1
|
Elzahhar PA, Nematalla HA, Al-Koussa H, Abrahamian C, El-Yazbi AF, Bodgi L, Bou-Gharios J, Azzi J, Al Choboq J, Labib HF, Kheir WA, Abu-Serie MM, Elrewiny MA, El-Yazbi AF, Belal ASF. Inclusion of Nitrofurantoin into the Realm of Cancer Chemotherapy via Biology-Oriented Synthesis and Drug Repurposing. J Med Chem 2023; 66:4565-4587. [PMID: 36921275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Structural modifications of the antibacterial drug nitrofurantoin were envisioned, employing drug repurposing and biology-oriented drug synthesis, to serve as possible anticancer agents. Eleven compounds showed superior safety in non-cancerous human cells. Their antitumor efficacy was assessed on colorectal, breast, cervical, and liver cancer cells. Three compounds induced oxidative DNA damage in cancer cells with subsequent cellular apoptosis. They also upregulated the expression of Bax while downregulated that of Bcl-2 along with activating caspase 3/7. The DNA damage induced by these compounds, demonstrated by pATM nuclear shuttling, was comparable in both MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 (p53 mutant) cell lines. Mechanistic studies confirmed the dependence of these compounds on p53-mediated pathways as they suppressed the p53-MDM2 interaction. Indeed, exposure of radiosensitive prostatic cancer cells to low non-cytotoxic concentrations of compound 1 enhanced the cytotoxic response to radiation indicating a possible synergistic effect. In vivo antitumor activity was verified in an MCF7-xenograft animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perihan A Elzahhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Hisham A Nematalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Houssam Al-Koussa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Carla Abrahamian
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Amira F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Larry Bodgi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Jolie Bou-Gharios
- Department of Radiation Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Joyce Azzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Joelle Al Choboq
- Department of Radiation Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Hala F Labib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy of Science Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria 21913, Egypt
| | - Wassim Abou Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elrewiny
- Faculty of Pharmacy and the Research and Innovation Hub, Alamein International University, Alamein 5060335, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy and the Research and Innovation Hub, Alamein International University, Alamein 5060335, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S F Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
El-Wakil MH, Meheissen MA, Abu-Serie MM. Nitrofurazone repurposing towards design and synthesis of novel apoptotic-dependent anticancer and antimicrobial agents: Biological evaluation, kinetic studies and molecular modeling. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:104971. [PMID: 34051413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Drug repurposing has gained much attention as a cost-effective strategy that plays an exquisite role in identifying undescribed biological activities in clinical drugs. In the present work, we report the repurposing of the antibacterial drug nitrofurazone (NFZ) as a potential anticancer agent against CaCo-2, MDA-MB 231 and HepG-2 cancer cell lines. Novel series of nitrofurazone analogs were then designed considering the important pharmacologic features present in NFZ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of the target compounds revealed their promising anticancer activities endowed with antimicrobial potential and possessing better lipophilicity than NFZ. Compound 7, exclusively, inhibited the growth of all tested cancer cells more potently than NFZ with the least cytotoxicity against normal cells, displaying anti Gram-positive bacterial activities and antifungal potential. Analysis of the stereo-electronic properties of compound 7 via investigating the energies of HOMO, LUMO, HOMO-LUMO energy gap and MEP maps demonstrated its high reactivity and the expected molecular mechanism of action through reduction of the 5-nitrofuryl moiety. Data of the bioactivity studies indicated that the potent anticancer activity of 7 is mainly through increasing intracellular ROS levels and induction of apoptosis via significantly down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 while up-regulating BAX, p53 and caspase 3 expression levels. Compound 7 potently inhibited the cellular expression levels of antioxidant enzymes GPx1 and GR compared to NFZ. Antioxidant enzymes kinetic studies and blind molecular docking simulations disclosed the mechanistic and structural aspects of the interaction between 7 and both GR and GPx1. Thus, the successful discovery of 7 as a potential dual anticancer-antimicrobial nitrofurazone analog might validate the applicability of drug repurposing strategy in unravelling the unrecognized bioactivity of the present conventional drugs, besides furnishing the way towards more optimization and development studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa H El-Wakil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Ahmed Meheissen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang CH, Chou YH, Yeh HW, Huang JY, Yang SF, Yeh CB. Risk of Cancer after Lower Urinary Tract Infection: A Population-Based Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16030390. [PMID: 30704106 PMCID: PMC6388119 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the association among lower urinary tract infection (UTI), the type and timing of antibiotic usage, and the subsequent risk of developing cancers, especially genitourinary cancers (GUC), in Taiwan. This retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using 2009–2013 data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. This study enrolled patients who were diagnosed with a UTI between 2010 and 2012. A 1:2 propensity score-matched control population without UTI served as the control group. Multivariate analysis with a multiple Cox regression model was applied to analyze the data. A total of 38,084 patients with UTI were included in the study group, and 76,168 participants without UTI were included in the control group. The result showed a higher hazard ratio of any cancer in both sexes with UTI (for males, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12–1.54; for females, aHR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.08–1.35). Patients with UTI had a higher probability of developing new GUC than those without UTI. Moreover, the genital organs, kidney, and urinary bladder of men were significantly more affected than those of women with prior UTI. Furthermore, antibiotic treatment for more than 7 days associated the incidence of bladder cancer in men (7–13 days, aHR = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.50–3.02; >14 days, aHR = 2.73, CI = 1.32–5.64). In conclusion, UTI is significantly related to GUC and may serve as an early sign of GUC, especially in the male genital organs, prostate, kidney, and urinary bladder. During UTI treatment, physicians should cautiously prescribe antibiotics to patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Lin Shin Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hsiang Chou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Han-Wei Yeh
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan.
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Bin Yeh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A systematic analysis of Nrf2 pathway activation dynamics during repeated xenobiotic exposure. Arch Toxicol 2018; 93:435-451. [PMID: 30456486 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress leads to the activation of the Nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. While most studies have focused on the activation of the Nrf2 pathway after single chemical treatment, little is known about the dynamic regulation of the Nrf2 pathway in the context of repeated exposure scenarios. Here we employed single cell live imaging to quantitatively monitor the dynamics of the Nrf2 pathway during repeated exposure, making advantage of two HepG2 fluorescent protein reporter cell lines, expressing GFP tagged Nrf2 or sulfiredoxin 1 (Srxn1), a direct downstream target of Nrf2. High throughput live confocal imaging was used to measure the temporal dynamics of these two components of the Nrf2 pathway after repeated exposure to an extensive concentration range of diethyl maleate (DEM) and tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ). Single treatment with DEM or tBHQ induced Nrf2 and Srxn1 over time in a concentration-dependent manner. The Nrf2 response to a second treatment was lower than the response to the first exposure with the same concentration, indicating that the response is adaptive. Moreover, a limited fraction of individual cells committed themselves into the Nrf2 response during the second treatment. Despite the suppression of the Nrf2 pathway, the second treatment resulted in a three-fold higher Srxn1-GFP response compared to the first treatment, with all cells participating in the response. While after the first treatment Srxn1-GFP response was linearly related to Nrf2-GFP nuclear translocation, such a linear relationship was less clear for the second exposure. siRNA-mediated knockdown demonstrated that the second response is dependent on the activity of Nrf2. Several other, clinically relevant, compounds (i.e., sulphorophane, nitrofurantoin and CDDO-Me) also enhanced the induction of Srxn1-GFP upon two consecutive repeated exposure. Together the data indicate that adaptation towards pro-oxidants lowers the Nrf2 activation capacity, but simultaneously primes cells for the enhancement of an antioxidant response which depends on factors other than just Nrf2. These data provide further insight in the overall dynamics of stress pathway activation after repeated exposure and underscore the complexity of responses that may govern repeated dose toxicity.
Collapse
|
5
|
Tsuchiya T, Kijima A, Ishii Y, Takasu S, Yokoo Y, Nishikawa A, Yanai T, Umemura T. Mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced in vivo mutagenicity by potassium bromate and nitrofurantoin. J Toxicol Pathol 2018; 31:179-188. [PMID: 30093787 PMCID: PMC6077160 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2018-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is well known as a key factor of chemical carcinogenesis. However, the actual role of oxidative stress in carcinogenesis, such as oxidative stress-related in vivo mutagenicity, remains unclear. It has been reported that 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an oxidized DNA lesion, might contribute to chemical carcinogenesis. Potassium bromate (KBrO3) and nitrofurantoin (NFT) are known as renal carcinogens in rats. Our previous studies showed an increase in mutant frequencies accompanied by an increased level of 8-OHdG in the kidneys of rodents following KBrO3 or NFT exposure. Furthermore, KBrO3 and NFT induced different types of gene mutations. Thus, in the present study, we performed reporter gene mutation assays and 8-OHdG measurements following KBrO3 or NFT exposure using Nrf2-proficient and Nrf2-deficient mice to clarify the relationship between KBrO3- or NFT-induced oxidative stress and subsequent genotoxicity. Administration of 1,500 ppm of KBrO3 in drinking water resulted in an increase in deletion mutations accompanied by an increase in 8-OHdG level, and administration of 2,500 ppm of NFT in diet induced an increase in guanine base substitution mutations without elevation of the 8-OHdG level in Nrf2-deficient mice. These results demonstrated that the formation of 8-OHdG, which resulted from the oxidizing potential of KBrO3, was directly involved in the increase in deletion mutations, although factors related to oxidative stress other than 8-OHdG might be crucial for NFT-induced guanine base substitution mutations. The present study provides new insight into oxidative stress-related in vivo mutagenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Tsuchiya
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
- Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of
Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Aki Kijima
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yuji Ishii
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Shinji Takasu
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yuh Yokoo
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Nishikawa
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Tokuma Yanai
- Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of
Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Takashi Umemura
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
- Department of Animal Nursing, Yamazaki Gakuen University,
4-7-2 Minamiosawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0364, Japan
| |
Collapse
|