1
|
Stowe DM, Held EP, Cross EA, Meritet D, Hess PR, Ferris K, Mochizuki H. Elevated serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activity and immunohistochemistry in two dogs with renal carcinoma. Vet Clin Pathol 2024. [PMID: 39060224 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
During a 3-year time period, a 15-year-old male castrated Terrier mix (dog 1) and a 6-year-old female spayed Labrador Retriever (dog 2) presented to the North Carolina State Veterinary Hospital with similar blood work abnormalities and no significant physical examination findings. A CBC, chemistry panel, and urinalysis performed on both dogs were relatively unremarkable, other than a marked increase in serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity. Through imaging, both patients were diagnosed with a renal mass, and histopathology of both masses revealed a carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining of the renal mass in both dog 1 and dog 2 were intensely positive for GGT. Dog 1 had the affected kidney removed, which normalized the GGT value. Dog 2 was euthanized, and metastasis to the lung was noted upon postmortem examination. There have been limited case studies documenting an elevation in serum GGT in dogs diagnosed with renal carcinoma. While renal carcinoma is uncommon in dogs, it is an important differential to keep in mind when there is a marked increase in serum GGT without accompanying increases in other measured liver enzymes. In addition, serum GGT can serve as a helpful biomarker for disease resolution and recurrence, as surgical removal of the renal mass (dog 1) led to the resolution of the elevated serum GGT. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating IHC staining for GGT in a canine renal carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devorah M Stowe
- Department of Public Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth P Held
- Department of Public Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emily A Cross
- Urgent Vets for Pets, Southern Pines, North Carolina, USA
| | - Danielle Meritet
- Department of Public Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul R Hess
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelli Ferris
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Mochizuki
- Department of Public Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Immunohistochemical Profile of 20 Feline Renal Cell Carcinomas. J Comp Pathol 2017; 157:115-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
3
|
Peat TJ, Edmondson EF, Miller MA, DuSold DM, Ramos-Vara JA. Pax8, Napsin A, and CD10 as Immunohistochemical Markers of Canine Renal Cell Carcinoma. Vet Pathol 2017; 54:588-594. [PMID: 28346124 DOI: 10.1177/0300985817698211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pax8, napsin A, and CD10 are useful immunohistochemical markers of human renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, their diagnostic utility in canine RCC is unclear. Forty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded renal cell carcinomas from dogs (15 papillary, 12 solid, and 13 tubular) and 10 metastases were evaluated for expression of Pax8, napsin A, and CD10. Thirty-nine (98%), 24 (60%), and 19 (50%) tumors expressed Pax8 (nuclear labeling), napsin A (cytoplasmic labeling), and CD10 (cytoplasmic and membranous labeling), respectively. Pax8 was expressed in 92% of solid, 100% of papillary, and 100% of tubular tumors. Napsin A was expressed in 58% of solid, 60% of papillary, and 62% of tubular RCC. CD10 was expressed in 33% of solid, 47% of papillary, and 62% of tubular RCC. Pax8 was expressed in 80% of the metastatic tumors, napsin A in 60%, and CD10 in 50%. Additionally, Pax8 immunoreactivity was stronger overall than that of napsin A or CD10. In summary, Pax8 is a more sensitive marker than napsin A or CD10 for primary and metastatic canine RCC; its nuclear and more intense reactivity also makes it easier to interpret. Tubular and papillary RCCs were more likely than solid RCC to express all 3 markers. These findings highlight the utility of Pax8 as an immunohistochemical marker in diagnosing all major subtypes of canine primary and metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. Peat
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Elijah F. Edmondson
- NCI, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Margaret A. Miller
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Dee M. DuSold
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - José A. Ramos-Vara
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kao CF, Chen JL, Tsao WT, Lee AH, Liu CH, Wang FI. A renal adenocarcinoma in a corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus) resembling human collecting duct carcinoma. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 28:599-603. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638716661380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 5-year-old male captive corn snake ( Pantherophis guttatus) with caudal coelomic swelling was admitted for surgical treatment. Laparotomy revealed a 5 × 4 × 2.5 cm, firm, expansile, irregularly shaped mass arising from the middle portion of the right kidney with a mild lobulated pattern and mottled white-to-tan. Microscopically, the mass was composed of numerous bizarre angulated tubules of polygonal neoplastic cells separated by a scirrhous stroma with remarkable heterophilic infiltrates. The neoplastic cells were nonciliated and mucin secreting, with abundant brightly eosinophilic cytoplasm. There were marked cellular and nuclear atypia, frequent cell individualization, and stromal invasion, indicative of malignant behavior, which was confirmed by metastasis to the left kidney 1.5 months postoperatively. Both neoplastic epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells contributing to the scirrhous stroma had variable immunopositivity for pan-cytokeratin. The neoplasm was considered a renal adenocarcinoma resembling human collecting duct carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Fei Kao
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology (Kao, Liu, Wang), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- Institute of Veterinary Science (Tsao), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei (Chen), Taiwan
- Taipei Zoo, Taipei (Lee), Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Liang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology (Kao, Liu, Wang), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- Institute of Veterinary Science (Tsao), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei (Chen), Taiwan
- Taipei Zoo, Taipei (Lee), Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tien Tsao
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology (Kao, Liu, Wang), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- Institute of Veterinary Science (Tsao), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei (Chen), Taiwan
- Taipei Zoo, Taipei (Lee), Taiwan
| | - An-Hsing Lee
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology (Kao, Liu, Wang), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- Institute of Veterinary Science (Tsao), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei (Chen), Taiwan
- Taipei Zoo, Taipei (Lee), Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology (Kao, Liu, Wang), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- Institute of Veterinary Science (Tsao), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei (Chen), Taiwan
- Taipei Zoo, Taipei (Lee), Taiwan
| | - Fun-In Wang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology (Kao, Liu, Wang), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- Institute of Veterinary Science (Tsao), School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei (Chen), Taiwan
- Taipei Zoo, Taipei (Lee), Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Edmondson EF, Hess AM, Powers BE. Prognostic Significance of Histologic Features in Canine Renal Cell Carcinomas. Vet Pathol 2014; 52:260-8. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985814533803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The prognostic significance of histologic and clinical features was evaluated in a retrospective study of 70 dogs treated with nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Dogs presenting with hematuria and cachexia had significantly decreased overall and tumor-specific survival. Mitotic index (MI), nuclear size, nuclear pleomorphism, tumor differentiation, invasiveness, Fuhrman nuclear grade, and clear cell morphology were significantly associated with survival times (overall and tumor specific) in univariate analyses. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was constructed using stepwise selection to evaluate potential histologic predictor variables. This multivariate analysis revealed MI, defined as the number of mitotic figures in ten 400× fields, as the sole independent prognostic variable. Median survival for dogs with an MI >30 was 187 days compared with 1184 days for dogs with an MI of <10. Dogs with an intermediate MI of 10 to 30 had a median survival of 452 days. Canine renal carcinomas were categorized into the following subtypes based on histologic features and histochemical and immunohistochemical staining: (1) clear cell, (2) chromophobe, (3) papillary, and (4) multilocular cystic renal cell carcinomas. Clear cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 6 of 70 (9%) canine tumors and was associated with a significantly decreased median survival time. Papillary carcinomas were identified in 15 of 70 tumors (21%), chromophobe in 6 of 70 (9%), and the multilocular cystic variant of canine renal cell carcinoma in 3 of 70 tumors (4%). These findings facilitate uniform categorization of canine renal cell carcinoma and provide veterinary pathologists with criteria to determine prognostic information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. F. Edmondson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - A. M. Hess
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA Supplementary material for this article is available on the Veterinary Pathology website at
| | - B. E. Powers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Inkelmann MA, Kommers GD, Fighera RA, Irigoyen LF, Barros CS, Silveira IP, Trost ME. Neoplasmas do sistema urinário em 113 cães. PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2011001200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Foram revisados 4.723 protocolos de necropsias de cães realizadas entre janeiro de 1990 e julho de 2010 no LPV-UFSM. Os principais objetivos deste estudo retrospectivo foram determinar a prevalência e os tipos de neoplasmas que ocorreram no sistema urinário. Em 113 (2,4%) dos cães necropsiados, foram diagnosticados 27 neoplasmas primários e 86 metastáticos ou como parte de tumores multicêntricos no sistema urinário. Dos neoplasmas primários, a grande maioria teve origem epitelial. Treze casos eram neoplasmas renais primários (0,27% do total de cães necropsiados no período estudado). Cistadenocarcinoma/cistadenoma e o carcinoma de células renais foram os neoplasmas primários mais prevalentes no rim e o carcinoma de células de transição foi o mais prevalente na bexiga. Os neoplasmas metastáticos (64 casos) e multicêntricos (22 casos) que afetaram o sistema urinário foram os mais prevalentes (86 casos [76,1%]), com predomínio mesenquimal. Destes, a grande maioria estava localizada no rim e, quanto ao tipo histológico, as metástases de neoplasmas mamários e o linfoma multicêntrico predominaram.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kobayashi N, Suzuki K, Murakami H, Kagawa E, Aoki I, Nagashima Y. Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma with Sarcomatoid Transformation in a Dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 2010; 22:983-7. [DOI: 10.1177/104063871002200624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 12-year-old spayed female Siberian husky dog presented with hematuria and weight loss. An abdominal ultrasonographic examination revealed a left renal tumor measuring 8 cm in diameter, and a nephrectomy was performed. The resected kidney contained a cavitated tumor with a white solid region. Histologically, this tumor was composed of large polygonal cells with abundant and cloudy cytoplasm and focal sarcomatoid change. The neoplastic epithelial cells were reactive with colloidal iron staining; Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, peanut agglutinin, and Ulex europaeus agglutinin I lectins; and cluster of differentiation 10 and c-KIT antigens but not for periodic acid-Schiff or vimentin stain. Neoplastic sarcomatoid cells stained positive for vimentin. Because these histopathologic features are identical to those of human chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, the present case was diagnosed as canine chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naohito Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Suzuki
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironobu Murakami
- Department of Veterinary Epizootiology, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Eriko Kagawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Itirou Aoki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoji Nagashima
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|