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Ji J, Weng Q, Zhang F, Xiong F, Jin Y, Hui J, Song J, Gao J, Chen M, Li Q, Shin D, Yang X. Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Feasibility of Intratumoral Radiofrequency Hyperthermia-enhanced Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase Gene Therapy. Radiology 2018; 288:612-620. [PMID: 29893649 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2018172148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To validate the feasibility and efficacy of intratumoral radiofrequency hyperthermia (RFH)-enhanced herpes simplex virus (HSV) thymidine kinase (TK) and ganciclovir (GCV) (hereafter, HSV-TK/GCV) gene therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods This study was performed from November 11, 2015, to April 14, 2017, and included (a) in vitro experiments with human NSCLC cells to establish the proof of principle, (b) in vivo experiments using mice with subcutaneous NSCLC to further demonstrate the principle, and (c) in vivo experiments using rats with orthotopic NSCLC to validate the technical feasibility. Cells, nude mice, and nude rats were randomly divided into four groups (six animals per group): (a) combination therapy (HSV-TK/GCV combined with RFH), (b) RFH, (c) HSV-TK/GCV, and (d) phosphate-buffered saline. Data were analyzed by using the Dunnett t test or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results For in vitro experiments, the cell proliferation assay showed significantly diminished viable cells with combination therapy (mean, 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44, 0.68) versus RFH (mean, 0.89; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.97), HSV-TK/GCV (mean, 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.86), and phosphate-buffered saline (mean, 1; 95% CI: 1, 1) (P < .05 for all). For in vivo experiments, optical imaging showed significantly decreased relative bioluminescence signal with combination therapy (mean, 0.71 [95% CI: 0.03, 1.39] in mice; 1.29 [95% CI: 0.51, 2.06] in rats) compared with RFH (mean, 2.66 [95% CI: 1.73, 3.59] in mice; 2.26 [95% CI: 1.51, 3.01] in rats), HSV-TK/GCV (mean, 1.37 [95% CI: 0.65, 2.08] in mice; 1.76 [95% CI: 1.20, 2.31] in rats), and phosphate-buffered saline (mean, 3.07 [95% CI: 2.50, 3.65] in mice; 2.94 [95% CI: 2.29, 3.58] in rats) (P < .001 for all). US showed that the smallest relative tumor volumes occurred with combination therapy (mean, 0.60; 95% CI: 0.15, 1.05) versus RFH (mean, 2.43; 95% CI: 1.80, 3.06), HSV-TK/GCV (mean, 1.32; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.89), and phosphate-buffered saline (mean, 2.56; 95% CI: 1.75, 3.38) (P < .05 for all) in the mouse subcutaneous model. Conclusion Intratumoral radiofrequency hyperthermia-enhanced herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase and ganciclovir gene therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer is feasible and can be guided by molecular imaging. © RSNA, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansong Ji
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - Qiaoyou Weng
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - Feng Zhang
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - Fu Xiong
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - Yin Jin
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - Junguo Hui
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - Jingjing Song
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - Jun Gao
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - Minjiang Chen
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - Qiang Li
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - David Shin
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Interventions Research and Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, S470, Seattle, WA 98109 (J.J., Q.W., F.Z., F.X., Y.J., J.S., J.G., M.C., Q.L., D.S., X.Y.); Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (J.J., Q.W., J.H., J.S., M.C., Q.L.); and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (Y.J., X.Y.)
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