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Ren B, Chang H, Li C, Wang T, Jin K, Zhang J, Guo K, Su R, Leng J, Zhou P. Coherent beam combining of two all-PM thulium-doped fiber chirped pulse amplifiers. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2024; 17:14. [PMID: 38802674 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-024-00117-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a coherent beam combining (CBC) system that involves two thulium-doped all-polarization maintaining (PM) fiber chirped pulse amplifiers. Through phase-locking the two channels via a fiber stretcher by using the stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm, a maximum average power of 265 W is obtained, with a CBC efficiency of 81% and a residual phase error of λ/17. After de-chirping by a pair of diffraction gratings, the duration of the combined laser pulse is compressed to 690 fs. Taking into account the compression efficiency of 90% and the main peak energy proportion of 91%, the corresponding peak power is calculated to be 4 MW. The laser noise characteristics before and after CBC are examined, and the results indicate that the CBC would degrade the low frequency relative intensity noise (RIN), of which the integration is 1.74% in [100 Hz, 2 MHz] at the maximum combined output power. In addition, the effects of the nonlinear spectrum broadening during chirped pulse amplification on the CBC efficiency are also investigated, showing that a higher extent of pulse stretching is effective in alleviating the spectrum broadening and realizing a higher output power with decent combining efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ren
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Hongxiang Chang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Can Li
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Kaikai Jin
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Kun Guo
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Rongtao Su
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
- Nanhu Laser Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Energy Laser Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Jinyong Leng
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
- Nanhu Laser Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Energy Laser Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Pu Zhou
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China.
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Danilin R, Fedorov V, Martyshkin D, Gafarov O, Mirov S. Spectral narrowing and broadening of Cr:ZnS/Se laser oscillation due to mode competition and spatial hole burning in the gain element. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:12686-12692. [PMID: 37157424 PMCID: PMC10316678 DOI: 10.1364/oe.486474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate the laser characterization of Cr:ZnS/Se polycrystalline gain media in non-selective unpolarized, linearly polarized, and twisted mode cavities. Lasers were based on post-growth diffusion-doped, commercially available antireflective-coated Cr:ZnSe and Cr:ZnS polycrystals with a length of 9 mm. The spectral output of lasers based on these gain elements in non-selective unpolarized and linearly polarized cavities was measured to be broadened to ∼20-50 nm due to the spatial hole burning (SHB) effect. SHB alleviation in the same crystals was realized in the "twisted mode" cavity, with linewidth narrowing to ∼80-90 pm. Both broadened and narrow-line oscillations were captured by adjusting the orientation of intracavity waveplates with respect to facilitated polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rem Danilin
- Department of Physics, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Vladimir Fedorov
- Department of Physics, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Dmitry Martyshkin
- Department of Physics, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ozarfar Gafarov
- Department of Physics, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sergey Mirov
- Department of Physics, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Zhang M, Yin Y, Zhang L, Zhang B, Yang K, He J, Li T. Self-Q-switched Er:Lu 2O 3 laser at 2.74 µm. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:1462-1466. [PMID: 36821305 DOI: 10.1364/ao.481607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A diode-pumped self-Q-switched 2.74 µm Er:Lu2O3 crystal solid-state laser has been experimentally and theoretically studied. Without any additional modulation elements, stable self-Q-switched pulses with a pulse width of 145.3 ns, a repetition rate of 227.8 kHz, and an average output power of 877 mW were generated. Considering the excited-state absorption on the laser photons of the Er:Lu2O3 crystal, we have simulated the dynamic process of self-pulsed generation by solving the rate equations numerically. The simulation results are consistent with the typical characteristics of a Q-switched laser.
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Umakanthan, Mathi M. Decaffeination and improvement of taste, flavor and health safety of coffee and tea using mid-infrared wavelength rays. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Femtosecond tunable solitons up to 4.8 µm using soliton self-frequency shift in an InF 3 fiber. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15898. [PMID: 36151236 PMCID: PMC9508244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19658-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A tunable ultrashort soliton pulse source reaching up to 4.8 µm is demonstrated based on a 2.8 µm femtosecond fiber laser coupled to a zirconium fluoride fiber amplifier followed by a small core indium fluoride fiber. This demonstration is extending by 300 nm the long wavelength limit previously reported with soliton self-frequency shift (SSFS) sources based on fluoride fibers. Our experimental and numerical investigation highlighted the spectral dynamics associated with the generation of highly redshifted pulses in the mid-infrared using SSFS enhanced by soliton fission. This study is intended at providing a better understanding of the potential and limitations of SSFS based tunable femtosecond fiber sources in the 3-5 µm spectral range.
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Generation of 8–20 μm Mid-Infrared Ultrashort Femtosecond Laser Pulses via Difference Frequency Generation. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9060372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mid-infrared (MIR) ultrashort laser pulses have a wide range of applications in the fields of environmental monitoring, laser medicine, food quality control, strong-field physics, attosecond science, and some other aspects. Recent years have seen great developments in MIR laser technologies. Traditional solid-state and fiber lasers focus on the research of the short-wavelength MIR region. However, due to the limitation of the gain medium, they still cannot cover the long-wavelength region from 8 to 20 µm. This paper summarizes the developments of 8–20 μm MIR ultrafast laser generation via difference frequency generation (DFG) and reviews related theoretical models. Finally, the feasibility of MIR power scaling by nonlinear-amplification DFG and methods for measuring the power of DFG-based MIR are analyzed from the author’s perspective.
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Zhang J, Jiang B, Song Y, Xu Y. Surface phonon resonance enhanced Goos-Hänchen shift and its sensing application in the mid-infrared region. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:32973-32982. [PMID: 34809118 DOI: 10.1364/oe.439607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of surface phonon resonance (SPhR) and long range SPhR (LRSPhR) on the Goos-Hänchen shift (GHS) in the mid-infrared wavelength region are investigated. The GHS is significantly enhanced around the resonant angles of SPhR and LRSPhR with the p-polarized incident light. A highly sensitive refractive index sensor based on the enhanced GHS is proposed. The LRSPhR shows higher GHS and sensitivity than those of SPhR. The GHS and refractive index sensitivity can be further enhanced by engineering the damping rate of the phononic material. These results provide a potential route toward the large GHS and high refractive index sensitivity, thus opening up new opportunities for high sensitivity optical sensors based on GHS at the mid-infrared wavelength range.
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Fabrication of a Chalcogenide Glass Microlens Array for Infrared Laser Beam Homogenization. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14205952. [PMID: 34683544 PMCID: PMC8537830 DOI: 10.3390/ma14205952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Infrared (IR) microlens arrays (MLA) have attracted increasing interest for use in infrared micro-optical devices and systems. However, the beam homogenization of IR laser light is relatively difficult to achieve because most materials absorb strongly in the IR wavelength band. In this paper, we present a new method for the application of double-sided quasi-periodic chalcogenide glass (ChG) MLAs to infrared laser homogenization systems. These are non-regular arrays of closely spaced MLAs. The double-sided MLAs were successfully prepared on the ChG surface using a single-pulse femtosecond laser-assisted chemical etching technique and a precision glass molding technique. More than two million close-packed microlenses on the ChG surface were successfully fabricated within 200 min. By taking advantage of ChG’s good optical performance and transmittance (60%) in the infrared wavelength band (1~11 μm), the homogenization of the IR beam was successfully achieved using the ChG quasi-periodic MLA.
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Zheng A, Sun Q, Wang L, Liu M, Zeng C, Wang G, Zhang L, Fan W, Zhao W, Zhang W. Impact of third-order dispersion and three-photon absorption on mid-infrared time magnification via four-wave mixing in Si 0.8Ge 0.2 waveguides. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:1187-1192. [PMID: 32225259 DOI: 10.1364/ao.379232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the influence of third-order dispersion of dispersive elements, three-photon absorption and free-carrier effects on mid-infrared time magnification via four-wave mixing (FWM) in ${{\rm Si}_{0.8}}{{\rm Ge}_{0.2}}$Si0.8Ge0.2 waveguides. It is found that the magnified waveform is seriously distorted by these factors, and conversion efficiency is decreased, mainly because of nonlinear absorption. A time lens based on FWM in ${{\rm Si}_{0.8}}{{\rm Ge}_{0.2}}$Si0.8Ge0.2 waveguides is proposed for time magnification of mid-infrared ultrashort pulses, in which the low-distortion, high-magnification in the time domain could be obtained by optimizing system parameters. These results make it possible to analyze the transient dynamic process through oscilloscopes and detectors with gigahertz bandwidth and have important applications in ultrafast process analysis, optical pulse sampling, and optical communications.
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