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Cawley J, Berger BA, Odudimu AT, Singh AN, Santa DE, McDarby AI, Honerkamp-Smith AR, Wittenberg NJ. Imaging Giant Vesicle Membrane Domains with a Luminescent Europium Tetracycline Complex. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:29314-29323. [PMID: 37599986 PMCID: PMC10433515 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Microdomains in lipid bilayer membranes are routinely imaged using organic fluorophores that preferentially partition into one of the lipid phases, resulting in fluorescence contrast. Here, we show that membrane microdomains in giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) can be visualized with europium luminescence using a complex of europium III (Eu3+) and tetracycline (EuTc). EuTc is unlike typical organic lipid probes in that it is a coordination complex with a unique excitation/emission wavelength combination (396/617 nm), a very large Stokes shift (221 nm), and a very narrow emission bandwidth (8 nm). The probe preferentially interacts with liquid disordered domains in GUVs, which results in intensity contrast across the surface of phase-separated GUVs. Interestingly, EuTc also alters GM1 ganglioside partitioning. GM1 typically partitions into liquid ordered domains, but after labeling phase-separated GUVs with EuTc, cholera toxin B-subunit (CTxB), which binds GM1, labels liquid disordered domains. We also demonstrate that EuTc, but not free Eu3+ or Tc, significantly reduces lipid diffusion coefficients. Finally, we show that EuTc can be used to label cellular membranes similar to a traditional membrane probe. EuTc may find utility as a membrane imaging probe where its large Stokes shift and sharp emission band would enable multicolor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie
L. Cawley
- Department
of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Brett A. Berger
- Department
of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Adeyemi T. Odudimu
- Department
of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Aarshi N. Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Dane E. Santa
- Department
of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Ariana I. McDarby
- Department
of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Aurelia R. Honerkamp-Smith
- Department
of Physics, Lehigh University, 17 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Nathan J. Wittenberg
- Department
of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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Deng Q, Liu Y, Zhu Z, Shu X. Microsecond-resolved smartphone time-gated luminescence spectroscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:3427-3430. [PMID: 35838696 DOI: 10.1364/ol.467458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Time-gated luminescence spectra are usually measured by laboratory instruments equipped with high-speed excitation sources and spectrometers, which are always bulky and expensive. To reduce the reliance on expensive laboratory instruments, we demonstrate the first, to the best of our knowledge, use of a smartphone for the detection of time-gated luminescence spectra. A mechanical chopper is used as the detection shutter and an optical switch is placed at the edge of the wheel to convert the chopping signal into a transistor-transistor logic (TTL) signal which is used to control the excitation source and achieve synchronization. The time-gated luminescence spectra at different delay times of Eu(TTA)3 powder and the solutions of Eu-tetracycline complex are successfully detected with a temporal resolution of tens of microseconds by the proposed approach. We believe our approach offers a route toward portable instruments for the measurement of luminescence spectra and lifetimes.
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Detection and Real-Time Monitoring of LDL-Cholesterol by Redox-Free Impedimetric Biosensors. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-022-00058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Investigation of the Europium Emission Spectra of the Europium-Oxytetracycline Complex in the Presence of Human Low-Density Lipoproteins. J Fluoresc 2010; 21:887-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-010-0602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Enhancement on the Europium emission band of Europium chlortetracycline complex in the presence of LDL. Anal Biochem 2010; 400:19-24. [PMID: 20117070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Revised: 12/29/2009] [Accepted: 01/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles are the major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein in the human circulation from the liver to peripheral tissues. High levels of LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C) are known risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). The most common approach to determine the LDL-C in the clinical laboratory involves the Friedewald formula. However, in certain situations, this approach is inadequate. In this paper we report on the enhancement on the Europium emission band of Europium chlortetracycline complex (CTEu) in the presence of LDL. The emission intensity at 615 nm of the CTEu increases with increasing amounts of LDL. This phenomenon allowed us to propose a method to determine the LDL concentration in a sample composed by an aqueous solution of LDL. With this result we obtained LDL calibration curve, LOD (limit of detection) of 0.49 mg/mL and SD (standard deviation) of 0.003. We observed that CTEu complex provides a wider dynamic concentration-range for LDL determination than that from Eu-tetracycline previously. The averaged emission lifetimes of the CTEu and CTEu with LDL (1.5 mg/mL) complexes were measured as 15 and 46 micros, respectively. Study with some metallic interferents is presented.
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De Oliveira Silva FR, Monteiro AM, Neto AMF, Gidlund M, Junior NDV, Courrol LC. Analytical quantification of low-density lipoprotein using europium tetracycline indicator. LUMINESCENCE 2009; 24:189-93. [PMID: 19291808 DOI: 10.1002/bio.1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is known as 'bad' cholesterol. If too much LDL circulates in the blood it can be retained in the walls of the arteries, causing atherosclerosis. In this paper we showed an alternative method to quantify LDL using the europium tetracycline (EuTc) indicator. The optical properties of the EuTc complex were investigated in aqueous solutions containing LDL. An enhancement was observed of the europium luminescence in the solutions with LDL compared those without the lipoprotein. A method to quantify the amount of LDL in a sample, based on EuTc enhanced luminescence, is proposed. The enhancement mechanism is also discussed.
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Optical Properties of Metacycline, Oxytetracycline and Chlortetracycline Europium Complexes in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide. J Fluoresc 2009; 19:715-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-009-0465-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Silva FRDO, Samad RE, Gomes L, Courrol LC. Enhancement of Europium Emission Band of Europium Tetracycline Complex in the Presence of Cholesterol. J Fluoresc 2007; 18:169-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-007-0260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Accepted: 09/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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