KURAMAE T, ISHIKAWA S, KONO A, HOBO S. Pharmacokinetics in plasma and alveolar regions of a healthy calf intramuscularly administered a single dose of orbifloxacin.
J Vet Med Sci 2022;
84:400-405. [PMID:
35095059 PMCID:
PMC8983296 DOI:
10.1292/jvms.21-0517]
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Abstract
This study analyzed the pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin (OBFX) in plasma, and its migration and retention in epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and alveolar cells within the bronchoalveolar
lavage fluid (BALF). Four healthy calves received a single dose of OBFX (5.0 mg/kg) intramuscularly. Post-administration OBFX dynamics were in accordance with a non-compartment model,
including the absorption phase. The maximum concentration (Cmax) of plasma OBFX was 2.2 ± 0.1 μg/ml at 2.3 ± 0.5 hr post administration and gradually decreased to 0.3 ± 0.2 μg/ml
at 24 hr following administration. The Cmax of ELF OBFX was 9.3 ± 0.4 μg/ml at 3.0 ± 2.0 hr post administration and gradually decreased to 1.2 ± 0.1 μg/ml at 24 hr following
administration. The Cmax of alveolar cells OBFX was 9.3 ± 2.9 μg/ml at 4.0 hr post administration and gradually decreased to 1.1 ± 0.2 μg/ml at 24 hr following administration. The
half-life of OBFX in plasma, ELF, and alveolar cells were 6.9 ± 2.2, 7.0 ± 0.6, and 7.8 ± 1.6 hr, respectively. The Cmax and the area under the concentration-time curve for 0–24
hr with OBFX were significantly higher in ELF and alveolar cells than in plasma (P<0.05). These results suggest that OBFX is distributed and retained at high
concentrations in ELF and alveolar cells at 24 hr following administration. Hence, a single intramuscular dose of OBFX (5.0 mg/kg) may be an effective therapeutic agent against
pneumonia.
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