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Khodadad Kashi A, Caspani L, Kues M. Spectral Hong-Ou-Mandel Effect between a Heralded Single-Photon State and a Thermal Field: Multiphoton Contamination and the Nonclassicality Threshold. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:233601. [PMID: 38134802 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.233601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is crucial for quantum information processing, and its visibility determines the system's quantum-classical characteristics. In an experimental and theoretical study of the spectral HOM effect between a thermal field and a heralded single-photon state, we demonstrate that the HOM visibility varies dependent on the relative photon statistics of the interacting fields. Our findings reveal that multiphoton components in a heralded state get engaged in quantum interference with a thermal field, resulting in improved visibilities at certain mean photon numbers. We derive a theoretical relationship for the HOM visibility as a function of the mean photon number of the thermal field and the thermal part of the heralded state. We show that the nonclassicality degree of a heralded state is reflected in its HOM visibility with a thermal field; our results establish a lower bound of 41.42% for the peak visibility, indicating the minimum assignable degree of nonclassicality to the heralded state. This research enhances our understanding of the HOM effect and its application to high-speed remote secret key sharing, addressing security concerns due to multiphoton contamination in heralded states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Khodadad Kashi
- Institute of Photonics, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines), Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Lucia Caspani
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Kues
- Institute of Photonics, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines), Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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Craddock AN, Hannegan J, Ornelas-Huerta DP, Siverns JD, Hachtel AJ, Goldschmidt EA, Porto JV, Quraishi Q, Rolston SL. Quantum Interference between Photons from an Atomic Ensemble and a Remote Atomic Ion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:213601. [PMID: 31809132 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.213601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many remote-entanglement protocols rely on the generation and interference of photons produced by nodes within a quantum network. Quantum networks based on heterogeneous nodes provide a versatile platform by utilizing the complementary strengths of the differing systems. Implementation of such networks is challenging, due to the disparate spectral and temporal characteristics of the photons generated by the different quantum systems. Here, we report on the observation of quantum interference between photons generated from a single ion and an atomic ensemble. The photons are produced on demand by each source located in separate buildings, in a manner suitable for quantum networking. Given these results, we analyze the feasibility of hybrid ion-ensemble remote entanglement generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Craddock
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J Hannegan
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D P Ornelas-Huerta
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J D Siverns
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A J Hachtel
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - E A Goldschmidt
- Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - J V Porto
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Q Quraishi
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - S L Rolston
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Siverns JD, Hannegan J, Quraishi Q. Demonstration of slow light in rubidium vapor using single photons from a trapped ion. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav4651. [PMID: 31620552 PMCID: PMC6777970 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav4651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Practical implementation of quantum networks is likely to interface different types of quantum systems. Photonically linked hybrid systems, combining unique properties of each constituent system, have typically required sources with the same photon emission wavelength. Trapped ions and neutral atoms both have compelling properties as nodes and memories in a quantum network but have never been photonically linked because of vastly different operating wavelengths. Here, we demonstrate the first interaction between neutral atoms and photons emitted from a single trapped ion. We use slow light in 87Rb vapor to delay photons originating from a trapped 138Ba+ ion by up to 13.5 ± 0.5 ns, using quantum frequency conversion to overcome the frequency difference between the ion and neutral atoms. The delay is tunable and preserves the temporal profile of the photons. This result showcases a hybrid photonic interface usable as a synchronization tool-a critical component in any future large-scale quantum network.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. D. Siverns
- Joint Quantum Institute, IREAP, and Department of Physics, University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - J. Hannegan
- Joint Quantum Institute, IREAP, and Department of Physics, University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Q. Quraishi
- Joint Quantum Institute, IREAP, and Department of Physics, University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA
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Crocker C, Lichtman M, Sosnova K, Carter A, Scarano S, Monroe C. High purity single photons entangled with an atomic qubit. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:28143-28149. [PMID: 31684572 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.028143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trapped atomic ions are an ideal candidate for quantum network nodes, with long-lived identical qubit memories that can be locally entangled through their Coulomb interaction and remotely entangled through photonic channels. The integrity of this photonic interface is generally reliant on the purity of single photons produced by the quantum memory. Here, we demonstrate a single-photon source for quantum networking based on a trapped 138Ba+ ion with a single photon purity of g (2)(0)=(8.1±2.3)×10-5 without background subtraction. We further optimize the tradeoff between the photonic generation rate and the memory-photon entanglement fidelity for the case of polarization photonic qubits by tailoring the spatial mode of the collected light.
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Siverns JD, Li X, Quraishi Q. Ion-photon entanglement and quantum frequency conversion with trapped Ba+ ions: publisher's note. APPLIED OPTICS 2017; 56:2141. [PMID: 28375298 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.002141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This note amends references in the published version of Appl. Opt.56 B222 (2017)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.56.00B222.
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