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Yang Z, Zhang L, Liu T, Wang H, Tang Z, Zhao H, Yuan L, Zhang Z, Liu X. Alternating projection combined with fast gradient projection (FGP-AP) method for intensity-only measurement optical diffraction tomography in LED array microscopy. Biomed Opt Express 2024; 15:2524-2542. [PMID: 38633101 PMCID: PMC11019679 DOI: 10.1364/boe.518955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) is a powerful label-free measurement tool that can quantitatively image the three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI) distribution of samples. However, the inherent "missing cone problem," limited illumination angles, and dependence on intensity-only measurements in a simplified imaging setup can all lead to insufficient information mapping in the Fourier domain, affecting 3D reconstruction results. In this paper, we propose the alternating projection combined with the fast gradient projection (FGP-AP) method to compensate for the above problem, which effectively reconstructs the 3D RI distribution of samples using intensity-only images captured from LED array microscopy. The FGP-AP method employs the alternating projection (AP) algorithm for gradient descent and the fast gradient projection (FGP) algorithm for regularization constraints. This approach is equivalent to incorporating prior knowledge of sample non-negativity and smoothness into the 3D reconstruction process. Simulations demonstrate that the FGP-AP method improves reconstruction quality compared to the original AP method, particularly in the presence of noise. Experimental results, obtained from mouse kidney cells and label-free blood cells, further affirm the superior 3D imaging efficacy of the FGP-AP method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Tong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zhiyuan Tang
- Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Li Yuan
- First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710049, China
| | - Zhenxi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Provincey, Fuzhou 350025, China
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Zhang L, Wang H, Liu J, Chen S, Yang H, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Yuan L, Tian L, Zhong B, Liu X. Scattering Inversion Study for Suspended Label-Free Lymphocytes with Complex Fine Structures. BME Front 2022; 2022:9867373. [PMID: 37850176 PMCID: PMC10521707 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9867373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective and Impact Statement. Distinguishing malignant lymphocytes from normal ones is vital in pathological examination. We proposed an inverse light scattering (ILS) method for label-free suspended lymphocytes with complex fine structures to identify their volumes for pathological state. Introduction. Light scattering as cell's "fingerprint" provides valuable morphology information closely related to its biophysical states. However, the detail relationships between the morphology with complex fine structures and its scattering characters are not fully understood. Methods. To quantitatively inverse the volumes of membrane and nucleus as the main scatterers, clinical lymphocyte morphologies were modeled combining the Gaussian random sphere geometry algorithm by 750 reconstructed results after confocal scanning, which allowed the accurate simulation to solve ILS problem. For complex fine structures, the specificity for ILS study was firstly discussed (to our knowledge) considering the differences of not only surface roughness, posture, but also the ratio of nucleus to the cytoplasm and refractive index. Results. The volumes of membrane and nucleus were proved theoretically to have good linear relationship with the effective area and entropy of forward scattering images. Their specificity deviations were less than 3.5%. Then, our experimental results for microsphere and clinical leukocytes showed the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients (PPMCC) of this linear relationship were up to 0.9830~0.9926. Conclusion. Our scattering inversion method could be effectively applied to identify suspended label-free lymphocytes without destructive sample pretreatments and complex experimental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Jianyi Liu
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - He Yang
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zewen Yang
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zhenxi Zhang
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Lifang Tian
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Xi’an Jiaotong University, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350025, China
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