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Production of thermostable xylanase using Streptomyces thermocarboxydus ME742 and application in enzymatic conversion of xylan from oil palm empty fruit bunch to xylooligosaccharides. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Fujimoto Z, Kishine N, Teramoto K, Tsutsui S, Kaneko S. Structure-based substrate specificity analysis of GH11 xylanase from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1943-1952. [PMID: 33564921 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although many xylanases have been studied, many of the characteristics of xylanases toward branches in xylan remain unclear. In this study, the substrate specificity of a GH11 xylanase from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86 (SoXyn11B) was elucidated based on its three-dimensional structure. Subsite mapping suggests that SoXyn11B has seven subsites (four subsites on the - side and three subsites on the + side), and it is one longer than the GH10 xylanase from S. olivaceoviridis (SoXyn10A). SoXyn11B has no affinity for the subsites at either end of the scissile glycosidic bond, and the sugar-binding energy at subsite - 2 was the highest, followed by subsite + 2. These properties were very similar to those of SoXyn10A. In contrast, SoXyn11B produced different branched oligosaccharides from bagasse compared with those of SoXyn10A. These branched oligosaccharides were identified as O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-[O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranose (Ara3Xyl4) and O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-[O-4-O-methyl-α-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(l→2)]-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranose (MeGlcA3Xyl4) by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and confirmed by crystal structure analysis of SoXyn11B in complex with these branched xylooligosaccharides. SoXyn11B has a β-jerryroll fold structure, and the catalytic cleft is located on the inner β-sheet of the fold. The ligand-binding structures revealed seven subsites of SoXyn11B. The 2- and 3-hydroxy groups of xylose at the subsites + 3, + 2, and - 3 face outwards, and an arabinose or a glucuronic acid side chain can be linked to these positions. These subsite structures appear to cause the limited substrate specificity of SoXyn11B for branched xylooligosaccharides. KEY POINTS: • Crystal structure of family 11 β-xylanase from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis was determined. • Topology of substrate-binding cleft of family 11 β-xylanase from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis was characterized. • Mode of action of family 11 β-xylanase from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis for substitutions in xylan was elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zui Fujimoto
- Advanced Analysis Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305-8518, Japan
| | - Naomi Kishine
- Advanced Analysis Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305-8518, Japan
| | - Koji Teramoto
- Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Sosyu Tsutsui
- Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kaneko
- Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan.
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Tsutsui S, Sakuragi K, Igarashi K, Samejima M, Kaneko S. Evaluation of Ammonia Pretreatment for Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse to Recover Xylooligosaccharides. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2020; 67:17-22. [PMID: 34429695 PMCID: PMC8367636 DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2019_0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse is a useful biomass resource. In the present study, we examined the efficacy of ammonia pretreatment for selective release of hemicellulose from bagasse. Pretreatment of bagasse with aqueous ammonia resulted in significant loss of xylan. In contrast, pretreatment of bagasse with anhydrous ammonia resulted in almost no xylan loss. Aqueous ammonia or anhydrous ammonia-pretreated bagasse was then subjected to enzymatic digestion with a xylanase from the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 10 or a xylanase from the GH family 11. The hydrolysis rate of xylan in bagasse pretreated with aqueous ammonia was approximately 50 %. In contrast, in the anhydrous ammonia-treated bagasse, xylan hydrolysis was > 80 %. These results suggested that anhydrous ammonia pretreatment would be an effective method for preparation of sugarcane bagasse for enzymatic hydrolysis to recover xylooligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sosyu Tsutsui
- 1 Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
| | - Kiyoshi Sakuragi
- 2 Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
| | - Kiyohiko Igarashi
- 3 Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masahiro Samejima
- 3 Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo.,4 Department of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University
| | - Satoshi Kaneko
- 1 Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
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Yagi H, Takehara R, Tamaki A, Teramoto K, Tsutsui S, Kaneko S. Functional Characterization of the GH10 and GH11 Xylanases from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86 Provide Insights into the Advantage of GH11 Xylanase in Catalyzing Biomass Degradation. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2019; 66:29-35. [PMID: 34354517 PMCID: PMC8056901 DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2018_0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We functionally characterized the GH10 xylanase (SoXyn10A) and the GH11 xylanase (SoXyn11B) derived from the actinomycete Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86. Each enzyme exhibited differences in the produced reducing power upon degradation of xylan substrates. SoXyn10A produced higher reducing power than SoXyn11B. Gel filtration of the hydrolysates generated by both enzymes revealed that the original substrate was completely decomposed. Enzyme mixtures of SoXyn10A and SoXyn11B produced the same level of reducing power as SoXyn10A alone. These observations were in good agreement with the composition of the hydrolysis products. The hydrolysis products derived from the incubation of soluble birchwood xylan with a mixture of SoXyn10A and SoXyn11B produced the same products as SoXyn10A alone with similar compositions. Furthermore, the addition of SoXyn10A following SoXyn11B-mediated digestion of xylan produced the same products as SoXyn10A alone with similar compositions. Thus, it was hypothesized that SoXyn10A could degrade xylans to a smaller size than SoXyn11B. In contrast to the soluble xylans as the substrate, the produced reducing power generated by both enzymes was not significantly different when pretreated milled bagasses were used as substrates. Quantification of the pentose content in the milled bagasse residues after the enzyme digestions revealed that SoXyn11B hydrolyzed xylans in pretreated milled bagasses much more efficiently than SoXyn10A. These data suggested that the GH10 xylanases can degrade soluble xylans smaller than the GH11 xylanases. However, the GH11 xylanases may be more efficient at catalyzing xylan degradation in natural environments (e.g. biomass) where xylans interact with celluloses and lignins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Yagi
- Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Ryo Takehara
- Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
| | - Aika Tamaki
- Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
| | - Koji Teramoto
- Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
| | - Sosyu Tsutsui
- Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
| | - Satoshi Kaneko
- Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
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Arai T, Biely P, Uhliariková I, Sato N, Makishima S, Mizuno M, Nozaki K, Kaneko S, Amano Y. Structural characterization of hemicellulose released from corn cob in continuous flow type hydrothermal reactor. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 127:222-230. [PMID: 30143337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hydrothermal reaction is known to be one of the most efficient procedures to extract hemicelluloses from lignocellulosic biomass. We investigated the molecular structure of xylooligosaccharides released from corn cob in a continuous flow type hydrothermal reactor designed in our group. The fraction precipitable from the extract with four volumes of ethanol was examined by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF MS before and after enzymatic treatment with different purified enzymes. The released water-soluble hemicellulose was found to correspond to a mixture of wide degree of polymerization range of acetylarabinoglucuronoxylan fragments (further as corn cob xylan abbreviated CX). Analysis of enzymatic hydrolyzates of CX with an acetylxylan esterase, GH3 β-xylosidase, GH10 and GH11 xylanases revealed that the main chain contains unsubstituted regions mixed with regions of xylopyranosyl residues partially acetylated and occasionally substituted by 4-O-methyl-d-glucuronic acid and arabinofuranose esterified with ferulic or coumaric acid. Single 2- and 3-O-acetylation was accompanied by 2,3-di-O-acetylation and 3-O-acetylation of Xylp residues substituted with MeGlcA. Most of the non-esterified arabinofuranose side residues were lost during the hydrodynamic process. Despite reduced branching, the acetylation and ferulic acid modification of pentose residues contribute to high yields and high solubility of the extracted CX. It is also shown that different enzyme treatments of CX may lead to various types of xylooligosaccharides of different biomedical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Arai
- Department of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Peter Biely
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Iveta Uhliariková
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Nobuaki Sato
- Department of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan; B Food Science Co. Ltd., 24-12 Kitahamamachi, Chita 478-0046, Japan
| | - Satoshi Makishima
- Department of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan; B Food Science Co. Ltd., 24-12 Kitahamamachi, Chita 478-0046, Japan
| | - Masahiro Mizuno
- Department of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan; Institute of Engineering, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Kouichi Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan; Institute of Engineering, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kaneko
- Department of Subtropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of the Ryukyus, Nishiara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Amano
- Department of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan; Institute of Engineering, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan.
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Abd El Aty AA, Saleh SA, Eid BM, Ibrahim NA, Mostafa FA. Thermodynamics characterization and potential textile applications of Trichoderma longibrachiatum KT693225 xylanase. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yagi H, Maehara T, Tanaka T, Takehara R, Teramoto K, Yaoi K, Kaneko S. 4- O-Methyl Modifications of Glucuronic Acids in Xylans Are Indispensable for Substrate Discrimination by GH67 α-Glucuronidase from Bacillus halodurans C-125. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2017; 64:115-121. [PMID: 34354504 PMCID: PMC8056927 DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2017_016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A GH67 α-glucuronidase gene derived from Bacillus halodurans C-125 was expressed in E. coli to obtain a recombinant enzyme (BhGlcA67). Using the purified enzyme, the enzymatic properties and substrate specificities of the enzyme were investigated. BhGlcA67 showed maximum activity at pH 5.4 and 45 °C. When BhGlcA67 was incubated with birchwood, oat spelts, and cotton seed xylan, the enzyme did not release any glucuronic acid or 4-O-methyl-glucuronic acid from these substrates. BhGlcA67 acted only on 4-O-methyl-α-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranose (MeGlcA3Xyl3), which has a glucuronic acid side chain with a 4-O-methyl group located at its non-reducing end, but did not on β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-[4-O-methyl-α-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(l→2)]-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylop- yranose (MeGlcA3Xyl4) and α-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(l→2)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranose (GlcA3Xyl3). The environment for recognizing the 4-O-methyl group of glucuronic acid was observed in all the crystal structures of reported GH67 glucuronidases, and the amino acids for discriminating the 4-O-methyl group of glucuronic acid were widely conserved in the primary sequences of the GH67 family, suggesting that the 4-O-methyl group is critical for the activities of the GH67 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Yagi
- 1 Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
| | - Tomoko Maehara
- 2 Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Tsuyoshi Tanaka
- 1 Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus.,3 The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Ryo Takehara
- 1 Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
| | - Koji Teramoto
- 1 Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
| | - Katsuro Yaoi
- 2 Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Satoshi Kaneko
- 1 Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
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Microbial xylanases and their industrial application in pulp and paper biobleaching: a review. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:11. [PMID: 28391477 PMCID: PMC5385172 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylanases are hydrolytic enzymes which cleave the β-1, 4 backbone of the complex plant cell wall polysaccharide xylan. Xylan is the major hemicellulosic constituent found in soft and hard food. It is the next most abundant renewable polysaccharide after cellulose. Xylanases and associated debranching enzymes produced by a variety of microorganisms including bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast and fungi bring hydrolysis of hemicelluloses. Despite thorough knowledge of microbial xylanolytic systems, further studies are required to achieve a complete understanding of the mechanism of xylan degradation by xylanases produced by microorganisms and their promising use in pulp biobleaching. Cellulase-free xylanases are important in pulp biobleaching as alternatives to the use of toxic chlorinated compounds because of the environmental hazards and diseases caused by the release of the adsorbable organic halogens. In this review, we have focused on the studies of structural composition of xylan in plants, their classification, sources of xylanases, extremophilic xylanases, modes of fermentation for the production of xylanases, factors affecting xylanase production, statistical approaches such as Plackett Burman, Response Surface Methodology to enhance xylanase production, purification, characterization, molecular cloning and expression. Besides this, review has focused on the microbial enzyme complex involved in the complete breakdown of xylan and the studies on xylanase regulation and their potential industrial applications with special reference to pulp biobleaching, which is directly related to increasing pulp brightness and reduction in environmental pollution.
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Sanjivkumar M, Silambarasan T, Palavesam A, Immanuel G. Biosynthesis, purification and characterization of β-1,4-xylanase from a novel mangrove associated actinobacterium Streptomyces olivaceus (MSU3) and its applications. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 130:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Classification, mode of action and production strategy of xylanase and its application for biofuel production from water hyacinth. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 82:1041-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Structure and Function of Carbohydrate-Binding Module Families 13 and 42 of Glycoside Hydrolases, Comprising a β-Trefoil Fold. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:1363-71. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Rahman MA, Choi YH, Pradeep GC, Choi YS, Choi EJ, Cho SS, Sohng JK, Yoo JC. An alkaline and metallo-protein type endo xylanase from Streptomyces sp. CSWu-1. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-013-0782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Biochemical characterization of xylanase produced from Streptomyces sp. CS624 using an agro residue substrate. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Recombinant xylanase from Streptomyces coelicolor Ac-738: characterization and the effect on xylan-containing products. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 30:801-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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An ammonium sulfate sensitive endoxylanase produced by Streptomyces. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 36:819-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-0908-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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An Extremely Alkaline Novel Xylanase from a Newly Isolated Streptomyces Strain Cultivated in Corncob Medium. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 168:2017-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mattéotti C, Bauwens J, Brasseur C, Tarayre C, Thonart P, Destain J, Francis F, Haubruge E, De Pauw E, Portetelle D, Vandenbol M. Identification and characterization of a new xylanase from Gram-positive bacteria isolated from termite gut (Reticulitermes santonensis). Protein Expr Purif 2012; 83:117-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhu Y, Li X, Sun B, Song H, Li E, Song H. Properties of an Alkaline-Tolerant, Thermostable Xylanase from Streptomyces chartreusis L1105, Suitable for Xylooligosaccharide Production. J Food Sci 2012; 77:C506-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02671.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Assembly of xylanases into designer cellulosomes promotes efficient hydrolysis of the xylan component of a natural recalcitrant cellulosic substrate. mBio 2011; 2:mBio.00233-11. [PMID: 22086489 PMCID: PMC3221603 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00233-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED In nature, the complex composition and structure of the plant cell wall pose a barrier to enzymatic degradation. Nevertheless, some anaerobic bacteria have evolved for this purpose an intriguing, highly efficient multienzyme complex, the cellulosome, which contains numerous cellulases and hemicellulases. The rod-like cellulose component of the plant cell wall is embedded in a colloidal blend of hemicelluloses, a major component of which is xylan. In order to enhance enzymatic degradation of the xylan component of a natural complex substrate (wheat straw) and to study the synergistic action among different xylanases, we have employed a variation of the designer cellulosome approach by fabricating a tetravalent complex that includes the three endoxylanases of Thermobifida fusca (Xyn10A, Xyn10B, and Xyn11A) and an Xyl43A β-xylosidase from the same bacterium. Here, we describe the conversion of Xyn10A and Xyl43A to the cellulosomal mode. The incorporation of the Xyl43A enzyme together with the three endoxylanases into a common designer cellulosome served to enhance the level of reducing sugars produced during wheat straw degradation. The enhanced synergistic action of the four xylanases reflected their immediate juxtaposition in the complex, and these tetravalent xylanolytic designer cellulosomes succeeded in degrading significant (~25%) levels of the total xylan component of the wheat straw substrate. The results suggest that the incorporation of xylanases into cellulosome complexes is advantageous for efficient decomposition of recalcitrant cellulosic substrates--a distinction previously reserved for cellulose-degrading enzymes. IMPORTANCE Xylanases are important enzymes for our society, due to their variety of industrial applications. Together with cellulases and other glycoside hydrolases, xylanases may also provide cost-effective conversion of plant-derived cellulosic biomass into soluble sugars en route to biofuels as an alternative to fossil fuels. Xylanases are commonly found in multienzyme cellulosome complexes, produced by anaerobic bacteria, which are considered to be among the most efficient systems for degradation of cellulosic biomass. Using a designer cellulosome approach, we have incorporated the entire xylanolytic system of the bacterium Thermobifida fusca into defined artificial cellulosome complexes. The combined action of these designer cellulosomes versus that of the wild-type free xylanase system was then compared. Our data demonstrated that xylanolytic designer cellulosomes displayed enhanced synergistic activities on a natural recalcitrant wheat straw substrate and could thus serve in the development of advanced systems for improved degradation of lignocellulosic material.
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Paës G, Berrin JG, Beaugrand J. GH11 xylanases: Structure/function/properties relationships and applications. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 30:564-92. [PMID: 22067746 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
For technical, environmental and economical reasons, industrial demands for process-fitted enzymes have evolved drastically in the last decade. Therefore, continuous efforts are made in order to get insights into enzyme structure/function relationships to create improved biocatalysts. Xylanases are hemicellulolytic enzymes, which are responsible for the degradation of the heteroxylans constituting the lignocellulosic plant cell wall. Due to their variety, xylanases have been classified in glycoside hydrolase families GH5, GH8, GH10, GH11, GH30 and GH43 in the CAZy database. In this review, we focus on GH11 family, which is one of the best characterized GH families with bacterial and fungal members considered as true xylanases compared to the other families because of their high substrate specificity. Based on an exhaustive analysis of the sequences and 3D structures available so far, in relation with biochemical properties, we assess biochemical aspects of GH11 xylanases: structure, catalytic machinery, focus on their "thumb" loop of major importance in catalytic efficiency and substrate selectivity, inhibition, stability to pH and temperature. GH11 xylanases have for a long time been used as biotechnological tools in various industrial applications and represent in addition promising candidates for future other uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Paës
- INRA, UMR614 FARE, 2 esplanade Roland-Garros, F-51686 Reims, France.
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Zhang J, Siika-aho M, Puranen T, Tang M, Tenkanen M, Viikari L. Thermostable recombinant xylanases from Nonomuraea flexuosa and Thermoascus aurantiacus show distinct properties in the hydrolysis of xylans and pretreated wheat straw. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2011; 4:12. [PMID: 21592333 PMCID: PMC3114720 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-4-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials, thermostable enzymes decrease the amount of enzyme needed due to higher specific activity and elongate the hydrolysis time due to improved stability. For cost-efficient use of enzymes in large-scale industrial applications, high-level expression of enzymes in recombinant hosts is usually a prerequisite. The main aim of the present study was to compare the biochemical and hydrolytic properties of two thermostable recombinant glycosyl hydrolase families 10 and 11 (GH10 and GH11, respectively) xylanases with respect to their potential application in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates. RESULTS The xylanases from Nonomuraea flexuosa (Nf Xyn11A) and from Thermoascus aurantiacus (Ta Xyn10A) were purified by heat treatment and gel permeation chromatography. Ta Xyn10A exhibited higher hydrolytic efficiency than Nf Xyn11A toward birchwood glucuronoxylan, insoluble oat spelt arabinoxylan and hydrothermally pretreated wheat straw, and it produced more reducing sugars. Oligosaccharides from xylobiose to xylopentaose as well as higher degree of polymerization (DP) xylooligosaccharides (XOSs), but not xylose, were released during the initial hydrolysis of xylans by Nf Xyn11A, indicating its potential for the production of XOS. The mode of action of Nf Xyn11A and Ta Xyn10A on glucuronoxylan and arabinoxylan showed typical production patterns of endoxylanases belonging to GH11 and GH10, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Because of its high catalytic activity and good thermostability, T. aurantiacus xylanase shows great potential for applications aimed at total hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials for platform sugars, whereas N. flexuosa xylanase shows more significant potential for the production of XOSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Matti Siika-aho
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FIN-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Terhi Puranen
- Roal Oy, Tykkimäentie 15, FIN-05200, Rajamäki, Finland
| | - Ming Tang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Maija Tenkanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Viikari
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Li X, She Y, Sun B, Song H, Zhu Y, Lv Y, Song H. Purification and characterization of a cellulase-free, thermostable xylanase from Streptomyces rameus L2001 and its biobleaching effect on wheat straw pulp. Biochem Eng J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Properties of a xylanase from Streptomyces matensis being suitable for xylooligosaccharides production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kaneko S, Ichinose H, Fujimoto Z, Iwamatsu S, Kuno A, Hasegawa T. Substrate Recognition of a Family 10 Xylanase from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86: A Study by Site-directed Mutagenesis to Make an Hindrance around the Entrance toward the Substrate-binding Cleft. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2009. [DOI: 10.5458/jag.56.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Xia T, Wang Q. Directed evolution of Streptomyces lividans xylanase B toward enhanced thermal and alkaline pH stability. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-008-9867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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MERYANDINI ANJA. Characterization of Xylanase from Streptomyces spp. Strain C1-3. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2007. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.14.3.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Immobilization of Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86 xylanase on Eudragit S-100 for xylo-oligosaccharide production. Process Biochem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2004.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jiang Z, Deng W, Li X, Ai Z, Li L, Kusakabe I. Characterization of a novel, ultra-large xylanolytic complex (xylanosome) from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86. Enzyme Microb Technol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Deng W, Jiang ZQ, Li LT, Wei Y, Shi B, Kusakabe I. Variation of xylanosomal subunit composition of Streptomyces olivaceoviridis by nitrogen sources. Biotechnol Lett 2005; 27:429-33. [PMID: 15834809 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-005-1880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2005] [Accepted: 02/02/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Besides affecting the xylanases production, different nitrogen sources present in the media also caused changes in the xylanosomal subunit composition of Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86. Four xylanosome fractions, purified from the culture supernatant of S. olivaceoviridis E-86 grown on different nitrogen sources, exhibited high specificity towards different xylans and were composed of different subunits. Thus, S. olivaceoviridis E-86 regulates the expression of xylanase activity and varies the xylanosome composition according to the nitrogen sources possibly through the action of the secreted proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua Donglu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
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Ito S, Kuno A, Suzuki R, Kaneko S, Kawabata Y, Kusakabe I, Hasegawa T. Rational affinity purification of native Streptomyces family 10 xylanase. J Biotechnol 2004; 110:137-42. [PMID: 15121333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2004.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2003] [Revised: 12/26/2003] [Accepted: 01/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Xylanase SoXyn10A from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86 comprises a family 10 catalytic module linked to a family 13 carbohydrate-binding module (SoCBM13). The SoCBM13 has a beta-trefoil structure, with binding sites in each subdomain (alpha, beta and gamma). Subdomain alpha, but not subdomains beta and gamma, binds tightly to lactose. It was, therefore, thought that immobilized lactose could be used for the affinity purification of SoXyn10A. Lactosyl-Sepharose was prepared and tested as an affinity matrix. SoXyn10A produced from the cloned xyn10A gene by Escherichia coli, and native SoXyn10A in culture supernatants from S. olivaceoviridis, were purified to homogeneity in a single step by affinity chromatography using this matrix. This simple purification of SoXyn10A makes the enzyme an attractive candidate for applications requiring xylanase. The CBM also has the potential for use as an affinity tag for the purification of other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyasu Ito
- Department of Material and Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
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Shibuya H, Kaneko S, Hayashi K. Enhancement of the thermostability and hydrolytic activity of xylanase by random gene shuffling. Biochem J 2000; 349:651-6. [PMID: 10880366 PMCID: PMC1221190 DOI: 10.1042/0264-6021:3490651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The thermostability of Streptomyces lividans xylanase B (SlxB-cat) was significantly increased by the replacement of its N-terminal region with the corresponding region from Thermomonospora fusca xylanase A (TfxA-cat) without observing a decrease in enzyme activity. In spite of the significant similarity between the amino acid sequences of the two xylanases, their thermostabilities are quite different. To facilitate an understanding of the contribution of structure to the thermostability observed, chimaeric enzymes were constructed by random gene shuffling and the thermostable chimaeric enzymes were selected for further study. A comparative study of the chimaeric and parental enzymes indicated that the N-terminus of TfxA-cat contributed to the observed thermostability. However, too many substitutions decreased both the thermostability and the activity of the enzyme. The mutants with the most desirable characteristics, Stx15 and Stx18, exhibited significant thermostabilities at 70 degrees C with optimum temperatures which were 20 degrees C higher than that of SlxB-cat and equal to that of TfxA-cat. The ability of these two chimaeric enzymes to produce reducing sugar from xylan was enhanced in comparison with the parental enzymes. These results suggest that these chimaeric enzymes inherit both their thermostability from TfxA-cat and their increased reactivity from SlxB-cat. Our study also demonstrates that random shuffling between a mesophilic enzyme and its thermophilic counterpart represents a facile approach for the improvement of the thermostability of a mesophilic enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shibuya
- Wood Chemistry Division, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Kukizaki, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan.
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