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Browar AW, Koufos EB, Wei Y, Leavitt LL, Prozialeck WC, Edwards JR. Cadmium Exposure Disrupts Periodontal Bone in Experimental Animals: Implications for Periodontal Disease in Humans. TOXICS 2018; 6:E32. [PMID: 29899258 PMCID: PMC6027471 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant that damages the kidney, the liver, and bones. Some epidemiological studies showed associations between Cd exposure and periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Cd exposure and periodontal disease in experimental animals. Male Sprague/Dawley rats were given daily subcutaneous injections of Cd (0.6 mg/kg/day) for up to 12 weeks. The animals were euthanized, and their mandibles and maxillae were evaluated for levels of periodontal bone by measuring the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC) of the molar roots. After 12 weeks of Cd exposure in animals, there was a significantly greater distance between the CEJ and ABC in the palatal aspect of the maxillary molars and the lingual aspect of the mandibular molars when compared with controls (p < 0.0001). This study shows that Cd has significant, time-dependent effects on periodontal bone in an animal model of Cd exposure. These findings support the possibility of Cd being a contributing factor to the development of periodontal disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Browar
- College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Illinois, 555 W. 31st St., Science Hall, 211-J, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
| | - Emily B Koufos
- College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Illinois, 555 W. 31st St., Science Hall, 211-J, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
| | - Yifan Wei
- College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Illinois, 555 W. 31st St., Science Hall, 211-J, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
| | - Landon L Leavitt
- College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Illinois, 555 W. 31st St., Science Hall, 211-J, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
| | - Walter C Prozialeck
- Department of Pharmacology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
| | - Joshua R Edwards
- Department of Pharmacology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
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Haziri I, Haziri A, Ozuni E, Mehmeti I. Dynamics of Malondialdehyde Depending on Cadmium
Concentration and their Relation with the Daily Weight Gain on
the Chicken Hybrid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2017.38.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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