Wartak A, Haindl R, Trasischker W, Baumann B, Pircher M, Hitzenberger CK. Active-passive path-length encoded (APPLE) Doppler OCT.
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016;
7:5233-5251. [PMID:
28018739 PMCID:
PMC5175566 DOI:
10.1364/boe.7.005233]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel active-passive path-length encoded (APPLE) swept source Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT) approach, enabling three-dimensional velocity vector reconstruction of moving particles without prior knowledge of the orientation of motion. The developed APPLE DOCT setup allows for non-invasive blood flow measurements in vivo and was primarily designed for quantitative human ocular blood flow investigations. The system's performance was demonstrated by in vitro flow phantom as well as in vivo retinal vessel bifurcation measurements. Furthermore, total retinal blood flow - a biomarker aiding in diagnosis and monitoring of major ocular diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy or central/branch retinal vein occlusion - was determined in the eyes of healthy human volunteers.
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