Busch DR, Choe R, Durduran T, Friedman DH, Baker WB, Maidment AD, Rosen MA, Schnall MD, Yodh AG. Blood flow reduction in breast tissue due to mammographic compression.
Acad Radiol 2014;
21:151-61. [PMID:
24439328 DOI:
10.1016/j.acra.2013.10.009]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES
This study measures hemodynamic properties such as blood flow and hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation in the healthy human breast under a wide range of compressive loads. Because many breast-imaging technologies derive contrast from the deformed breast, these load-dependent vascular responses affect contrast agent-enhanced and hemoglobin-based breast imaging.
METHODS
Diffuse optical and diffuse correlation spectroscopies were used to measure the concentrations of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin, lipid, water, and microvascular blood flow during axial breast compression in the parallel-plate transmission geometry.
RESULTS
Significant reductions (P < .01) in total hemoglobin concentration (∼30%), blood oxygenation (∼20%), and blood flow (∼87%) were observed under applied pressures (forces) of up to 30 kPa (120 N) in 15 subjects. Lipid and water concentrations changed <10%.
CONCLUSIONS
Imaging protocols based on injected contrast agents should account for variation in tissue blood flow due to mammographic compression. Similarly, imaging techniques that depend on endogenous blood contrasts will be affected by breast compression during imaging.
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