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Cannavo A, Liccardo D, Komici K, Corbi G, de Lucia C, Femminella GD, Elia A, Bencivenga L, Ferrara N, Koch WJ, Paolocci N, Rengo G. Sphingosine Kinases and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors: Signaling and Actions in the Cardiovascular System. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:556. [PMID: 28878674 PMCID: PMC5572949 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SphK1 and 2) catalyze the phosphorylation of the lipid, sphingosine, generating the signal transmitter, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). The activation of such kinases and the subsequent S1P generation and secretion in the blood serum of mammals represent a major checkpoint in many cellular signaling cascades. In fact, activating the SphK/S1P system is critical for cell motility and proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, cell growth, survival, and response to stress. In the cardiovascular system, the physiological effects of S1P intervene through the binding and activation of a family of five highly selective G protein-coupled receptors, called S1PR1-5. Importantly, SphK/S1P signal is present on both vascular and myocardial cells. S1P is a well-recognized survival factor in many tissues. Therefore, it is not surprising that the last two decades have seen a flourishing of interest and investigative efforts directed to obtain additional mechanistic insights into the signaling, as well as the biological activity of this phospholipid, and of its receptors, especially in the cardiovascular system. Here, we will provide an up-to-date account on the structure and function of sphingosine kinases, discussing the generation, release, and function of S1P. Keeping the bull's eye on the cardiovascular system, we will review the structure and signaling cascades and biological actions emanating from the stimulation of different S1P receptors. We will end this article with a summary of the most recent, experimental and clinical observations targeting S1PRs and SphKs as possible new therapeutic avenues for cardiovascular disorders, such as heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cannavo
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Daniela Liccardo
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Klara Komici
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of MoliseCampobasso, Italy
| | - Claudio de Lucia
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | | | - Andrea Elia
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bencivenga
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Nicola Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy.,Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
| | - Walter J Koch
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, BaltimoreMD, United States.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy.,Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
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Cannavo A, Liccardo D, Komici K, Corbi G, de Lucia C, Femminella GD, Elia A, Bencivenga L, Ferrara N, Koch WJ, Paolocci N, Rengo G. Sphingosine Kinases and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors: Signaling and Actions in the Cardiovascular System. Front Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28878674 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SphK1 and 2) catalyze the phosphorylation of the lipid, sphingosine, generating the signal transmitter, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). The activation of such kinases and the subsequent S1P generation and secretion in the blood serum of mammals represent a major checkpoint in many cellular signaling cascades. In fact, activating the SphK/S1P system is critical for cell motility and proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, cell growth, survival, and response to stress. In the cardiovascular system, the physiological effects of S1P intervene through the binding and activation of a family of five highly selective G protein-coupled receptors, called S1PR1-5. Importantly, SphK/S1P signal is present on both vascular and myocardial cells. S1P is a well-recognized survival factor in many tissues. Therefore, it is not surprising that the last two decades have seen a flourishing of interest and investigative efforts directed to obtain additional mechanistic insights into the signaling, as well as the biological activity of this phospholipid, and of its receptors, especially in the cardiovascular system. Here, we will provide an up-to-date account on the structure and function of sphingosine kinases, discussing the generation, release, and function of S1P. Keeping the bull's eye on the cardiovascular system, we will review the structure and signaling cascades and biological actions emanating from the stimulation of different S1P receptors. We will end this article with a summary of the most recent, experimental and clinical observations targeting S1PRs and SphKs as possible new therapeutic avenues for cardiovascular disorders, such as heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cannavo
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Daniela Liccardo
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Klara Komici
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of MoliseCampobasso, Italy
| | - Claudio de Lucia
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | | | - Andrea Elia
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bencivenga
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Nicola Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
| | - Walter J Koch
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, BaltimoreMD, United States
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
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Santos-Gallego CG, Vahl TP, Goliasch G, Picatoste B, Arias T, Ishikawa K, Njerve IU, Sanz J, Narula J, Sengupta PP, Hajjar RJ, Fuster V, Badimon JJ. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Agonist Fingolimod Increases Myocardial Salvage and Decreases Adverse Postinfarction Left Ventricular Remodeling in a Porcine Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion. Circulation 2016; 133:954-66. [PMID: 26826180 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.012427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fingolimod, a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist, is used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and exerts antiapoptotic properties. We hypothesized that sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activation with fingolimod during acute myocardial infarction (MI) inhibits apoptosis, leading to increased myocardial salvage, reduced infarct size, and mitigated left ventricular (LV) remodeling in a porcine model of ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS AND RESULTS Ischemia/reperfusion was induced in pigs by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery, followed by reperfusion. Animals randomly received fingolimod or saline (control). In short-term experiments, fingolimod treatment activated the cardioprotective reperfusion injury salvage kinase and survivor activating factor enhancement pathways in the infarct border zone 24 hours after MI, leading to decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reduced myocardial oxidative stress. These effects were abolished by specific inhibitors of both pathways, demonstrating that fingolimod-induced cardioprotection was mediated by reperfusion injury salvage kinase and survivor activating factor enhancement pathways. In long-term experiments, fingolimod significantly improved myocardial salvage, reduced infarct size, and improved systolic LV function measured by cardiac magnetic resonance 1 week and 1 month after MI. Importantly, fingolimod mitigated the development of adverse post-MI LV remodeling 1 month after MI. Specifically, fingolimod treatment led to a significant reduction in LV mass, LV dilatation, and neurohormonal activation, and it preserved LV geometry. Furthermore, fingolimod decreased interstitial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and chronic activation of Akt and extracellular receptor kinase 1/2 in the remote noninfarcted myocardium. CONCLUSIONS Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activation with fingolimod during acute MI reduced infarct size via the reperfusion injury salvage kinase and survivor activating factor enhancement pathways, improved systolic LV function, and mitigated post-MI LV remodeling. Our data strongly support a cardioprotective role for sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activation during MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Santos-Gallego
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.).
| | - Torsten P Vahl
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Georg Goliasch
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Belen Picatoste
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Teresa Arias
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Kiyotake Ishikawa
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Ida U Njerve
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Javier Sanz
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Jagat Narula
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Partho P Sengupta
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Roger J Hajjar
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Valentin Fuster
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
| | - Juan J Badimon
- From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Heart, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, and Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, New York, NY (C.G.S.-G., T.P.V., G.G., B.P., T.A., K.I., I.U.N., J.S., J.N., P.P.S., R.J.H., V.F., J.J.B.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (T.P.V.); Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (G.G.); Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Norway (I.U.N.); and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (T.A., V.F.)
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