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Friedrich RE, Barsukov E, Kohlrusch FK, Zustin J, Hagel C, Speth U, Vollkommer T, Gosau M. Lingual Mandibular Bone Depression. In Vivo 2021; 34:2527-2541. [PMID: 32871782 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM In the area of the jaw angle, osteolytic lesions can occur, the differential diagnosis of which can be difficult and require very different therapeutic measures. One of these lesions is lingual mandibular bone depression (LMBD). The aim of this study was to present the characteristics of the lesion in a group of LMBD patients and to differentiate it from other lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS Radiological images of 21 patients with LMBD were examined. RESULTS The majority of LMBDs were located in the jaw angle. On cross-sectional images, the lesion could be distinguished from salivary tissue (n=2). One case of LMBD had an impact on the course of the fracture line in the mandibular trauma. CONCLUSION LMBD is a developmental disorder of the mandible and only rarely of pathological importance. Imaging the lesion with cross-sectional images is preferable to using plain X-ray projections. In some cases, surgical exploration is essential for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard E Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evgeny Barsukov
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Asklepios Klinikum Nord, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix K Kohlrusch
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Hagel
- Institute of Neuropathology, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Speth
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Vollkommer
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Gosau
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Aps JKM, Koelmeyer N, Yaqub C. Stafne's bone cyst revisited and renamed: the benign mandibular concavity. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2020; 49:20190475. [PMID: 31944858 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20190475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stafne's bone cyst (SBC) is an asymptomatic, round or oval-shaped, well-defined, uniform radiolucent lesion, usually incidentally observed in the posterior aspects of the mandible. Radiographical appearance may be confusing though. This study aimed to review the literature on SBCs and to map the SBC as shown in their respective papers. METHODS A Pubmed® search (1/9/2018 till 31/5/2019), mentioning SBC, was carried out. Included papers had to contain: patient's age, gender and radiographs. RESULTS In total, 114 papers were found, but only 64 papers were retained, which contained 109 cases (95 males, 14 females). The patients' ages ranged between 14 and 89 years old (mean age being 52 years). Male patients' ages (N = 95) ranged from 14 to 89 years (mean age 52.3 years), whereas the females (N = 14) ages ranged between 22 and 68 (mean age 50.2 years). 28 combinations of locations of SBC were recorded. Only three lesions were located at the symphysis, six were bilateral, 55 appeared on the left hand side and 45 on the right hand side of the mandible.The literature mentioned that these cavities could contain salivary gland tissue, muscular tissue, lymphoid tissue, blood vessels, fat tissue or connective tissue. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION This study illustrates the wide variation of SBC locations across the mandible and leads us to conclude that the differential diagnosis of every asymptomatic, oval or round, well-defined, uniform radiolucent lesion on two-dimensional radiographs of the mandible should include "a benign mandibular concavity", formerly known as SBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan K M Aps
- Dental School, Division of Oral Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | | | - Cina Yaqub
- Dental Officer Oral Health Centre Western Australia, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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Hisatomi M, Munhoz L, Asaumi J, Arita ES. Stafne bone defects radiographic features in panoramic radiographs: Assessment of 91 cases. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2019; 24:e12-e19. [PMID: 30573717 PMCID: PMC6344010 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.22592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate 91 cases of Stafne bone defect (SBD) in panoramic radiographs (PR) to determine the prevalence of different SBD variants, considering age, gender, and side. Additionally, to assess the most frequent imaging features of SBD. Material and Methods Participant data were collected from 91 SBD cases with PR imaging. First, SBDs were classified according to their location, as anterior, posterior, or ramus variant. SBD imaging features were classified according to radiographic imaging findings, assessing margins, degree of internal radiolucency, shape, topographic relationship between the defect and mandibular border, location of the defect according to mandibular teeth, and locularity. The topographic relationship between the SBD and the mandibular canal was described for the inferior variant only. Mean sizes were also described. Results A total of 92 SBD cases were evaluated from 91 radiographs. One case presented multiple defects. Mean patient age was 60.80 years. Men were more affected than women. The most frequent SBD variant was the posterior variant, and the least frequent was the ramus variant. The most observed radiographic features were thick sclerotic bone margin in the entire contour of the defect, partially radiolucent internal content, oval shape, continuity with mandible base without discontinuity of mandible border, third molar region location, and unilocular shape. With the posterior variant only, the most common topographic relationship between the defect and the upper wall of the mandibular canal was the defect located below the upper wall and continuous with the inferior wall of the mandibular canal. Conclusions The knowledge of common SBD radiographic imaging features in PR can help dental practitioners with the differential diagnosis of SBD. Key words:Panoramic radiograph, mandible, bone cysts, salivary glands, Stafne bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hisatomi
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 2227 Lineu Prestes Avenue, Zip Code: 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil,
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Liu L, Kang BC, Yoon SJ, Lee JS, Hwang SA. Radiographic features of lingual mandibular bone depression using dental cone beam computed tomography. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2018; 47:20170383. [PMID: 29589968 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20170383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe accurately the radiographic characteristics of lingual mandibular bone depression (LMBD) using CBCT images. METHODS This study included 30 cases of LMBD with CBCT images from 29 patients. Age, sex, location, shape, size, and the relationships of the LMBDs to adjacent anatomical structures such as the mandibular inferior cortex and mandibular canal were recorded. The correlation between age and size was evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS The average age of the patients was 57 years. LMBDs occurred primarily in males (93%), occurrence in the right (n = 14) and left (n = 16) mandibles was approximately equal. The shapes were ovoid, round, peanut, triangular, or rectangular on panoramic radiographs. The occurrences in the molar, distal to the molar, and ramus regions were 63.3, 33.3, and 3.3% respectively. The mean size on CBCT was 15.4 mm in length, 11.2 mm in height, and 6.4 mm in depth. The relationship to the mandibular canal was categorized as separated (48.2%), contacted (31%), or go-through (20.7%). The relationship to the mandibular inferior cortex was classified as separated (20.7%), contacted (27.6%), or resorbed (51.7%). The Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a positive correlation between age and depth (r = 0.38; p = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS The typical features of a LMBD were ovoid, round or mutilobated radiolucent shape, well-defined sclerotic border, and position in the posterior area of the mandible between the mandibular canal and inferior mandibular cortex. The buccolingual depth of LMBD was deeper with increasing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Liu
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology,School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea
| | - Byung Cheol Kang
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology,School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea
| | - Suk Ja Yoon
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology,School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea
| | - Jae Seo Lee
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology,School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea
| | - Sel Ae Hwang
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology,School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea
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Hisatomi M, Munhoz L, Asaumi J, Arita ES. Parotid mandibular bone defect: A case report emphasizing imaging features in plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging. Imaging Sci Dent 2017; 47:269-273. [PMID: 29279827 PMCID: PMC5738510 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2017.47.4.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mandibular bone depression, also known as Stafne bone cavity, is defined as a bone depression filled mainly with salivary gland tissue. Parotid gland bone defects are infrequently observed. We report the case of a 52-year-old male patient who underwent radiographic examinations due to temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and a radiolucent area was detected in the mandibular ramus, with a provisional diagnosis of traumatic bone cyst or parotid mandibular bone defect. The patient was then referred for magnetic resonance imaging, which demonstrated a hyperintense area eroding the mandibular ramus, which corresponded to glandular tissue. Although the defect was a benign lesion, radiolucencies in the mandibular ramus lead to concerns among professionals, because their radiographic features can resemble various intrabony neoplastic lesions, such as giant cell tumors or benign tumors of the parotid gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Hisatomi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Luciana Munhoz
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Junichi Asaumi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Emiko Saito Arita
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Chen CA, Ahn Y, Odell S, Mupparapu M, Graham DM. Developmental salivary gland depression in the ascending mandibular ramus: A cone-beam computed tomography study. Imaging Sci Dent 2016; 46:223-7. [PMID: 27672619 PMCID: PMC5035728 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2016.46.3.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A static, unilateral, and focal bone depression located lingually within the ascending ramus, identical to the Stafne's bone cavity of the angle of the mandible, is being reported. During development of the mandible, submandibular gland inclusion may lead to the formation of a lingual concavity, which could contain fatty tissue, blood vessels, or soft tissue. However, similar occurrences in the ascending ramus at the level of the parotid gland are extremely rare. Similar cases were previously reported in dry, excavated mandibles, and 3 cases were reported in living patients. A 52-year-old African American male patient was seen for pain in the mandibular teeth. Panoramic radiography showed an unusual concavity within the left ascending ramus. Cone-beam computed tomography confirmed this incidental finding. The patient was cleared for the extraction of non-restorable teeth and scheduled for annual follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Chen
- University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yoonhee Ahn
- University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott Odell
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mel Mupparapu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Mattew Graham
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Probst FA, Probst M, Maistreli IZ, Otto S, Troeltzsch M. Imaging characteristics of a Stafne bone cavity--panoramic radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 18:351-3. [PMID: 25096915 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-014-0454-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A rare case of Stafne bone cavity (SBC) with salivary gland herniation confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is described. RESULTS It was diagnosed in a 72-year-old male patient. Surgical intervention was avoided. The report highlights imaging findings of panoramic radiography, computed tomography, and especially magnetic resonance tomography. CONCLUSION It is demonstrated that employment of MRI for further evaluation of suspicion of SBC on panoramic radiographs can be a helpful diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Andreas Probst
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstr. 2a, 80337, Munich, Germany,
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Mourão CFDAB, Miranda ÁMMA, Santos EJDC, Pires FR. Lingual cortical mandibular bone depression: frequency and clinical-radiological features in a Brazilian population. Braz Dent J 2013; 24:157-62. [PMID: 23780355 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201302091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to report the frequency and clinical-radiological features of cases of lingual cortical mandibular bone depressions (LCMBD) diagnosed in consecutive panoramic radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from a Brazilian population. The methods included a retrospective analysis of consecutive panoramic radiographs, charts from the Oral Medicine clinic and consecutive CBCT scans. All cases diagnosed as LCMBD were selected and clinical-radiological data were retrieved from the clinical charts and by the analysis of the image exams. Twenty LCMBD cases diagnosed in 18 patients were found, including 2 from 3,000 consecutive panoramic radiographs (0.07%), 6 from 2,421 Oral Medicine patients (0.25%) and 10 from 1,684 CBCT scans (0.59%). The 18 patients had a mean age of 51.5 years and 13 were males. Two patients presented bilateral lesions. Fourteen images (70%) were classified as well-defined. Eighteen affected the posterior area of the mandible and two affected the anterior mandible. Size of the lesions was larger in younger patients. In conclusion, there seemed to be a considerable radiological heterogeneity when comparing the LCMBD cases and it seemed that the images decreased in size with the increase of patient's age.
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Tarim Ertas E, Yırcalı Atıcı M, Kalabalık F, Ince O. An unusual case of double idiopathic ramus-related Stafne bone cavity. Oral Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11282-012-0121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Etöz M, Etöz OA, Sahman H, Sekerci AE, Polat HB. An unusual case of multilocular Stafne bone cavity. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012; 41:75-8. [PMID: 22184629 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/34731967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Stafne bone defects (SBDs) are asymptomatic lingual bone depressions of the lower jaw that are frequently caused by soft-tissue inclusion. The common variant of SBD exists at the third molar region of the mandible below the inferior dental canal is an and ovoid-shaped homogeneous well-defined radiolucency. In this report, an unusual occurrence of SBD with multilocular appearance is presented. Asymptomatic lingual bone defects may represent various radiographic features. Detailed radiographic evaluation with CT scans should be performed to differentiate SBDs from other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Etöz
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, School of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Li B, Long X, Cheng Y, Wang S. Cone beam CT sialography of Stafne bone cavity. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2011; 40:519-23. [PMID: 22065802 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/84472023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Stafne bone cavity (SBC) was mostly described as a small oval radiolucency in the posterior mandibular region. To the best of our knowledge, the literature does not contain any report of the use of cone beam CT (CBCT) sialography for the diagnosis of this entity. The aim of this paper is to present a large, irregular and expanded atypical SBC, which made diagnosis difficult. A CBCT sialography was performed to get a definite diagnosis of this rare entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Li
- Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Abstract
Lingual mandibular bone defect, also known as Stafne bone cavity, is mostly seen in the posterior portion of the mandible. Inclusions in the anterior portion are very unusual, with around 50 cases reported in the English-language literature. They are often asymptomatic conditions diagnosed during a routine radiographic examination. This article describes a case of anterior Stafne bone cavity in a 52-year-old man mistaken for periapical pathologic defect and referred for treatment. In addition to clinical examination, the patient was imaged using conventional periapical, panoramic radiography, and computed tomography. Confirmation of the salivary gland tissue in the lingual mandibular defect was made with the histopathologic examination after surgical intervention. The differential diagnoses, treatment choices, and pathogenesis of these bone cavities are also discussed after the case presentation along with the literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kıvanc Turkoglu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Aguiar LBV, Neves FS, Bastos LC, Crusoé-Rebello I, Ambrosano GMB, Campos PSF. Multiple stafne bone defects: a rare entity. ISRN DENTISTRY 2011; 2011:792145. [PMID: 21991486 PMCID: PMC3169362 DOI: 10.5402/2011/792145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Stafne bone defects (SBDs) are generally located in the lingual cortex, close to the mandibular angle. We report the occurrence of multiple SBDs in an asymptomatic patient, a 60-year-old man, referred to a radiology clinic to undergo examination for the purpose of implant planning. The case of multiple SBD presented here, probably the first reported in the literature, reinforces the hypothesis that some cases of SBD may be the result of a focal failure during the ossification of the mandible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Barreto Vieira Aguiar
- Department of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, P.O. Box 52, 13414-903 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Stafne's Defect with Buccal Cortical Expansion: A Case Report. Int J Dent 2010; 2010:515931. [PMID: 20454575 PMCID: PMC2864448 DOI: 10.1155/2010/515931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A rare case of Stafne's bone cavity, type III-G, is reported in a 49-year-old male patient who had been referred to a private clinic for a routine evaluation. The final diagnosis was based on computed tomography. Scintigraphy played a fundamental role in determining the most likely etiology.
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Smith MH, Brooks SL, Eldevik OP, Helman JI. Anterior mandibular lingual salivary gland defect: A report of a case diagnosed with cone-beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 103:e71-8. [PMID: 17331754 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2006.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2006] [Revised: 11/22/2006] [Accepted: 11/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Anterior mandibular lingual salivary gland defects are rare. They may be evident on routine radiographic exam. Because the differential diagnosis can be exhaustive, differential interpretation and diagnosis are crucial. A case of large bilateral radiolucent lesions of the anterior mandible that was an anterior mandibular salivary gland defect is reported in a young female. This lesion was initially visualized on a panoramic radiograph. Further evaluation was undertaken with dental cone-beam computed tomography. Confirmation of bilateral anterior mandibular lingual salivary gland defects was made using magnetic resonance imaging, negating the need for surgical biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miller H Smith
- Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0018, USA.
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