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Fan Y, Liu S, Gao E, Guo R, Dong G, Li Y, Gao T, Tang X, Liao H. The LMIT: Light-mediated minimally-invasive theranostics in oncology. Theranostics 2024; 14:341-362. [PMID: 38164160 PMCID: PMC10750201 DOI: 10.7150/thno.87783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Minimally-invasive diagnosis and therapy have gradually become the trend and research hotspot of current medical applications. The integration of intraoperative diagnosis and treatment is a development important direction for real-time detection, minimally-invasive diagnosis and therapy to reduce mortality and improve the quality of life of patients, so called minimally-invasive theranostics (MIT). Light is an important theranostic tool for the treatment of cancerous tissues. Light-mediated minimally-invasive theranostics (LMIT) is a novel evolutionary technology that integrates diagnosis and therapeutics for the less invasive treatment of diseased tissues. Intelligent theranostics would promote precision surgery based on the optical characterization of cancerous tissues. Furthermore, MIT also requires the assistance of smart medical devices or robots. And, optical multimodality lay a solid foundation for intelligent MIT. In this review, we summarize the important state-of-the-arts of optical MIT or LMIT in oncology. Multimodal optical image-guided intelligent treatment is another focus. Intraoperative imaging and real-time analysis-guided optical treatment are also systemically discussed. Finally, the potential challenges and future perspectives of intelligent optical MIT are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Fan
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Shuai Liu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Enze Gao
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Guozhao Dong
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Yangxi Li
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 100084
| | - Tianxin Gao
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Xiaoying Tang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Hongen Liao
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 100084
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Bayhaqi YA, Hamidi A, Navarini AA, Cattin PC, Canbaz F, Zam A. Real-time closed-loop tissue-specific laser osteotomy using deep-learning-assisted optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:2986-3002. [PMID: 37342720 PMCID: PMC10278623 DOI: 10.1364/boe.486660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a real-time noninvasive method for detecting bone and bone marrow in laser osteotomy. This is the first optical coherence tomography (OCT) implementation as an online feedback system for laser osteotomy. A deep-learning model has been trained to identify tissue types during laser ablation with a test accuracy of 96.28 %. For the hole ablation experiments, the average maximum depth of perforation and volume loss was 0.216 mm and 0.077 mm3, respectively. The contactless nature of OCT with the reported performance shows that it is becoming more feasible to utilize it as a real-time feedback system for laser osteotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakub. A. Bayhaqi
- Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Arsham Hamidi
- Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Alexander A. Navarini
- Digital Dermatology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Philippe C. Cattin
- Center for medical Image Analysis and Navigation (CIAN), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Ferda Canbaz
- Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Azhar Zam
- Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
- Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
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Gunalan A, Mattos LS. Towards OCT-Guided Endoscopic Laser Surgery-A Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13040677. [PMID: 36832167 PMCID: PMC9955820 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging technology occupying a unique position in the resolution vs. imaging depth spectrum. It is already well established in the field of ophthalmology, and its application in other fields of medicine is growing. This is motivated by the fact that OCT is a real-time sensing technology with high sensitivity to precancerous lesions in epithelial tissues, which can be exploited to provide valuable information to clinicians. In the prospective case of OCT-guided endoscopic laser surgery, these real-time data will be used to assist surgeons in challenging endoscopic procedures in which high-power lasers are used to eradicate diseases. The combination of OCT and laser is expected to enhance the detection of tumors, the identification of tumor margins, and ensure total disease eradication while avoiding damage to healthy tissue and critical anatomical structures. Therefore, OCT-guided endoscopic laser surgery is an important nascent research area. This paper aims to contribute to this field with a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art technologies that may be exploited as the building blocks for achieving such a system. The paper begins with a review of the principles and technical details of endoscopic OCT, highlighting challenges and proposed solutions. Then, once the state of the art of the base imaging technology is outlined, the new OCT-guided endoscopic laser surgery frontier is reviewed. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion on the constraints, benefits and open challenges associated with this new type of surgical technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Gunalan
- Department of Advanced Robotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering, University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Leonardo S. Mattos
- Department of Advanced Robotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Ali N, Azzuhri SR, Johari MAM, Rashid H, Khudus MIMA, Razak MZA, Chen Z, Misran N, Arsad N. Effects of Tungsten Disulphide Coating on Tapered Microfiber for Relative Humidity Sensing Applications. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21217132. [PMID: 34770442 PMCID: PMC8587630 DOI: 10.3390/s21217132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tungsten disulphide (WS2) is a two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenide material that can be used to improve the sensitivity of a variety of sensing applications. This study investigated the effect of WS2 coating on tapered region microfiber (MF) for relative humidity (RH) sensing applications. The flame brushing technique was used to taper the standard single-mode fiber (SMF) into three different waist diameter sizes of MF 2, 5, and 10 µm, respectively. The MFs were then coated with WS2 via a facile deposition method called the drop-casting technique. Since the MF had a strong evanescent field that allowed fast near-field interaction between the guided light and the environment, depositing WS2 onto the tapered region produced high humidity sensor sensitivity. The experiments were repeated three times to measure the average transmitted power, presenting repeatability and sensing stability. Each MF sample size was tested with varying humidity levels. Furthermore, the coated and non-coated MF performances were compared in the RH range of 45–90% RH at room temperature. It was found that the WS2 coating on 2 µm MF had a high sensitivity of 0.0861 dB/% RH with linearity over 99%. Thus, MF coated with WS2 encourages enhancement in the evanescent field effect in optical fiber humidity sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norazida Ali
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.A.); (H.R.); (N.M.)
| | - Saaidal Razalli Azzuhri
- Department of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and IT, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Md Ashadi Md Johari
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka 76100, Malaysia;
| | - Haroon Rashid
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.A.); (H.R.); (N.M.)
| | | | - Mohd. Zulhakimi Ab. Razak
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia;
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Road Huangpu, District Tianhe, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Norbahiah Misran
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.A.); (H.R.); (N.M.)
| | - Norhana Arsad
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (N.A.); (H.R.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Shevchik S, Nguendon Kenhagho H, Le-Quang T, Faivre N, Meylan B, Guzman R, Cattin PC, Zam A, Wasmer K. Machine learning monitoring for laser osteotomy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000352. [PMID: 33369169 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes a new online monitoring method for an assistance during laser osteotomy. The method allows differentiating the type of ablated tissue and the applied dose of laser energy. The setup analyzes the laser-induced acoustic emission, detected by an airborne microphone sensor. The analysis of the acoustic signals is carried out using a machine learning algorithm that is pre-trained in a supervised manner. The efficiency of the method is experimentally evaluated with several types of tissues, which are: skin, fat, muscle, and bone. Several cutting-edge machine learning frameworks are tested for the comparison with the resulting classification accuracy in the range of 84-99%. It is shown that the datasets for the training of the machine learning algorithms are easy to collect in real-life conditions. In the future, this method could assist the doctors during laser osteotomy, minimizing the damage of the nearby healthy tissues and provide cleaner pathologic tissue removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Shevchik
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Thun, Switzerland
| | - Hervé Nguendon Kenhagho
- Biomedical Laser and Optics Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Tri Le-Quang
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Thun, Switzerland
| | - Neige Faivre
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Thun, Switzerland
| | - Bastian Meylan
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Thun, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Guzman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philippe C Cattin
- Center for medical Image Analysis and Navigation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Azhar Zam
- Biomedical Laser and Optics Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Kilian Wasmer
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Thun, Switzerland
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Jivraj J, Chen C, Barrows D, Gu X, Yang VXD. Optimization of laser osteotomy at 1064 nm using a graphite topical absorber and a nitrogen assist gas jet. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:3114-3123. [PMID: 31467772 PMCID: PMC6706023 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.003114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Laser ablation of bone for the purposes of osteotomy is not as well understood as ablation of homogeneous, non-biological materials such as metals and plastics. Ignition times and etch rate can vary during ablation of cortical bone. In this study, we propose the use of two techniques to optimize bone ablation at 1064nm using a coaxial nitrogen jet as an assist gas and topical application of graphite as a highly absorbing chromophore. We show a two order of magnitude reduction in mean time to ignition and variance by using the graphite topical chromophore. We also show that an increase in volumetric flow rate of the assist gas jet does show an initial increase in etch rate, but increased pressure beyond a certain point shows decreased return. This study also demonstrates a 2 nd order relationship between exposure time, volumetric flow rate of nitrogen, and etch rate of cortical bone. The results of this study can be used to optimize the performance of laser ablation systems for osteotomy. This is a companion study to an earlier one carried out by Wong et al. [Biomedical Opt. Express6, 1 (2015)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Jivraj
- Biophotonics and Bioengineering Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chaoliang Chen
- Biophotonics and Bioengineering Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Xijia Gu
- Fiber Optics Communications and Sensing Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victor X D Yang
- Biophotonics and Bioengineering Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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