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Maciukiewicz M, Tiwari AK, Zai CC, Gorbovskaya I, Laughlin CP, Nurmi EL, Liebermann JA, Meltzer HY, Kennedy JL, Müller DJ. Genome-wide association study on antipsychotic-induced weight gain in Europeans and African-Americans. Schizophr Res 2019; 212:204-212. [PMID: 31447353 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antipsychotic (AP) medications are the first line of treatment for schizophrenia. However, most conferr a risk of antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG). The objective of this investigation was to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of AIWG, followed by comprehensive, post-GWAS approaches. METHODS We investigated n = 201 schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder patients of European and African American ancestry who were treated primarily with clozapine or olanzapine. We conducted a genome-wide association analysis for AIWG, defined primarily as a percentage of weight change from baseline. RESULTS When examining Europeans (n = 147), we noticed an association between rs62097526 (β = 0.39, p = 3.59 × 10-6, CADD = 2.213) variant, located downstream of the CIDEA gene, which is considered a risk factor for AIWG. In the entire sample, we observed a significant association between rs1525085 (β = 0.411, p = 3.15 × 10-9) variant of the DGKB gene and AIWG. The association was nominally significant in Europeans (β = 0.271, p = 0.002) and African Americans (β = 0.579, p = 5.73 × 10-5) with the same risk allele. Our top genes (p < 5 × 10-5) were enriched in the GWAS catalog for the risk of obesity and interacted with the known risk factors for obesity (G6PD) and diabetes (IRS1). In addition, these genes are targeted by miRNAs related to schizophrenia (mir-34a) and obesity (mir-19b). However, our polygenic risk score analyses did not provide support for major genetic overlap between obesity and the risk of AIWG. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we propose that the CIDEA and DGKB genes are risk factors for AIWG in transethnic populations. Additionally, our evidence suggests that the G6PD and IRS1 gene-related pathways might be involved in AIWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Maciukiewicz
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arun K Tiwari
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Clement C Zai
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilona Gorbovskaya
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher P Laughlin
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erika L Nurmi
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Liebermann
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Herbert Y Meltzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James L Kennedy
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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