Fu L, Bo QL, Gan Y, Chen YH, Zhao H, Tao FB, Xu DX. Association among placental 11β-HSD2, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB p65 in small-for-gestational-age infants: A nested case-control study.
Am J Reprod Immunol 2020;
83:e13231. [PMID:
32187412 DOI:
10.1111/aji.13231]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM
11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11β-HSD2) catalyzes active glucocorticoids into their inactive products, preventing the passage of glucocorticoids into the fetus from maternal circulation. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that regulates the expression of placental 11β-HSD2. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that regulates inflammatory signaling. This study aimed to investigate the association among 11β-HSD2, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB p65 in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants.
METHOD OF STUDY
Forty-six SGA and 46 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants were enrolled in this study. Both newborns and placentas were weighed. Placental 11β-HSD2 levels were measured using Western blotting. Placental PPAR-γ and NF-κB p65 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Placental inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR.
RESULTS
11β-HSD2 levels were lower in SGA placentas than those in AGA placentas. Placental PPAR-γ-positive nuclei were less in SGA than those in AGA. By contrast, placental NF-κB p65-positive nuclei were more in SGA than those in AGA. The levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-1β, several inflammatory cytokines, were higher in SGA placentas. Correlation analysis showed that neonatal weight was positively associated with PPAR-γ and 11β-HSD2 in SGA placentas. By contrast, neonatal weight was inversely correlated with NF-κB p65 in SGA placentas. 11β-HSD2 was positively correlated with PPAR-γ in SGA placentas.
CONCLUSIONS
Inflammation-associated downregulation of placental PPAR-γ and 11β-HSD2 may be involved in SGA.
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