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Blaicher M, Billah MR, Kemal J, Hoose T, Marin-Palomo P, Hofmann A, Kutuvantavida Y, Kieninger C, Dietrich PI, Lauermann M, Wolf S, Troppenz U, Moehrle M, Merget F, Skacel S, Witzens J, Randel S, Freude W, Koos C. Hybrid multi-chip assembly of optical communication engines by in situ 3D nano-lithography. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:71. [PMID: 32351695 PMCID: PMC7184737 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-0272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) nano-printing of freeform optical waveguides, also referred to as photonic wire bonding, allows for efficient coupling between photonic chips and can greatly simplify optical system assembly. As a key advantage, the shape and the trajectory of photonic wire bonds can be adapted to the mode-field profiles and the positions of the chips, thereby offering an attractive alternative to conventional optical assembly techniques that rely on technically complex and costly high-precision alignment. However, while the fundamental advantages of the photonic wire bonding concept have been shown in proof-of-concept experiments, it has so far been unclear whether the technique can also be leveraged for practically relevant use cases with stringent reproducibility and reliability requirements. In this paper, we demonstrate optical communication engines that rely on photonic wire bonding for connecting arrays of silicon photonic modulators to InP lasers and single-mode fibres. In a first experiment, we show an eight-channel transmitter offering an aggregate line rate of 448 Gbit/s by low-complexity intensity modulation. A second experiment is dedicated to a four-channel coherent transmitter, operating at a net data rate of 732.7 Gbit/s - a record for coherent silicon photonic transmitters with co-packaged lasers. Using dedicated test chips, we further demonstrate automated mass production of photonic wire bonds with insertion losses of (0.7 ± 0.15) dB, and we show their resilience in environmental-stability tests and at high optical power. These results might form the basis for simplified assembly of advanced photonic multi-chip systems that combine the distinct advantages of different integration platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Blaicher
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Microstructure Technology (IMT), KIT, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Muhammad Rodlin Billah
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Microstructure Technology (IMT), KIT, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Juned Kemal
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tobias Hoose
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Microstructure Technology (IMT), KIT, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Pablo Marin-Palomo
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas Hofmann
- Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), KIT, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Yasar Kutuvantavida
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Microstructure Technology (IMT), KIT, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Clemens Kieninger
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Microstructure Technology (IMT), KIT, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Philipp-Immanuel Dietrich
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Microstructure Technology (IMT), KIT, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Vanguard Automation GmbH, Gablonzer Straße 10, 76185 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthias Lauermann
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Vanguard Automation GmbH, Gablonzer Straße 10, 76185 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Wolf
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ute Troppenz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute (HHI), Einsteinufer 37, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Moehrle
- Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute (HHI), Einsteinufer 37, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Merget
- Institute of Integrated Photonics (IPH), RWTH Aachen, Sommerfeldstraße 18/24, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Skacel
- Vanguard Automation GmbH, Gablonzer Straße 10, 76185 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jeremy Witzens
- Institute of Integrated Photonics (IPH), RWTH Aachen, Sommerfeldstraße 18/24, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Randel
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Freude
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christian Koos
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics (IPQ), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 5, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Microstructure Technology (IMT), KIT, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Vanguard Automation GmbH, Gablonzer Straße 10, 76185 Karlsruhe, Germany
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