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Munagala R, Mishra P, Lodh A, Shukla D, Bhatt A, Taskar V, Keshavamurthy J. Mystery in the mediastinum: Rare case of indolent primary thoracic amyloids. Lung India 2021; 38:374-376. [PMID: 34259179 PMCID: PMC8272418 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_916_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A 53-year-old African American male smoker presented with epigastric pain, tarry stools, and laboratory results indicative of acute pancreatitis. Chest X-ray showed a right perihilar mass with pleural effusion. Computed tomography scan showed multiple large right paratracheal and hilar nodes with internal calcification. The patient underwent a fiberoptic bronchoscopy with biopsies which were negative for malignancy. Mediastinoscopy was performed and revealed amyloidosis. Evaluation for multiple myeloma showed elevated kappa and lambda light chains and diffuse polyclonal gammopathy, but there was no monoclonal spike on serum protein electrophoresis. Bone marrow and abdominal fat pad were negative for amyloid, and the patient continues to lack chronic underlying systemic disease with no symptoms on cardiac or pulmonary examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Munagala
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Pranjal Mishra
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Atul Lodh
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dhairya Shukla
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Arjun Bhatt
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Varsha Taskar
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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Singh J. Primary localized amyloidosis causing urethral stricture disease: a mimicker of urothelial carcinoma. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab201. [PMID: 34055291 PMCID: PMC8159262 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of mild lower urinary tract symptoms and microscopic hematuria in a 53-year-old-male with hypertension found to have urethral stricture disease suspicious for urothelial carcinoma. During the investigation, cystoscopy and biopsy demonstrated eosinophilic amyloid proteins consistent with primary localized urethral amyloidosis. No systemic evidence of amyloidosis was demonstrated. Following a trial of conservative management with serial dilatations, the patient elected to proceed with surgical management by anterior urethroplasty using an excision and primary anastomosis technique. The patient has done well with resolution of his symptoms and no further recurrence of urethral amyloid disease at ongoing follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jas Singh
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3P 1Y4, Canada
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Kumar A, Sivasailam B, Marciniak E, Deepak J. EBUS-TBNA diagnosis of localised amyloidosis presenting as mediastinal lymphadenopathy. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 11:11/1/e226619. [PMID: 30567190 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-226619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a unique disease of localised or systemic deposition of the abnormal extracellular fibril. Localised amyloidosis generally takes a benign course, while systemic requires treatment. Adenopathy, especially mediastinal adenopathy, is an unusual manifestation of localised amyloidosis and often requires mediastinoscopy or surgical resection for diagnosis. With the advent of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), there is potential for a less invasive diagnostic approach. We report a rare case of localised mediastinal amyloidosis diagnosed by EBUS-TBNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avnee Kumar
- Department of Medicine, University Of Maryland School Of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Barathi Sivasailam
- Department of Medicine, University Of Maryland School Of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ellen Marciniak
- Department of Medicine, University Of Maryland School Of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Janaki Deepak
- Department of Medicine, University Of Maryland School Of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Suspected Pericardial Tuberculosis Revealed as an Amyloid Pericardial Mass. Case Rep Hematol 2018; 2018:8606430. [PMID: 30416832 PMCID: PMC6207883 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8606430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary systemic amyloidosis is not easily diagnosed. The immunoglobulin deposits are usually localized in the kidney, heart, and liver. We describe an unusual case of a patient suffering from a pericardial amyloidoma with internal calcifications and air bubbles that compressed the right ventricle and shifted the heart to the left. Since the patient was in shock, urgent pericardiotomy was performed. This site showed PET uptake. A monoclonal component was present. On these findings, differential diagnoses included multiple myeloma and atypical pericardial tuberculosis, whereas a periumbilical fat tissue biopsy demonstrated amyloidosis. A previous Salmonella species infection had most likely stimulated the production of amyloid. The patient received bortezomib/dexamethasone treatment and achieved a good response.
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Kim D, Lee YM, Kim SW, Kim JW, Hong JM. Primary Pulmonary Amyloidosis with Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2016; 49:218-20. [PMID: 27298804 PMCID: PMC4900869 DOI: 10.5090/kjtcs.2016.49.3.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of inadvertent hoarseness after surgery for primary pulmonary amyloidosis. A 55-year-old male was transferred to our facility due to a lung mass. Chest computed tomography revealed a solitary pulmonary nodule. Positron emission tomography–computed tomography showed fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the main mass and in the mediastinal lymph nodes. To confirm the pathology of the mass, wedge resection and thorough lymph node dissection were performed via video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). No complications except for hoarseness were observed; hoarseness developed soon after surgery and lasted for 3 months. The main mass was diagnosed as amyloidosis, but this was not found in the lymph nodes. In conclusion, VATS wedge resection for peripheral amyloidosis is a feasible and safe procedure. However, mediastinal lymph node dissection is not recommended unless there is evidence of a clear benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohun Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
| | - Yong-Moon Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
| | - Si-Wook Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
| | - Jong-Won Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
| | - Jong-Myeon Hong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
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Motyckova G, Steensma DP. Why does my patient have lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly? Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2012; 26:395-408, ix. [PMID: 22463834 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lymph node or spleen enlargement may be innocent or the first sign of a serious disorder. Lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly can be found in symptomatic or asymptomatic patients. Lymph node enlargement in a single region or multiple sites can be seen in various diseases, including infections, noninfectious inflammatory conditions, or malignancies; a similar differential diagnosis applies to splenomegaly, but splenomegaly can also be caused by vascular abnormalities and hemolysis. Frequently, lymphadenopathy is detected incidentally during screening examinations or imaging procedures. This review focuses on causes of lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly and an appropriate diagnostic approach to patients with lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly.
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Abstract
Amyloidosis is a disease related to abnormal protein folding and deposition of that abnormal protein between cells of the body in various tissues and organs, resulting in multiple clinical manifestations. We report a case of amyloidosis with atypical features, isolated to the mediastinum, in a 75-year-old male who presented with fatigue and shortness of breath. Amyloidosis that is isolated to the mediastinum without pulmonary parenchymal involvement is exceptionally rare. It has been hypothesized that localized mediastinal amyloidosis manifesting as amyloidomas is a distinct clinical subtype with a better prognosis than classic systemic amyloidosis. This paper describes the radiologic features of localized mediastinal amyloidosis (along with its pathologic correlation) and compares systemic and isolated disease.
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Ha SY, Lee JJ, Park H, Han J, Kim HK, Lee KS. Localized Primary Thymic Amyloidosis Presenting as a Mediastinal Mass - A Case Report -. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.4132/koreanjpathol.2011.45.s1.s41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yun Ha
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Jun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heejung Park
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joungho Han
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Kwan Kim
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Lee
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ridene I, Ayadi A, Hantous-Zannad S, Zidi A, Racil H, Fekih L, Chtourou A, Baccouche I, Ben Miled-M'rad K. [Pseudotumoral mediastinal amyloidosis]. JOURNAL DE RADIOLOGIE 2010; 91:297-300. [PMID: 20508561 DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(10)70042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Amyloidosis involvement of mediastinal nodes is rare. Isolated pseudotumoral involvement without extra-thoracic disease is a diagnostic challenge and typically raises concern for underlying malignancy. We present 3 cases of pseudotumoral mediastinal amyloidosis. METHODS We report the cases of 3 patients presenting with recent onset of respiratory symptoms. Bronchoscopy showed mucosal infiltration suspicious for lymphangitic spread of tumor. The patients underwent chest radiography complemented by CT of the chest and abdomen, and laboratory and immunological work-up. A diagnosis of pseudotumoral mediastinal amyloidosis was confirmed by mediastinoscopic biopsy in all cases. RESULTS CT showed a pulmonary and mediastinal tumor process in 2 cases and pericarinal tumor in 1 case. Diffuse bronchial wall thickening was present in all cases. Review of biopsy material showed tracheobronchial amyloidosis in 1 case. Patient work-up showed no evidence of extra-thoracic amyloidosis. Rapid progression of bronchial obstruction was observed in 1 case. CONCLUSION The imaging features of mediastinal amyloidosis are non-specific. Pseudotumoral involvement of mediastinal nodes associated with pulmonary amyloidosis accelerates the degree of airway obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ridene
- Service d'Imagerie médicale, Hôpital Abderrahmen Mami, Ariana, Tunisie.
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Lim JH, Kim H. Localized amyloidosis presenting with a penile mass: a case report. CASES JOURNAL 2009; 2:160. [PMID: 19946531 PMCID: PMC2783116 DOI: 10.1186/1757-1626-2-160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a disease characterized by the deposition of altered proteins in tissues. Amyloid deposition always occurs in the extracellular matrix and presents a fibrillary conformation. Local deposition of amyloid may occur in individual organs, without systemic involvement. We report here a rare case of localized penile shaft amyloidosis--an unusual location for amyloid deposition--presenting as a penile mass that resulted in a urethral stricture in 37-year old male patient. We have also comprehensively reviewed the literature regarding localized amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Han Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Shinheung-dong, Chung-gu, Incheon 400-711, Republic of Korea.
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