum samples at baseline between 1988 and 1990. During the 13-year follow-up, there were 525 deaths from total strokes (ICD10: I60-I69), 209 coronary heart diseases (I20-I25) and 939 total cardiovascular diseases (I00-I99). The control subjects were matched for sex, age, area of residence and year of serum storage, and analyses were conducted after further adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were measured with ultra-sensitive latex-enhanced immunoassay. RESULTS Median hs-CRP levels for controls were 0.40 mg/L for men and 0.41 mg/L for women. Hs-CRP levels were positively associated with risks of mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease, and total cardiovascular disease for men. The respective multivariable odds ratios (OR 95% CI) for the highest (>or=0.85 mg/L) vs. lowest (<0.19 mg/L) quartiles of hs-CRP for men were 1.60 (0.90-2.85), 3.68 (1.02-13.3), and 2.31 (1.49-3.59). For women, positive associations with hs-CRP levels were weaker, reaching statistical significance only for total cardiovascular disease: OR=1.69 (1.06-2.68). The positive association with total cardiovascular disease did not vary according to sex, age, smoking status, or body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum hs-CRP levels were associated with higher mortality from cardiovascular disease in Japanese.
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