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Shokeen K, Kumar S. Newcastle disease virus regulates its replication by instigating oxidative stress-driven Sirtuin 7 production. J Gen Virol 2024; 105. [PMID: 38376490 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation inside the cells instigates oxidative stress, activating stress-responsive genes. The viral strategies for promoting stressful conditions and utilizing the induced host proteins to enhance their replication remain elusive. The present work investigates the impact of oxidative stress responses on Newcastle disease virus (NDV) pathogenesis. Here, we show that the progression of NDV infection varies with intracellular ROS levels. Additionally, the results demonstrate that NDV infection modulates the expression of oxidative stress-responsive genes, majorly sirtuin 7 (SIRT7), a NAD+-dependent deacetylase. The modulation of SIRT7 protein, both through overexpression and knockdown, significantly impacts the replication dynamics of NDV in DF-1 cells. The activation of SIRT7 is found to be associated with the positive regulation of cellular protein deacetylation. Lastly, the results suggested that NDV-driven SIRT7 alters NAD+ metabolism in vitro and in ovo. We concluded that the elevated expression of NDV-mediated SIRT7 protein with enhanced activity metabolizes the NAD+ to deacetylase the host proteins, thus contributing to high virus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Shokeen
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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Yuan N, Song Q, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Wu Z, Sheng X, Qi X, Xing K, Xiao L, Wang X. Replication of standard bovine viral diarrhea strain OregonC24Va induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis of bovine trophoblast cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:49-60. [PMID: 36441379 PMCID: PMC9877273 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01300-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a worldwide infectious disease caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection, which invades the placenta, causes abortion, produces immune tolerance and continuously infects calves, and causes huge economic losses to the cattle industry. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important organelle in cells, which is prone to ER stress after being stimulated by pathogens, thus activating the ER stress-related apoptosis. Studies have confirmed that BVDV can utilize the ER of its host to complete its own proliferation and stimulate ER stress to a certain extent. However, the role of ER stress in BVDV infecting bovine placental trophoblast cells (BTCs) and inducing apoptosis is still unclear. We are using the cytopathic strain of BVDV (OregonC24Va), which can cause apoptosis of BTCs, as a model system to determine how ER stress induced by BVDV affects placental toxicity. We show that OregonC24Va can infect BTCs and proliferate in it. With the proliferation of BVDV in BTCs, ER stress-related apoptosis is triggered. The ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA was used to inhibit the ER stress of BTCs, which not only inhibited the proliferation of BVDV, but also reduced the apoptosis of BTCs. The ER stress activator Tg can activate ER stress-related apoptosis, but the proliferation of BVDV does not change in BTCs. Therefore, BVDV utilizes the UPR of activated ER stress to promote the proliferation of BVDV in the early stage of infection, and activates the ER stress-related apoptosis of BTCs in the later stage with the virus proliferation to promote the cell apoptosis and further spread of the virus. Our research provides a new theoretical basis for exploring the placental infection and vertical transmission of BVDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihan Yuan
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Quanjiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology On Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang, A&F University, Lin'an District, 666 Wusu StreetZhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhenhao Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xihui Sheng
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Kai Xing
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Longfei Xiao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Xiangguo Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Freda CT, Yin W, Ghebrehiwet B, Rubenstein DA. SARS-CoV-2 proteins regulate inflammatory, thrombotic and diabetic responses in human arterial fibroblasts. Clin Immunol 2021; 227:108733. [PMID: 33895357 PMCID: PMC8061629 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for many pathological processes, including altered vascular disease development, dysfunctional thrombosis and a heightened inflammatory response. However, there is limited work to determine the underlying cellular responses induced by exposure to SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins. Thus, our objective was to investigate how human arterial adventitial fibroblasts inflammation, thrombosis and diabetic disease markers are altered in response to Spike, Nucleocapsid and Membrane-Envelope proteins. We hypothesized that after a short-term exposure to SARS-CoV-2 proteins, adventitial fibroblasts would have a higher expression of inflammatory, thrombotic and diabetic proteins, which would support a mechanism for altered vascular disease progression. After incubation, the expression of gC1qR, ICAM-1, tissue factor, RAGE and GLUT-4 was significantly up-regulated. In general, the extent of expression was different for each SARS-CoV-2 protein, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 proteins interact with cells through different mechanisms. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction with vascular cells may regulate vascular disease responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Thor Freda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States of America
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States of America
| | - Berhane Ghebrehiwet
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States of America
| | - David A Rubenstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States of America.
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