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Fujiie T, Hino M, Hosobata T, Ichikawa G, Kitaguchi M, Mishima K, Seki Y, Shimizu HM, Yamagata Y. Development of Neutron Interferometer Using Multilayer Mirrors and Measurements of Neutron-Nuclear Scattering Length with Pulsed Neutron Source. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:023402. [PMID: 38277600 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.023402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
This study entailed the successful deployment of a novel neutron interferometer that utilizes multilayer mirrors. The apparatus facilitates a precise evaluation of the wavelength dependence of interference fringes utilizing a pulsed neutron source. Our interferometer achieved an impressive precision of 0.02 rad within a 20-min recording time. Compared to systems using silicon crystals, the measurement sensitivity was maintained even when using a simplified disturbance suppressor. By segregating beam paths entirely, we achieved successful measurements of neutron-nuclear scattering lengths across various samples. The values measured for Si, Al, and Ti were in agreement with those found in the literature, while V showed a disparity of 45%. This discrepancy may be attributable to impurities encountered in previous investigations. The accuracy of measurements can be enhanced further by mitigating systematic uncertainties that are associated with neutron wavelength, sample impurity, and thickness. This novel neutron interferometer enables us to measure fundamental parameters, such as the neutron-nuclear scattering length of materials, with a precision that surpasses that of conventional interferometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuhiro Fujiie
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furocho Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Aichi, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hino
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2, Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori, Sennan-gun 590-0494, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Hosobata
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Go Ichikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
- J-PARC Center, 2-4 Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitaguchi
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furocho Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Aichi, Japan
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
- Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Furocho Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenji Mishima
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
- J-PARC Center, 2-4 Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Seki
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hirohiko M Shimizu
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furocho Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Aichi, Japan
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamagata
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
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Yamada NL, Hosobata T, Nemoto F, Hori K, Hino M, Izumi J, Suzuki K, Hirayama M, Kanno R, Yamagata Y. Application of precise neutron focusing mirrors for neutron reflectometry: latest results and future prospects. J Appl Crystallogr 2020; 53:1462-1470. [PMID: 33304223 PMCID: PMC7710489 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576720013059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A large-area focusing supermirror manufactured with ultra-precision machining has been employed at the SOFIA reflectometer at the J-PARC Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility, and a gain of approximately 100% in the neutron flux was achieved. For future upgrade, optics using the focusing mirror for multi-incident-angle neutron reflectometry are proposed, in order to reveal evolutions of interfacial structures for operando measurements with a wide reciprocal space. Neutron reflectometry (NR) is a powerful tool for providing insight into the evolution of interfacial structures, for example via operando measurements for electrode–electrolyte interfaces, with a spatial resolution of nanometres. The time resolution of NR, which ranges from seconds to minutes depending on the reflection intensity, unfortunately remains low, particularly for small samples made of state-of-the-art materials even with the latest neutron reflectometers. To overcome this problem, a large-area focusing supermirror manufactured with ultra-precision machining has been employed to enhance the neutron flux at the sample, and a gain of approximately 100% in the neutron flux was achieved. Using this mirror, a reflectivity measurement was performed on a thin cathode film on an SrTiO3 substrate in contact with an electrolyte with a small area of 15 × 15 mm. The reflectivity data obtained with the focusing mirror were consistent with those without the mirror, but the acquisition time was shortened to half that of the original, which is an important milestone for rapid measurements with a limited reciprocal space. Furthermore, a method for further upgrades that will reveal the structural evolution with a wide reciprocal space is proposed, by applying this mirror for multi-incident-angle neutron reflectometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norifumi L Yamada
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan.,Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility, Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Takuya Hosobata
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Fumiya Nemoto
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8686, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hori
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan.,Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd, Kobe, Hyogo 651-0071, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hino
- Kyoto University Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kumatori, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Jun Izumi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Kota Suzuki
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan.,All-Solid-State Battery Unit, Institute of Innovation Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masaaki Hirayama
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan.,All-Solid-State Battery Unit, Institute of Innovation Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kanno
- All-Solid-State Battery Unit, Institute of Innovation Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamagata
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Cremer JT, Filter H, Klepp J, Geltenbort P, Dewhurst C, Oda T, Pantell RH. Focusing and imaging of cold neutrons with a permanent magnetic lens. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:013704. [PMID: 32012524 DOI: 10.1063/1.5116759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports imaging of objects with slow neutrons, specifically very cold neutrons and cold neutrons, at Institut Laue Langevin, using novel, permanent magnet (Nd2Fe14B) compound refractive lenses (MCRL) with a large 2.5 cm bore diameter. The MCRL focuses and images spin-up neutrons and defocuses spin-down neutrons via a large, radial magnetic field gradient. A single lens neutron microscope, composed of an MCRL objective lens with 2-fold magnification, was tested using very cold (slow) neutrons at 45 Å wavelength. One-to-one imaging was obtained using 16.7 Å polarized neutrons. The magnetic field gradient of the MCRL was measured by raster-scanned pencil beams on D33. Finally, a compound neutron microscope was realized using an MCRL condenser lens, which provided increased illumination of objects, and an MCRL as objective lens to produce 3.5-fold magnification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay T Cremer
- Adelphi Technology, Inc., 2003 East Bayshore Road, Redwood City, California 94063-4121, USA
| | - Hanno Filter
- Physics Department, Technical University Munich, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jürgen Klepp
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanng. 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Geltenbort
- Nuclear and Particle Physics Group, Institut Laue Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Charles Dewhurst
- Institut Laue-Langevin, B.P. 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Tatsuro Oda
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto University, Kumatori, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Richard H Pantell
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, 350 Serra Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Hosobata T, Yamada NL, Hino M, Yoshinaga H, Nemoto F, Hori K, Kawai T, Yamagata Y, Takeda M, Takeda S. Elliptic neutron-focusing supermirror for illuminating small samples in neutron reflectometry. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:26807-26820. [PMID: 31674555 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.026807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper details the development of a precise assembly of two supermirrors for neutron-focusing, designed for installation in neutron reflectometer SOFIA at BL16 in J-PARC MLF to intensify the illumination for small samples. The supermirrors are sputtered on two metal substrates, whose surfaces are coated with amorphous Ni-P plating, and are figured by diamond cutting and polished to subnanometer roughness. Special care is taken while polishing the substrates to reduce waviness and surface roughness for achieving a sharp focusing spot and uniform neutron reflectivity. The supermirror could converge the neutrons into a focal spot with a width of 0.13 mm in the full width at half maximum.
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Yamada M, Filges U, Hosobata T, Yamagata Y, Rantsiou E. Adaptive focusing optics for extreme conditions. JOURNAL OF NEUTRON RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/jnr-180092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masako Yamada
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland. E-mails: , ,
| | - Uwe Filges
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland. E-mails: , ,
| | - Takuya Hosobata
- Riken Center for Advanced Photonics, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. E-mails: ,
| | - Yutaka Yamagata
- Riken Center for Advanced Photonics, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. E-mails: ,
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