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Qian K, Wang Y, Lei Y, Yang Q, Yao C. An experimental and theoretical study on cell swelling for osmotic imbalance induced by electroporation. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 157:108637. [PMID: 38215652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The cellular membrane serves as a pivotal barrier in regulating intra- and extracellular matter exchange. Disruption of this barrier through pulsed electric fields (PEFs) induces the transmembrane transport of ions and molecules, creating a concentration gradient that subsequently results in the imbalance of cellular osmolality. In this study, a multiphysics model was developed to simulate the electromechanical response of cells exposed to microsecond pulsed electric fields (μsPEFs). Within the proposed model, the diffusion coefficient of the cellular membrane for various ions was adjusted based on electropore density. Cellular osmolality was governed and described using Van't Hoff theory, subsequently converted to loop stress to dynamically represent the cell swelling process. Validation of the model was conducted through a hypotonic experiment and simulation at 200 mOsm/kg, revealing a 14.2% increase in the cell's equivalent radius, thereby confirming the feasibility of the cell mechanical model. With the transmembrane transport of ions induced by the applied μsPEF, the hoop stress acting on the cellular membrane reached 179.95 Pa, and the cell equivalent radius increased by 11.0% when the extra-cellular medium was supplied with normal saline. The multiphysics model established in this study accurately predicts the dynamic changes in cell volume resulting from osmotic imbalance induced by PEF action. This model holds theoretical significance, offering valuable references for research on drug delivery and tumor microenvironment modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, No.174 Shazhengjie Road, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yancheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, No.174 Shazhengjie Road, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yizhen Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, No.174 Shazhengjie Road, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, No.174 Shazhengjie Road, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chenguo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, No.174 Shazhengjie Road, Chongqing 400044, China.
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Calin VL, Mihailescu M, Petrescu GE, Lisievici MG, Tarba N, Calin D, Ungureanu VG, Pasov D, Brehar FM, Gorgan RM, Moisescu MG, Savopol T. Grading of glioma tumors using digital holographic microscopy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29897. [PMID: 38694030 PMCID: PMC11061684 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common type of cerebral tumors; they occur with increasing incidence in the last decade and have a high rate of mortality. For efficient treatment, fast accurate diagnostic and grading of tumors are imperative. Presently, the grading of tumors is established by histopathological evaluation, which is a time-consuming procedure and relies on the pathologists' experience. Here we propose a supervised machine learning procedure for tumor grading which uses quantitative phase images of unstained tissue samples acquired by digital holographic microscopy. The algorithm is using an extensive set of statistical and texture parameters computed from these images. The procedure has been able to classify six classes of images (normal tissue and five glioma subtypes) and to distinguish between gliomas types from grades II to IV (with the highest sensitivity and specificity for grade II astrocytoma and grade III oligodendroglioma and very good scores in recognizing grade III anaplastic astrocytoma and grade IV glioblastoma). The procedure bolsters clinical diagnostic accuracy, offering a swift and reliable means of tumor characterization and grading, ultimately the enhancing treatment decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta L. Calin
- Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology Dept., Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
- Excellence Center for Research in Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mona Mihailescu
- Digital Holography Imaging and Processing Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
- Centre for Fundamental Sciences Applied in Engineering, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - George E.D. Petrescu
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 12 Berceni st., 041915, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Gheorghe Lisievici
- Department of Pathology, “Bagdasar Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 12 Berceni st., 041915, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicolae Tarba
- Doctoral School of Automatic Control and Computers, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Calin
- Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology Dept., Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Victor Gabriel Ungureanu
- Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology Dept., Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Pasov
- Department of Pathology, “Bagdasar Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 12 Berceni st., 041915, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Felix M. Brehar
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 12 Berceni st., 041915, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu M. Gorgan
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 12 Berceni st., 041915, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela G. Moisescu
- Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology Dept., Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
- Excellence Center for Research in Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tudor Savopol
- Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology Dept., Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
- Excellence Center for Research in Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474, Bucharest, Romania
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Steelman ZA, Martens S, Tran J, Coker ZN, Sedelnikova A, Kiester AS, O’Connor SP, Ibey BL, Bixler JN. Rapid and precise tracking of water influx and efflux across cell membranes induced by a pulsed electric field. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:1894-1910. [PMID: 37206120 PMCID: PMC10191652 DOI: 10.1364/boe.485627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative measurements of water content within a single cell are notoriously difficult. In this work, we introduce a single-shot optical method for tracking the intracellular water content, by mass and volume, of a single cell at video rate. We utilize quantitative phase imaging and a priori knowledge of a spherical cellular geometry, leveraging a two-component mixture model to compute the intracellular water content. We apply this technique to study CHO-K1 cells responding to a pulsed electric field, which induces membrane permeabilization and rapid water influx or efflux depending upon the osmotic environment. The effects of mercury and gadolinium on water uptake in Jurkat cells following electropermeabilization are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stacey Martens
- Air Force Research Laboratory, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234, USA
| | - Jennifer Tran
- University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | | | | | - Allen S. Kiester
- Air Force Research Laboratory, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234, USA
| | | | - Bennett L. Ibey
- Air Force Research Laboratory, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234, USA
| | - Joel N. Bixler
- Air Force Research Laboratory, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234, USA
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Steelman ZA, Coker ZN, Kiester A, Noojin G, Ibey BL, Bixler JN. Quantitative phase microscopy monitors subcellular dynamics in single cells exposed to nanosecond pulsed electric fields. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202100125. [PMID: 34291579 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A substantial body of literature exists to study the dynamics of single cells exposed to short duration (<1 μs), high peak power (~1 MV/m) transient electric fields. Much of this research is limited to traditional fluorescence-based microscopy techniques, which introduce exogenous agents to the culture and are only sensitive to a single molecular target. Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is a coherent imaging modality which uses optical path length as a label-free contrast mechanism, and has proven highly effective for the study of single-cell dynamics. In this work, we introduce QPI as a useful imaging tool for the study of cells undergoing cytoskeletal remodeling after nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) exposure. In particular, we use cell swelling, dry mass and disorder strength measurements derived from QPI phase images to monitor the cellular response to nsPEFs. We hope this demonstration of QPI's utility will lead to a further adoption of the technique for the study of directed energy bioeffects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Steelman
- National Research Council Research Associateship Program, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Zachary N Coker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- SAIC, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Allen Kiester
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Bioeffects Division, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Bennett L Ibey
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Bioeffects Division, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Joel N Bixler
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Bioeffects Division, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Vicar T, Chmelik J, Jakubicek R, Chmelikova L, Gumulec J, Balvan J, Provaznik I, Kolar R. Self-supervised pretraining for transferable quantitative phase image cell segmentation. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:6514-6528. [PMID: 34745753 PMCID: PMC8547997 DOI: 10.1364/boe.433212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel U-Net-based method for robust adherent cell segmentation for quantitative phase microscopy image is designed and optimised. We designed and evaluated four specific post-processing pipelines. To increase the transferability to different cell types, non-deep learning transfer with adjustable parameters is used in the post-processing step. Additionally, we proposed a self-supervised pretraining technique using nonlabelled data, which is trained to reconstruct multiple image distortions and improved the segmentation performance from 0.67 to 0.70 of object-wise intersection over union. Moreover, we publish a new dataset of manually labelled images suitable for this task together with the unlabelled data for self-supervised pretraining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Vicar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Chmelik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Jakubicek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Larisa Chmelikova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Balvan
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Provaznik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Kolar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
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