Mediastinal vascular malformation presenting with stroke

CT and MRI Findings of Low-Flow Mediastinal Vascular Malformation: A Case Report

Mediastinal vascular malformations are rare and their diagnosis can be challenging. Imaging is vital for diagnosing mediastinal vascular malformations and can help avoid unnecessary invasive procedures. Herein, we report the detailed CT and MRI findings of a rare low-flow mediastinal vascular malformation in an asymptomatic 63-year-old male.

Long-term results of sclerotherapy for cervical-thoracic-mediastinal lymphatic and venous malformations: A case report

Cervical-thoracic-mediastinal LVMs in infants is rare, and very difficult to be cured because of life-threatening risk and recurrence. An infant with cervical-thoracic-mediastinal LVMs was treated in our department. Left neck was thick at birth, usually depressed, lazy and inactive. He showed dyspnea after about 3 min of automatic activity, with increased wheezing and open-mouth breathing, squatting after walking no more than 6 steps. There were masses and bulges in the left submandibular area and the left neck. The left cervical root and left clavicle were full. LVMs was diagnosed, and treated by sclerotherapy with bleomycin and triamcinolone acetonidein in a phased and step-by-step manner. The thoracic LVMs and mediastinal LVMs were cannulated under general anesthesia B-ultrasound guidance with an indwelling catheter; drugs were administered via the catheter. After several sessions, the submandibular LVMs and cervical LVMs were completely regressed, the thoracic LVMs and mediastinal LVMs were approximately 95 % regressed. Follow-up of 11 years, there was no recurrence; the lungs, thoraxes, and spines were well developed and free to move. Surgical resection of thoracic-mediastinal LVMs has high life-threatening risk, especially in children, and can't remove all of the LVMs. Comparing with surgical resection, sclerotherapy has the advantages of minimally invasive, low risk, conveniently repeated treatment, obvious curative effect. Therefore, cervical-thoracic-mediastinal LVM in infants can be effectively cured by sclerotherapy; the sclerotherapy has no obvious side effect on the development.

Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation and Its Vascular Mimickers

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital vascular disease in which interventional radiologists can play both diagnostic and therapeutic roles in patient management. The diagnosis of pulmonary AVM is simple and can usually be made based on CT images. Endovascular treatment, that is, selective embolization of the pulmonary artery feeding the nidus of the pulmonary AVM, and/or selectively either the nidus or draining vein, has become a first-line treatment with advances in interventional devices. However, some vascular diseases can simulate pulmonary AVMs on CT and pulmonary angiography. This subset can confuse interventional radiologists and referring physicians. Vascular mimickers of pulmonary AVM have not been widely known and described in detail in the literature, although some of these require surgical correction, while others require regular follow-up. This article reviews the clinical and radiologic features of pulmonary AVMs and their mimickers.

Case Report of a Mediastinal Vascular Malformation Mimicking Esophageal Varices on Endoscopy, with Emphasis on Radiological Findings

Patient: Male, 48-year-old

Final Diagnosis: Mediastinal vascular malformation

Symptoms: Cough • fever

Medication:—

Clinical Procedure: —

Specialty: Radiology