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Poudel C, Mela I, Kaminski CF. High-throughput, multi-parametric, and correlative fluorescence lifetime imaging. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2020; 8:024005. [PMID: 32028271 PMCID: PMC8208541 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab7364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss methods and advancements in fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy that permit measurements to be performed at faster speed and higher resolution than previously possible. We review fast single-photon timing technologies and the use of parallelized detection schemes to enable high-throughput and high content imaging applications. We appraise different technological implementations of fluorescence lifetime imaging, primarily in the time-domain. We also review combinations of fluorescence lifetime with other imaging modalities to capture multi-dimensional and correlative information from a single sample. Throughout the review, we focus on applications in biomedical research. We conclude with a critical outlook on current challenges and future opportunities in this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Poudel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology,
Philippa Fawcett Drive, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United
Kingdom
| | - Ioanna Mela
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology,
Philippa Fawcett Drive, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United
Kingdom
| | - Clemens F Kaminski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology,
Philippa Fawcett Drive, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United
Kingdom
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2
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Vinegoni C, Feruglio PF, Gryczynski I, Mazitschek R, Weissleder R. Fluorescence anisotropy imaging in drug discovery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 151-152:262-288. [PMID: 29410158 PMCID: PMC6072632 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive measurement of drug-target engagement can provide critical insights in the molecular pharmacology of small molecule drugs. Fluorescence polarization/fluorescence anisotropy measurements are commonly employed in protein/cell screening assays. However, the expansion of such measurements to the in vivo setting has proven difficult until recently. With the advent of high-resolution fluorescence anisotropy microscopy it is now possible to perform kinetic measurements of intracellular drug distribution and target engagement in commonly used mouse models. In this review we discuss the background, current advances and future perspectives in intravital fluorescence anisotropy measurements to derive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic measurements in single cells and whole organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Vinegoni
- Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Paolo Fumene Feruglio
- Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ignacy Gryczynski
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Zolmajd-Haghighi Z, Hanley QS. WhenR > 0.8R0: fluorescence anisotropy, non-additive intensity, and cluster size. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2016; 4:024006. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/4/2/024006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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4
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Ungvári T, Gogolák P, Bagdány M, Damjanovich L, Bene L. Perrin and Förster unified: Dual-laser triple-polarization FRET (3polFRET) for interactions at the Förster-distance and beyond. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:703-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Popleteeva M, Haas KT, Stoppa D, Pancheri L, Gasparini L, Kaminski CF, Cassidy LD, Venkitaraman AR, Esposito A. Fast and simple spectral FLIM for biochemical and medical imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:23511-25. [PMID: 26368450 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.023511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Spectrally resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (λFLIM) has powerful potential for biochemical and medical imaging applications. However, long acquisition times, low spectral resolution and complexity of λFLIM often narrow its use to specialized laboratories. Therefore, we demonstrate here a simple spectral FLIM based on a solid-state detector array providing in-pixel histrogramming and delivering faster acquisition, larger dynamic range, and higher spectral elements than state-of-the-art λFLIM. We successfully apply this novel microscopy system to biochemical and medical imaging demonstrating that solid-state detectors are a key strategic technology to enable complex assays in biomedical laboratories and the clinic.
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When one plus one does not equal two: fluorescence anisotropy in aggregates and multiply labeled proteins. Biophys J 2014; 106:1457-66. [PMID: 24703307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The behavior of fluorescence anisotropy and polarization in systems with multiple dyes is well known. Homo-FRET and its consequent energy migration cause the fluorescence anisotropy to decrease as the number of like fluorophores within energy transfer distance increases. This behavior is well understood when all subunits within a cluster are saturated with fluorophores. However, incomplete labeling as might occur from a mixture of endogenous and labeled monomer units, incomplete saturation of binding sites, or photobleaching produces stochastic mixtures. Models in widespread and longstanding use that describe these mixtures apply an assumption of equal fluorescence efficiency for all sites first stated by Weber and Daniel in 1966. The assumption states that fluorophores have the same brightness when free in solution as they do in close proximity to each other in a cluster. The assumption simplifies descriptions of anisotropy trends as the fractional labeling of the cluster changes. However, fluorophores in close proximity often exhibit nonadditivity due to such things as self-quenching behavior or exciplex formation. Therefore, the anisotropy of stochastic mixtures of fluorophore clusters of a particular size will depend on the behavior of those fluorophores in clusters. We present analytical expressions for fractionally labeled clusters exhibiting a range of behaviors, and experimental results from two systems: an assembled tetrameric cluster of fluorescent proteins and stochastically labeled bovine serum albumin containing up to 24 fluorophores. The experimental results indicate that clustered species do not follow the assumption of equal fluorescence efficiency in the systems studied with clustered fluorophores showing reduced fluorescence intensity. Application of the assumption of equal fluorescence efficiency will underpredict anisotropy and consequently underestimate cluster size in these two cases. The theoretical results indicate that careful selection of the fractional labeling in strongly quenched systems will enhance opportunities to determine cluster sizes, making accessible larger clusters than are currently considered possible.
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Erdelyi M, Simon J, Barnard EA, Kaminski CF. Analyzing receptor assemblies in the cell membrane using fluorescence anisotropy imaging with TIRF microscopy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100526. [PMID: 24945870 PMCID: PMC4063901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling within and between animal cells is controlled by the many receptor proteins in their membrane. They variously operate as trans-membrane monomers and homo- or hetero-dimers, and may assemble with ion-channels: analyses thereof are needed in studies of receptor actions in tissue physiology and pathology. Interactions between membrane proteins are detectable when pre-labeled with fluorophores, but a much fuller analysis is achievable via advanced optical techniques on living cells. In this context, the measurement of polarization anisotropy in the emitted fluorescence has been the least exploited. Here we demonstrate its methodology and particular advantages in the study of receptor protein assembly. Through excitation in both TIRF and EPI fluorescence illumination modes we are able to quantify and suppress contributions to the signal from extraneous intra-cellular fluorescence, and we show that the loss of fluorescence-polarization measured in membrane proteins reports on receptor protein assembly in real time. Receptor monomers and homo-dimers in the cell membrane can be analyzed quantitatively and for homo-dimers only a single fluorescent marker is needed, thus suppressing ambiguities that arise in alternative assays, which require multiple label moieties and which are thus subject to stoichiometric uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklos Erdelyi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Joseph Simon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Eric A. Barnard
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Fluorescence can be characterized by its intensity, position, wavelength, lifetime, and polarization. The more of these features are acquired in a single measurement, the more can be learned about the sample, i.e., the microenvironment of the fluorescence probe. Polarization-resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging-time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy imaging, TR-FAIM-allows mapping of viscosity or binding or of homo-FRET which can indicate dimerization or generally oligomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Suhling
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London, UK
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Esposito A, Popleteeva M, Venkitaraman AR. Maximizing the biochemical resolving power of fluorescence microscopy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77392. [PMID: 24204821 PMCID: PMC3810478 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most recent advances in fluorescence microscopy have focused on achieving spatial resolutions below the diffraction limit. However, the inherent capability of fluorescence microscopy to non-invasively resolve different biochemical or physical environments in biological samples has not yet been formally described, because an adequate and general theoretical framework is lacking. Here, we develop a mathematical characterization of the biochemical resolution in fluorescence detection with Fisher information analysis. To improve the precision and the resolution of quantitative imaging methods, we demonstrate strategies for the optimization of fluorescence lifetime, fluorescence anisotropy and hyperspectral detection, as well as different multi-dimensional techniques. We describe optimized imaging protocols, provide optimization algorithms and describe precision and resolving power in biochemical imaging thanks to the analysis of the general properties of Fisher information in fluorescence detection. These strategies enable the optimal use of the information content available within the limited photon-budget typically available in fluorescence microscopy. This theoretical foundation leads to a generalized strategy for the optimization of multi-dimensional optical detection, and demonstrates how the parallel detection of all properties of fluorescence can maximize the biochemical resolving power of fluorescence microscopy, an approach we term Hyper Dimensional Imaging Microscopy (HDIM). Our work provides a theoretical framework for the description of the biochemical resolution in fluorescence microscopy, irrespective of spatial resolution, and for the development of a new class of microscopes that exploit multi-parametric detection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Esposito
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Popleteeva
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ashok R. Venkitaraman
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Multi-color quantum dot tracking using a high-speed hyperspectral line-scanning microscope. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64320. [PMID: 23717596 PMCID: PMC3661486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cellular signaling processes are initiated by dimerization or oligomerization of membrane proteins. However, since the spatial scale of these interactions is below the diffraction limit of the light microscope, the dynamics of these interactions have been difficult to study on living cells. We have developed a novel high-speed hyperspectral microscope (HSM) to perform single particle tracking of up to 8 spectrally distinct species of quantum dots (QDs) at 27 frames per second. The distinct emission spectra of the QDs allows localization with ∼10 nm precision even when the probes are clustered at spatial scales below the diffraction limit. The capabilities of the HSM are demonstrated here by application of multi-color single particle tracking to observe membrane protein behavior, including: 1) dynamic formation and dissociation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor dimers; 2) resolving antigen induced aggregation of the high affinity IgE receptor, FcεR1; 3) four color QD tracking while simultaneously visualizing GFP-actin; and 4) high-density tracking for fast diffusion mapping.
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12
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Pinotsi D, Buell AK, Dobson CM, Kaminski Schierle GS, Kaminski CF. A label-free, quantitative assay of amyloid fibril growth based on intrinsic fluorescence. Chembiochem 2013; 14:846-50. [PMID: 23592254 PMCID: PMC3790954 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic assay of seeded growth: The graph shows the variation in intrinsic fluorescence intensity of amyloid fibrils. Fluorescence increases during the seeded aggregation of α-synuclein seeds with α-synuclein monomeric protein (blue curve) but not when α-synuclein seeds are incubated with β-synuclein monomeric protein (black curve), thus showing that no seeded growth occurred in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Pinotsi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3RA, UK
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14
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Arsov Z, Urbančič I, Garvas M, Biglino D, Ljubetič A, Koklič T, Štrancar J. Fluorescence microspectroscopy as a tool to study mechanism of nanoparticles delivery into living cancer cells. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 2:2083-2095. [PMID: 21833349 PMCID: PMC3149510 DOI: 10.1364/boe.2.2083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Lack of better understanding of nanoparticles targeted delivery into cancer cells calls for advanced optical microscopy methodologies. Here we present a development of fluorescence microspectroscopy (spectral imaging) based on a white light spinning disk confocal microscope with emission wavelength selection by a liquid crystal tunable filter. Spectral contrasting of images was used to localize polymer nanoparticles and cell membranes labeled with fluorophores that have substantially overlapping spectra. In addition, fluorescence microspectroscopy enabled spatially-resolved detection of small but significant effects of local molecular environment on the properties of environment-sensitive fluorescent probe. The observed spectral shift suggests that the delivery of suitably composed cancerostatic alkylphospholipid nanoparticles into living cancer cells might rely on the fusion with plasma cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Arsov
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Solid State Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center of Excellence NAMASTE, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Solid State Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Garvas
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Solid State Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Daniele Biglino
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Solid State Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center of Excellence NAMASTE, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ajasja Ljubetič
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Solid State Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tilen Koklič
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Solid State Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center of Excellence NAMASTE, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Štrancar
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Solid State Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center of Excellence NAMASTE, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Palero JA, Bader AN, de Bruijn HS, der Ploeg van den Heuvel AV, Sterenborg HJCM, Gerritsen HC. In vivo monitoring of protein-bound and free NADH during ischemia by nonlinear spectral imaging microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 2:1030-9. [PMID: 21559117 PMCID: PMC3087562 DOI: 10.1364/boe.2.001030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear spectral imaging microscopy (NSIM) allows simultaneous morphological and spectroscopic investigation of intercellular events within living animals. In this study we used NSIM for in vivo time-lapse in-depth spectral imaging and monitoring of protein-bound and free reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in mouse keratinocytes following total acute ischemia for 3.3 h at ~3 min time intervals. The high spectral resolution of NSIM images allows discrimination between the two-photon excited fluorescence emission of protein-bound and free NAD(P)H by applying linear spectral unmixing to the spectral image data. Results reveal the difference in the dynamic response between protein-bound and free NAD(P)H to ischemia-induced hypoxia/anoxia. Our results demonstrate the capability of nonlinear spectral imaging microscopy in unraveling dynamic cellular metabolic events within living animals for long periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Palero
- Molecular BioPhysics, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Currently with ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Arjen N. Bader
- Molecular BioPhysics, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henriëtte S. de Bruijn
- Department of Radiation Oncology,Center of Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Erasmus Medical Center,3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Henricus J. C. M. Sterenborg
- Department of Radiation Oncology,Center of Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Erasmus Medical Center,3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans C. Gerritsen
- Molecular BioPhysics, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
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