Evaluation of Four Different Restorative Materials for Restoration of the Periodontal Condition of Wedge-Shaped Defect: A Comparative Study

Effects of tension on mitochondrial autophagy and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells

This study aimed to explore the osteogenic ability and mitochondrial autophagy of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) under cyclic tensile stress (CTS). Primary PDLSCs were isolated from the periodontal membrane and cultured by passage. Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase detection, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blotting were used to detect the osteogenic differentiation level of PDLSCs. Mitochondrial autophagy in PDLSCs after CTS was measured using a mitochondrial autophagy detection kit, and the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins LC3B, LAMP1 and Beclin1 were measured using cellular immunofluorescence technology, RT-PCR and Western blot. After applying CTS, the osteogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs was significantly improved, and the expression of alkaline phosphatase on the surface of the cell membrane and the formation of calcium nodules in PDLSCs were significantly increased respectively. We also studied the relevant mechanism of action and found that applying CTS can promote the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs and is related to the activation of mitochondrial autophagy. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of increased osteogenic differentiation on the tension side of orthodontic teeth and provides new experimental evidence for the involvement of mitochondrial autophagy in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation.

The Effect of Flowable Composite Resins on Periodontal Health, Cytokine Levels, and Immunoglobulins

Objective

This study investigated the effects of flowable resin composites (FCR) on the restoration of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) and their impact on periodontal tissues.

Materials and Methods

30 periodontally healthy patients were assigned into three groups randomly; group VF: self-adhering FCR, group NF: fluoride-releasing FCR, and group SF: microhybrid FCR. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG), immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM), and interleukins (IL-1, IL-1β, and IL-10) in GCF were analyzed with ELISA tests. Clinical success rates were evaluated using USPHS criteria during the 12-month follow-up.

Results

The GCF volume was increased mostly in group SF (1.34 ± 0.09 μl). While the titer of interleukin was increased in all groups, higher increases were observed in IL-1 and IL-1β in group NF (170.78 pg/ml and 39.35 pg/ml). Increased IL-10 was observed in group VF (14.33 ± 0.85 pg/ml). IgA levels varied partially among all groups (p > 0.05), and even IgM levels were elevated immediately after the restoration process but returned to normal on the 28th day (p < 0.05). Group NF failed in most of the USPHS criteria, while the material group VF and group SF presented acceptable results except in the marginal adaptation criterion (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Clinical efficacy of self-adhering FCR was found the best for restoration of NCCL while fluoride-releasing FCR stimulated the periodontal response and had negative effects on GCF volume, cytokine, and immunoglobulin levels.