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Vaishnavi Nalla S, Jayapradha P, Lalruatmawii, Nandheeswari K, Naxine P, Vigneshwaran G, Rohilla G, Dubey I, Kushwaha S. Irisin as an emerging target in the regulation of reproductive functions in health and disease. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 353:114529. [PMID: 38643847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Germ cells are highly conserved in the gonads, nurtured to either develop into a gamete or self-renew into a stem cell reserve. Preserving the germ cell pool and protecting the reproductive organs is essential for maintaining an individual's fertility. Several factors, including a sedentary lifestyle, pollutants, hormonal disruption, drugs, and a disease condition, have been shown to impair normal reproductive function. Irisin has recently been identified as an adipomyokine involved in modulating physiological functions based on the body's metabolic status. It is being studied for its role in various functions, including fertility. Findings show the localization of irisin in various parts of the reproductive axis, with the highest levels observed during puberty and pregnancy. This raises questions about its role and function in reproduction. Studies support irisin's role in protecting against disease-induced reproductive abnormalities and infertility. Therefore, the current review focuses on how irisin influences spermatogenesis and ovarian follicular development and plays a significant role in indirectly preserving the germ cell pool by protecting the gonads against oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sree Vaishnavi Nalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - P Jayapradha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - Lalruatmawii
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - K Nandheeswari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - Pratik Naxine
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - G Vigneshwaran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - Gaurav Rohilla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - Itishree Dubey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - Sapana Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India.
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Zhao Y, Pang J, Fang X, Yan Z, Yang H, Deng Q, Ma T, Lv M, Li Y, Tu Z, Zou L. Causal relationships between modifiable risk factors and polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1348368. [PMID: 38779450 PMCID: PMC11109383 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1348368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a heritable condition with an as yet unclear etiology. Various factors, such as genetics, lifestyle, environment, inflammation, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, iron metabolism, and gut microbiota, have been proposed as potential contributors to PCOS. Nevertheless, a systematic assessment of modifiable risk factors and their causal effects on PCOS is lacking. This study aims to establish a comprehensive profile of modifiable risk factors for PCOS by utilizing a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework. Methods After identifying over 400 modifiable risk factors, we employed a two-sample MR approach, including the Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method, Weighted Median method, and MR-Egger, to investigate their causal associations with PCOS. The reliability of our estimates underwent rigorous examination through sensitivity analyses, encompassing Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept analysis, leave-one-out analysis, and funnel plots. Results We discovered that factors such as smoking per day, smoking initiation, body mass index, basal metabolic rate, waist-to-hip ratio, whole body fat mass, trunk fat mass, overall health rating, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3) in blood, monounsaturated fatty acids, other polyunsaturated fatty acids apart from 18:2 in blood, omega-3 fatty acids, ratio of bisallylic groups to double bonds, omega-9 and saturated fatty acids, total lipids in medium VLDL, phospholipids in medium VLDL, phospholipids in very large HDL, triglycerides in very large HDL, the genus Oscillibacter, the genus Alistipes, the genus Ruminiclostridium 9, the class Mollicutes, and the phylum Tenericutes, showed a significant effect on heightening genetic susceptibility of PCOS. In contrast, factors including fasting insulin interaction with body mass index, sex hormone-binding globulin, iron, ferritin, SDF1a, college or university degree, years of schooling, household income, the genus Enterorhabdus, the family Bifidobacteriaceae, the order Bifidobacteriales, the class Actinobacteria, and the phylum Actinobacteria were determined to reduce risk of PCOS. Conclusion This study innovatively employs the MR method to assess causal relationships between 400 modifiable risk factors and the susceptibility of PCOS risk. It supports causal links between factors like smoking, BMI, and various blood lipid levels and PCOS. These findings offer novel insights into potential strategies for the management and treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinglin Pang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xingyi Fang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhaohua Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haili Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qinghua Deng
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tianzhong Ma
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mengqi Lv
- Department of Pathology, Southwest Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingying Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ziying Tu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Carneiro MM. Obesity, diabetes & women's health: the perfect storm looming in the horizon? Women Health 2024; 64:365-368. [PMID: 38804119 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2024.2360185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Mendonça Carneiro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- ORIGEN Center for Reproductive Medicine, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Ou Y, Zhan Y, Shao X, Xu P, Ji L, Zhuang X, Chen H, Cheng Y. Lipoprotein lipids and apolipoproteins in primary immune thrombocytopenia: Results from a clinical characteristics and causal relationship verification, potential drug target identification by Mendelian randomization analyses. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1483-1494. [PMID: 38031970 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disease. Cellular and systemic lipid metabolism plays a significant role in the regulation of immune cell activities. However, the role of lipoprotein lipids and apolipoproteins in ITP remains elusive. The automatic biochemistry analyser was used to measure the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), apoB, apoE and lipoprotein a [LP(a)]. Genetic variants strongly associated with circulating lipoprotein lipids and apolipoproteins (LDL-C, apoB, TG, HDL-C and apoA-I) were extracted to perform Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Finally, drug-target MR and passive ITP mice model was used to investigate the potential druggable targets of ITP. Levels of HDL-C, apoA-I, decreased and LP(a) increased in ITP patients compared with healthy controls. Low HDL-C was causally associated with ITP susceptibility. Through drug-target MR and animal modelling, ABCA1 was identified as a potential target to design drugs for ITP. Our study found that lipid metabolism is related to ITP. The causative association between HDL-C and the risk of ITP was also established. The study provided new evidence of the aetiology of ITP. ABCA1 might be a potential drug target for ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ou
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxia Zhan
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Shao
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Ji
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xibing Zhuang
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfeng Cheng
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Vafaei S, Alkhrait S, Yang Q, Ali M, Al-Hendy A. Empowering Strategies for Lifestyle Interventions, Diet Modifications, and Environmental Practices for Uterine Fibroid Prevention; Unveiling the LIFE UP Awareness. Nutrients 2024; 16:807. [PMID: 38542717 PMCID: PMC10975324 DOI: 10.3390/nu16060807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common prevalent benign tumor among women of reproductive age, disproportionately affecting women of color. This paper introduces an innovative management strategy for UFs, emphasizing the curbing of disease prevention and progression. Traditionally, medical intervention is deferred until advanced stages, necessitating invasive surgeries such as hysterectomy or myomectomy, leading to high recurrence rates and increased healthcare costs. The strategy, outlined in this review, emphasizes UF disease management and is named LIFE UP awareness-standing for Lifestyle Interventions, Food Modifications, and Environmental Practices for UF Prevention. These cost-effective, safe, and accessible measures hold the potential to prevent UFs, improve overall reproductive health, reduce the need for invasive procedures, and generate substantial cost savings for both individuals and healthcare systems. This review underscores the importance of a proactive UF management method, paving the way for future research and policy initiatives in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (S.A.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (S.A.); (Q.Y.)
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Ling S, Dai Y, Weng R, Li Y, Wu W, Zhou Z, Zhong Z, Zheng Y. Epidemiologic and genetic associations of female reproductive disorders with depression or dysthymia: a Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5984. [PMID: 38472314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55993-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have previously reported an association between depression and certain female reproductive disorders. However, the causal relationships between depression and different types of female reproductive disorders remain unclear in terms of direction and magnitude. We conducted a comprehensive investigation using a two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis, incorporating publicly available GWAS summary statistics. Our aim was to establish a causal relationship between genetically predicted depression and the risk of various female reproductive pathological conditions, such as ovarian dysfunction, polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS), ovarian cysts, abnormal uterine and vaginal bleeding(AUB), endometriosis, leiomyoma of the uterus, female infertility, spontaneous abortion, eclampsia, pregnancy hypertension, gestational diabetes, excessive vomiting in pregnancy, cervical cancer, and uterine/endometrial cancer. We analyzed a substantial sample size, ranging from 111,831 to 210,870 individuals, and employed robust statistical methods, including inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO, to estimate causal effects. Sensitivity analyses, such as Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out analysis, and funnel plots, were also conducted to ensure the validity of our results. Furthermore, risk factor analyses were performed to investigate potential mediators associated with these observed relationships. Our results demonstrated that genetic predisposition to depression or dysthymia was associated with an increased risk of developing PCOS (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.28-1.59; P = 6.66 × 10-11), ovarian cysts (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.20-1.55; P = 1.57 × 10-6), AUB (OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.20-1.66; P = 3.01 × 10-5), and endometriosis (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.27-1.70; P = 2.21 × 10-7) after Bonferroni correction, but no evidence for reverse causality. Our study did not find any evidence supporting a causal or reverse causal relationship between depression/dysthymia and other types of female reproductive disorders. In summary, our study provides evidence for a causal relationship between genetically predicted depression and specific types of female reproductive disorders. Our findings emphasize the importance of depression management in the prevention and treatment of female reproductive disorders, notably including PCOS, ovarian cysts, AUB, and endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Ling
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuqing Dai
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruoxin Weng
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenbo Wu
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziqiong Zhou
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhisheng Zhong
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuehui Zheng
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
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Chen X, Li X, Yang K, Fang J. Maternal periodontitis may cause lower birth weight in children: genetic evidence from a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study on periodontitis and pregnancy. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:194. [PMID: 38441677 PMCID: PMC10914849 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to comprehensively investigate the potential genetic link between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes using a two-sample Mendelian Randomization approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS We employed robust genetic instruments for chronic periodontitis as exposure data from the FinnGen database. Data encompassing various pregnancy stage outcomes, including pre-pregnancy conditions (irregular menstruation, endometriosis, abnormal reproductive bleeding, and female infertility), pregnancy complications (hemorrhage, spontaneous miscarriage, and abnormalities in products), and post-pregnancy factors (single spontaneous delivery, labor duration, and birth weight of the child), were obtained from the UK Biobank. The random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized to compute primary estimates while diligently assessing potential directional pleiotropy and heterogeneity. RESULTS Our findings indicate a negative association between periodontitis and labor duration (odds ratio [OR] = 0.999; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.999 to 1.000; P = 0.017). Individuals with periodontitis are more likely to deliver lower-weight infants (OR = 0.983; 95% CI: 0.972 to 0.995; P = 0.005). We found no evidence of pleiotropy or heterogeneity in aforementioned two associations. We did not observe casual links with pre-pregnancy conditions and pregnancy complications. CONCLUSIONS This Mendelian Randomization study underscores the genetic influence of periodontitis on specific adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly concerning labor duration and lower birth weight deliveries. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our study emphasizes the critical importance of maintaining periodontal health during pregnancy and offers genetic evidence supporting these associations. Further investigation is required to delve deeper into the specific underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixiong Chen
- Department of Stomatology, First people's Hospital of Linping District, No. 365 Yingbing Road, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Stomatology, First people's Hospital of Linping District, No. 365 Yingbing Road, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Stomatology, First people's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Fang
- Department of Nursing, Shaoxing Seventh people's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
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Eng PC, Phylactou M, Qayum A, Woods C, Lee H, Aziz S, Moore B, Miras AD, Comninos AN, Tan T, Franks S, Dhillo WS, Abbara A. Obesity-Related Hypogonadism in Women. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:171-189. [PMID: 37559411 PMCID: PMC10911953 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-related hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a well-characterized condition in men (termed male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism; MOSH); however, an equivalent condition has not been as clearly described in women. The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is known to increase with obesity, but PCOS is more typically characterized by increased gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) (and by proxy luteinizing hormone; LH) pulsatility, rather than by the reduced gonadotropin levels observed in MOSH. Notably, LH levels and LH pulse amplitude are reduced with obesity, both in women with and without PCOS, suggesting that an obesity-related secondary hypogonadism may also exist in women akin to MOSH in men. Herein, we examine the evidence for the existence of a putative non-PCOS "female obesity-related secondary hypogonadism" (FOSH). We précis possible underlying mechanisms for the occurrence of hypogonadism in this context and consider how such mechanisms differ from MOSH in men, and from PCOS in women without obesity. In this review, we consider relevant etiological factors that are altered in obesity and that could impact on GnRH pulsatility to ascertain whether they could contribute to obesity-related secondary hypogonadism including: anti-Müllerian hormone, androgen, insulin, fatty acid, adiponectin, and leptin. More precise phenotyping of hypogonadism in women with obesity could provide further validation for non-PCOS FOSH and preface the ability to define/investigate such a condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chia Eng
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549
| | - Maria Phylactou
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ambreen Qayum
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Casper Woods
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Hayoung Lee
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sara Aziz
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Benedict Moore
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alexander D Miras
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alexander N Comninos
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Tricia Tan
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Steve Franks
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Waljit S Dhillo
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ali Abbara
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0NN, UK
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9
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Kim MS, Kim JY, Song YS, Hong S, Won HH, Kim WJ, Kwon Y, Ha J, Fiedorowicz JG, Solmi M, Shin JI, Park S, Rosenthal RJ. Association of bariatric surgery with indicated and unintended outcomes: An umbrella review and meta-analysis for risk-benefit assessment. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13670. [PMID: 38049310 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Bariatric surgery can cause numerous functional changes to recipients, some of which are unintended. However, a systematic evaluation of wide-angled health benefits and risks following bariatric surgery has not been conducted. We systematically evaluated published systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials and observational studies reporting the association between bariatric surgery and health outcomes. We performed subgroup analyses by surgery type and sensitivity analysis, excluding gastric band. Thirty systematic reviews and 82 meta-analyzed health outcomes were included in this review. A total of 66 (80%) health outcomes were significantly associated with bariatric surgery, of which 10 were adverse outcomes, including suicide, fracture, gastroesophageal reflux after sleeve gastrectomy, and neonatal morbidities. The other 56 outcomes were health benefits including new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.19-0.79), hypertension (OR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.33-0.40), dyslipidemia (OR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.14-0.81), cancers (OR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.53-0.80), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and women's health. Surgery is associated with reductions in all-cause mortality and death due to cancer, DM, and CVD. Bariatric surgery has both beneficial and harmful effects on a broader than expected array of patients' health outcomes. An expansion of the indication for bariatric surgery could be discussed to include a broader population with metabolic vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Seo Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Yeob Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Shin Song
- Department of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwon Hong
- Department of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Kim
- Gangneung Prison Medical Department, Ministry of Justice, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongkeun Kwon
- Division of Foregut Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Centre for Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jane Ha
- Department of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Centre for Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jess G Fiedorowicz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marco Solmi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoo Park
- Division of Foregut Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Centre for Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Raul J Rosenthal
- Department of General Surgery and the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
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Aierken A, Atabieke F, Aierken M, Li J, Xia Y, Aizezi Y, Li SX. No bidirectional relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and diverticular disease: a genetic correlation and Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 15:1334473. [PMID: 38419785 PMCID: PMC10899511 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1334473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Although previous studies found that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and diverticular disease (DD) usually co-exist clinically, studies examining the relationship are spare. Aim: Our study aspires to investigate the causal correlation between the IBD [including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD)] and DD using the Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: We conducted a two-sample bidirectional MR analysis using publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data associated with DD and IBD were obtained from the Finnish Biobank and UK Biobank, respectively. Through secondary data analysis of all GWAS summary data, we systematically screened genetic instrumental variables. To address the impact of horizontal pleiotropy, several methods were employed, including the inverse variance-weighted method (IVW), maximum likelihood method, Egger regression method, weighted median method, and simple median method. These approaches aimed to detect and correct for the potential bias caused by horizontal pleiotropy. Results: Genetically predicted DD did not have a causal effect on IBD (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.98-1.17, p = 0.15), and had no causal effect on UC (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.94-1.20, p = 0.36) and CD (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.92-1.16, p = 0.62) either. Furthermore, in the reverse MR analysis, we did not observe any significant causal effect of IBD on DD. Results of complementary methods showed consistent results with those of the IVW method. Conclusion: This study's findings do not provide evidence for a causal relationship between IBD and DD, which contradicts the majority of observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailikamu Aierken
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Falide Atabieke
- The Second Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Munire Aierken
- Department of Disinfection and Vector-Borne Pathogen Control, Urumqi City Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Urumqi, China
| | - Jian Li
- The Second Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yu Xia
- The Second Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yierzhati Aizezi
- Center of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Shui-Xue Li
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
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11
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Chen-Patterson A, Bernier A, Burgert T, Davis V, Khan T, Geller D, Paprocki E, Shah R, Witchel SF, Pereira-Eshraghi C, Sopher AB, Cree MG, Torchen LC. Distinct Reproductive Phenotypes Segregate With Differences in Body Weight in Adolescent Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvad169. [PMID: 38213910 PMCID: PMC10783242 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous clinical syndrome defined by hyperandrogenism and irregular menses. In adult women with PCOS, discrete metabolic and reproductive subgroups have been identified. We hypothesize that distinct phenotypes can be distinguished between adolescent girls who are lean (LN-G) and girls with obesity (OB-G) at the time of PCOS diagnosis. Methods Data were extracted from the CALICO multisite PCOS database. Clinical data collected at the time of diagnosis were available in 354 patients (81% with obesity) from 7 academic centers. Patients with body mass index (BMI) < 85th percentile for age and sex were characterized as lean (LN-G) and those with BMI percentile ≥ 95th percentile as obese (OB-G). We compared metabolic and reproductive phenotypes in LN-G and OB-G. Results Reproductive phenotypes differed between the groups, with LN-G having higher total testosterone, androstenedione, and LH levels, while OB-G had lower sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and higher free testosterone. Metabolic profiles differed as expected, with OB-G having higher hemoglobin A1c, alanine aminotransferase, and serum triglycerides and more severe acanthosis nigricans. Conclusion LN-G with PCOS had a distinct reproductive phenotype characterized by increased LH, total testosterone, and androstenedione levels, suggesting neuroendocrine-mediated ovarian androgen production. In contrast, phenotypes in OB-G suggest hyperandrogenemia is primarily driven by insulin resistance with low SHBG levels. These observations support the existence of distinct metabolic and reproductive subtypes in adolescent PCOS characterized by unique mechanisms for hyperandrogenemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelina Bernier
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Tania Burgert
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Vanessa Davis
- Pediatric Endocrinology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Tazeena Khan
- University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - David Geller
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Emily Paprocki
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Rachana Shah
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Selma F Witchel
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | | | - Aviva B Sopher
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Columbia University, NewYork, NY 10032, USA
| | - Melanie G Cree
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Laura C Torchen
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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12
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Zhang X, Huangfu Z, Wang S. No association effect of genetic polymorphism was observed between polycystic ovary syndrome and cardiovascular diseases risk: a mendelian randomization study. Endocrine 2023; 82:695-706. [PMID: 37668928 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the possible association between PCOS and common CVDs remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore the potential relationship between PCOS and CVDs using genetic polymorphisms. METHODS We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. In our study, 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Europeans and another 13 SNPs in Asians were applied as instrumental variables for PCOS. The largest published meta-genome-wide association studies of European ancestry and the BioBank Japan Project of Asian ancestry were used to collect the outcome data. MR analysis was performed using inverse variance weighting as the primary method. Several sensitivity analyses and instrumental variable strength evaluations were also performed to verify the reliability of results. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that any potential causal association between genetically-predicted PCOS and the risk of CVDs do not exist. These CVDs include peripheral artery disease, atrial fibrillation, arrhythmia, cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolisms. Associations could not be found even after the SNPs linked to these possible confounders (body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and serum testosterone) were deleted. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated no presence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. CONCLUSION The present mendelian randomization study suggests that genetically-predicted PCOS may not be associated with the risk of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Huangfu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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13
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Gu P, Pu B, Ma Y, Yue D, Xin Q, Li H, Liu T, Zheng X, Ouyang C. Appraising the causal relationship between thyroid function and rheumatoid arthritis: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1238757. [PMID: 38090574 PMCID: PMC10713877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1238757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are observationally associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but causality is unclear. To evaluate the causal relationship between thyroid function and RA, we conducted a two-Sample bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) study. Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with six phenotypes were selected from the FinnGen biobank database, The ThyroidOmics Consortium database, and the IEU Open GWAS database. For the forward MR analysis, we selected hypothyroidism (N=213,390), Graves' disease (GD) (N=199,034), other types of hyperthyroidism (N=190,799), free thyroxine (FT4, N=49,269), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, N=54,288) as the five related thyroid function phenotypes for exposure, with RA (N=58,284) as the outcome. Reverse MR analysis selected RA as the exposure and five phenotypes of thyroid function as the outcome. The Inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis method, supplemented by weighted median (WM) and MR-Egger methods. Cochran's Q test, MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger regression methods, and leave-one-out analysis were employed to assess sensitivity and pleiotropy. Results Forward MR evidence indicates that genetic susceptibility to hypothyroidism is associated with an increased risk of RA (ORIvw=1.758, P=7.61×10-5). Reverse MR evidence suggests that genetic susceptibility to RA is associated with an increased risk of hypothyroidism (ORIvw=1.274, P=3.88×10-20), GD (ORIvw=1.269, P=8.15×10-05), and other types of hyperthyroidism (ORIvw=1.141, P=1.80×10-03). There is no evidence to support a forward or reverse causal relationship between genetic susceptibility to RA and FT4, TSH. Conclusion Our results provide genetic evidence supporting bidirectional causal relationships between thyroid function and RA. These findings inform preventive strategies and interventions targeting RA and thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Pu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - YangCheng Ma
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Yue
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Xin
- Graduated School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - HaiShan Li
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Teng Liu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - XiaoHui Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - ChongZhi Ouyang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Wójtowicz M, Zdun D, Owczarek AJ, Skrzypulec-Plinta V, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M. Evaluation of adipokines concentrations in plasma, peritoneal, and endometrioma fluids in women operated on for ovarian endometriosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1218980. [PMID: 38075048 PMCID: PMC10703383 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1218980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Some studies indicate the role of selected adipokines in the development of endometriosis. However, a comprehensive assessment of plasma, peritoneal, and endometrioma fluids adipokines concentrations in women with ovarian endometriosis has not yet been performed. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze plasma, peritoneal, and endometrioma fluids selected adipokines concentrations in women operated on for ovarian endometriosis. Materials and methods A cross-sectional cohort study involved 56 women operated on for ovarian endometriosis. Body mass, height, and waist circumference were measured, and BMI was calculated. Plasma, peritoneal, and endometrioma fluids adiponectin, leptin, omentin resistin, RBP4, and visfatin/NAMPT were determined by ELISA. Results The highest plasma levels of adiponectin, leptin, omentin, and RBP4 than in the endometrioma and peritoneal fluids were found, while levels of resistin and visfatin/NAMPT were significantly higher in endometrioma fluid than in plasma and peritoneal fluid. In addition, levels of visfatin/NAMPT were significantly higher in peritoneal fluid than in plasma. There were also positive correlations between leptin, RBP4, and adiponectin levels in endometrioma and peritoneal fluids (ρ = 0.28; p < 0.05; ρ = 0.31; p < 0.05; ρ= 0.32; p < 0.05, respectively). There were no associations between adipokines levels in plasma, endometrioma, and peritoneal fluids and endometriosis stage. Conclusion Our results show that visfatin/NAMPT and resistin may be locally secreted in endometrioma related to inflammation regardless of the stage of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Wójtowicz
- Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Dariusz Zdun
- Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksander Jerzy Owczarek
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Violetta Skrzypulec-Plinta
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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15
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Lin Y, Wang G, Li Y, Yang H, Zhao Y, Liu J, Mu L. Circulating Inflammatory Cytokines and Female Reproductive Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:3154-3164. [PMID: 37350485 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Extensive studies have provided considerable evidence suggesting the role of inflammation in the development of female reproductive diseases. However, causality has not been established. OBJECTIVE To explore whether genetically determined circulating levels of cytokines are causally associated with female reproductive diseases and discover potential novel drug targets for these diseases. METHODS Instrumental variables (IVs) for 47 circulating cytokines were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of 31 112 European individuals. Protein quantitative trait loci and expression quantitative trait loci close to genes served as our IVs. Summary data of 9 female reproductive diseases were mainly derived from GWAS meta-analysis of the UK biobank and FinnGen. We elevated the association using the Wald ratio or inverse variance-weighted Mendelian randomization (MR) with subsequent assessments for MR assumptions in several sensitivity and colocalization analyses. We consider a false discovery rate <0.05 as statistical significance in MR analyses. Replication studies were conducted for further validation, and phenome-wide association studies were designed to explore potential side effects. RESULTS Our results indicated that high levels of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF), growth-regulated oncogene-alpha (GROα), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were associated with increased risks of endometriosis, female infertility, and pre-eclampsia, respectively. High platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) levels that reduced the risk of ovarian aging were also supported. Replication analysis supported the relationship between GROα and female infertility, and between MCSF and endometriosis. CONCLUSION We identified 4 correlated pairs that implied potential protein drug targets. Notably, we preferred highlighting the value of PDGF-BB as a drug target for ovarian aging, and MCSF as a drug target for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Lin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiquan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yan Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Liangshan Mu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Schutte SC, Ghosh D, Moset Zupan A, Warwar R, Dawson MR. Differential Response to Mechanical Cues in Uterine Fibroid Versus Paired Myometrial Cells. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3305-3314. [PMID: 37253935 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01267-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas, or fibroids, are common, benign tumors for which hysterectomy is the only definitive treatment. The extracellular matrix of fibroids is disorganized and stiffer than the surrounding myometrial tissue. To understand how stiffness affects fibroid cells, patient-matched fibroid and myometrial cells were cultured on substrates with stiffnesses varying from 0.2 to 150 kPa. Fibroid cells grew more slowly than myometrial cells overall, and only the myometrial cells altered their growth rate in response to stiffness. In both cell types, cell proliferation decreased with inhibition of PI3K and increased with inhibition of IGF-1. The cellular area was greater for the fibroid cells. The only significant effect of stiffness on the cell area was between the 0.2 and 64 kPa substrates, and this was true for both cell types. To investigate intracellular stiffness, intracellular particle tracking microrheology was used. Fibroid cells exhibited a more than 100-fold increase in elastic modulus at a frequency of 1 Hz in response to the addition of external stress, while myometrial cells showed little change in elastic modulus. Overall, the responses of both cells followed similar trends in response to stiffness and inhibitors, although the response was attenuated in the fibroid cells. The changes that were demonstrated by the change in intracellular stiffness with response to compression suggest that other mechanical forces may provide insight into differences in the two cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Schutte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - D Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - A Moset Zupan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - R Warwar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - M R Dawson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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Wang X, Zhu R, Han H, Jin J. Body Fat Distribution and Female Infertility: a Cross-Sectional Analysis Among US Women. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3243-3252. [PMID: 37277689 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
At present, the effect of body fat distribution on female reproductive health is still inconclusive. The purpose of our study was to analyze the correlation between female infertility rates and the fat mass portion of the android region to the gynoid region (the A/G ratio) among US women of reproductive age. Female infertility is defined as a failure to get pregnant after 12 months of unprotected sexual activity. A total of 3434 women of reproductive age were included in this study as part of the 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The A/G ratio was used to assess the body fat distribution of participants. Based on the comprehensive study design and sample weights, it was determined that the A/G ratio was associated with female infertility primarily through logistic regression analyses. After adjusting for potential confounders, the multivariate regression analysis indicated an increase in the A/G ratio was correlated with an increase in the prevalence of female infertility (OR = 4.374, 95% CI:1.809-10.575). Subgroup analyses showed an increased prevalence of infertility in non-Hispanic Whites (P = 0.012), non-diabetic individuals (P = 0.008), individuals under 35 years old (P = 0.002), and individuals with secondary infertility (P = 0.01). The trend tests and smooth curve fitting illustrate a linear trend between the A/G ratio and female infertility. Future researches are warranted to confirm the causal relationship between body fat distribution and female infertility, which may provide an insight into future prevention and treatment of female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhe Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.155, Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.155, Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huawei Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.155, Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Yin YH, Zhou SY, Lu DF, Chen XP, Liu B, Lu S, Han XD, Wu AH. Higher waist circumference is associated with increased likelihood of female infertility: NHANES 2017-2020 results. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1216413. [PMID: 37937052 PMCID: PMC10627239 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1216413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Waist circumference can be used as an anthropometric measure to assess central obesity and is easier and more convenient than the waist-to-hip ratio in identifying the risk of obesity and medical problems. Most studies showing an association between obesity and infertility in women have used BMI to measure obesity. Our goal was to examine any potential association between waist circumference and infertility. Methods This cross-sectional study, which formed part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), comprised women ages 18 to 45 between 2017 and 2020. Participants without waist circumference data or information on infertility were removed from the study. The independent relationship between waist circumference and infertility was investigated using weighted binary logistic regression and subgroup analysis. Results We investigated 1509 participants and discovered that the prevalence of infertility rose as the WC trisection rose. (tertile 1, 7.55%; tertile 2, 10.56%; tertile 3, 15.28%; trend < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that after total adjustment, higher WC levels were associated with an increased likelihood of infertility in women (OR1.02; 95% CI 1.01-1.03), and There was a 2% rise in the incidence of infertility for every unit (cm) increased WC. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests showed no significant dependence of the effects of marital status, diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol on the association between WC and infertility (p for all interaction tests > 0.05). The inflection point of the positive non-linear relationship between WC and infertility was 116.6 cm. Conclusion Excessive waist circumference assessment may increase the probability of infertility, and more attention should be paid to the management of waist circumference should be given more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hua Yin
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Yu Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Fang Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Han
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Hua Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Luo Z, Jia Y, Zhao Y, Huang Y, Ruan F, Ying Q, Ma L, Luo J, Zhou J. Development and validation of a predictive model of abnormal uterine bleeding associated with ovulatory dysfunction: a case-control study. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:536. [PMID: 37828525 PMCID: PMC10571233 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02589-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal uterine bleeding associated with ovulatory dysfunction (AUB-O) is a typical gynecological disease that can affect women of various ages. Being able to identify women at risk of AUB-O could allow physicians to take timely action. This study aimed to identify the influencing factors of AUB-O in Chinese women, and then develop and validate a predictive model. METHODS In this multicenter case-control study, 391 women with AUB-O and 838 controls who came from nine hospitals in Zhejiang province were recruited between April 2019 and January 2022. All the participants completed a structured questionnaire including general characteristics, lifestyle and habits, menstrual and reproductive history, and previous diseases. The predictive model was developed on a group of 822 women and validated on a group of 407 women. Logistic regression was adopted to investigate the influencing factors and develop the model, and validation was then performed. RESULTS The independent predictive factors of AUB-O were age (OR 1.073, 95% CI 1.046-1.102, P < 0.001), body mass index (OR 1.081, 95% CI 1.016-1.151, P = 0.015), systolic blood pressure (OR 1.016, 95% CI 1.002-1.029, P = 0.023), residence (OR 2.451, 95% CI 1.727-3.478, P < 0.001), plant-based diet (OR 2.306, 95% CI 1.415-3.759, P < 0.001), fruits eating (OR 1.887, 95% CI 1.282-2.776, P = 0.001), daily sleep duration (OR 0.819; 95% CI 0.708-0.946, P = 0.007), multiparous (parity = 1, OR 0.424, 95% CI 0.239-0.752, P = 0.003; parity > 1, OR 0.450, 95% CI 0.247-0.822, P = 0.009), and history of ovarian cyst (OR 1.880, 95% CI 1.305-2.710, P < 0.001). The predictive ability (area under the curve) in the development group was 0.77 (95% CI 0.74-0.81), while in the validation group it was 0.73 (95% CI 0.67-0.79). The calibration curve was in high coincidence with the standard curve in the development group, and similar to the validation group. A tool for AUB-O risk calculation was created. CONCLUSIONS Nine influencing factors and a predictive model were proposed in this study, which could identify women who are at high risk of developing AUB-O. This finding highlights the importance of early screening and the lifelong management of ovulatory disorders for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhou Luo
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingxian Jia
- Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Yunxiu Zhao
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhou Huang
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Ruan
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Ying
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linjuan Ma
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jianhong Zhou
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang, China.
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Prince C, Howe LD, Sharp GC, Fraser A, Richmond RC. Establishing the relationships between adiposity and reproductive factors: a multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis. BMC Med 2023; 21:350. [PMID: 37697382 PMCID: PMC10496263 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated associations between adiposity and reproductive factors using causal methods, both of which have a number of consequences on women's health. Here we assess whether adiposity at different points in the lifecourse affects reproductive factors differently and independently, and the plausibility of the impact of reproductive factors on adiposity. METHODS We used genetic data from UK Biobank (273,238 women) and other consortia (EGG, GIANT, ReproGen and SSGAC) for eight reproductive factors: age at menarche, age at menopause, age at first birth, age at last birth, number of births, being parous, age first had sexual intercourse and lifetime number of sexual partners, and two adiposity traits: childhood and adulthood body size. We applied multivariable Mendelian randomization to account for genetic correlation and to estimate the causal effects of childhood and adulthood adiposity, independently of each other, on reproductive factors. Additionally, we estimated the effects of reproductive factors, independently of other relevant reproductive factors, on adulthood adiposity. RESULTS We found a higher childhood body size leads to an earlier age at menarche, and an earlier age at menarche leads to a higher adulthood body size. Furthermore, we find contrasting and independent effects of childhood and adulthood body size on age at first birth (beta 0.22 SD (95% confidence interval: 0.14, 0.31) vs - 2.49 (- 2.93, - 2.06) per 1 SD increase), age at last birth (0.13 (0.06,0.21) vs - 1.86 (- 2.23, - 1.48) per 1 SD increase), age at menopause (0.17 (0.09, 0.25) vs - 0.99 (- 1.39, - 0.59) per 1 SD increase), and likelihood of having children (Odds ratio 0.97 (0.95, 1.00) vs 1.20 (1.06, 1.37) per 1 SD increase). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the importance of considering a lifecourse approach when investigating the inter-relationships between adiposity measures and reproductive events, as well as the use of 'age specific' genetic instruments when evaluating lifecourse hypotheses in a Mendelian randomization framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Prince
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Laura D Howe
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gemma C Sharp
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Abigail Fraser
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca C Richmond
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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21
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McGrath IM, Montgomery GW, Mortlock S. Insights from Mendelian randomization and genetic correlation analyses into the relationship between endometriosis and its comorbidities. Hum Reprod Update 2023; 29:655-674. [PMID: 37159502 PMCID: PMC10477944 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis remains a poorly understood disease, despite its high prevalence and debilitating symptoms. The overlap in symptoms and the increased risk of multiple other traits in women with endometriosis is becoming increasingly apparent through epidemiological data. Genetic studies offer a method of investigating these comorbid relationships through the assessment of causal relationships with Mendelian randomization (MR), as well as identification of shared genetic variants and genes involved across traits. This has the capacity to identify risk factors for endometriosis as well as provide insight into the aetiology of disease. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE We aim to review the current literature assessing the relationship between endometriosis and other traits using genomic data, primarily through the methods of MR and genetic correlation. We critically examine the limitations of these studies in accordance with the assumptions of the utilized methods. SEARCH METHODS The PubMed database was used to search for peer-reviewed original research articles using the terms 'Mendelian randomization endometriosis' and '"genetic correlation" endometriosis'. Additionally, a Google Scholar search using the terms '"endometriosis" "mendelian randomization" "genetic correlation"' was performed. All relevant publications (n = 21) published up until 7 October 2022 were included in this review. Upon compilation of all traits with published MR and/or genetic correlation with endometriosis, additional epidemiological and genetic information on their comorbidity with endometriosis was sourced by searching for the trait in conjunction with 'endometriosis' on Google Scholar. OUTCOMES The association between endometriosis and multiple pain, gynaecological, cancer, inflammatory, gastrointestinal, psychological, and anthropometric traits has been assessed using MR analysis and genetic correlation analysis. Genetic correlation analyses provide evidence that genetic factors contributing to endometriosis are shared with multiple traits: migraine, uterine fibroids, subtypes of ovarian cancer, melanoma, asthma, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, gastritis/duodenitis, and depression, suggesting the involvement of multiple biological mechanisms in endometriosis. The assessment of causality with MR has revealed several potential causes (e.g. depression) and outcomes (e.g. ovarian cancer and uterine fibroids) of a genetic predisposition to endometriosis; however, interpretation of these results requires consideration of potential violations of the MR assumptions. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Genomic studies have demonstrated that there is a molecular basis for the co-occurrence of endometriosis with other traits. Dissection of this overlap has identified shared genes and pathways, which provide insight into the biology of endometriosis. Thoughtful MR studies are necessary to ascertain causality of the comorbidities of endometriosis. Given the significant diagnostic delay of endometriosis of 7-11 years, determining risk factors is necessary to aid diagnosis and reduce the disease burden. Identification of traits for which endometriosis is a risk factor is important for holistic treatment and counselling of the patient. The use of genomic data to disentangle the overlap of endometriosis with other traits has provided insights into the aetiology of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle M McGrath
- The Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- The Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sally Mortlock
- The Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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22
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Pan Q, Shen X, Li H, Zhu B, Chen D, Pan J. Depression score mediate the association between a body shape index and infertility in overweight and obesity females, NHANES 2013-2018. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:471. [PMID: 37660004 PMCID: PMC10475194 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obese females demonstrate a significantly increased risk of anovulatory infertility. This study aims to investigate whether depression score could mediate the association between a body shape index (ABSI) and infertility, especially in overweight and obese population. METHODS We included 5431 adult female Americans from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013-2018) database. ABSI manifested the body shape using waist circumference, weight, and height. Infertility or fertility status was defined by interviewing female participants aged ≥ 18 through the reproductive health questionnaires. Depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) with total scores between 0 and 27. To investigate the association of infertility with ABSI and other individual components, survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression was performed. Mediation analysis of PHQ-9 score was conducted to disentangle the pathways that link ABSI to infertility among the NHANES participants. RESULTS 596 (10.97%) females were categorized with having infertility among 5431 participants. Participants with infertility showed higher ABSI and PHQ-9 score, appearing greater population proportion with depression symptoms. In the multivariable logistic regression model, ABSI (adjusted odds ratio = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.50) and PHQ-9 (adjusted odds ratio = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.07) were positively associated with infertility. PHQ-9 score was estimated to mediate 0.2% (P = 0.03) of the link between ABSI and infertility in all individuals, but to mediate 13.5% (P < 0.01) of the ABSI-infertility association in overweight and obese adult females. CONCLUSION The association between ABSI and infertility seems to be mediated by depression symptoms scored by PHQ-9, especially in those adult females with overweigh and obesity. Future studies should be implemented to further explore this mediator in ABSI-infertility link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangwei Pan
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Wenzhou People's hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Department of Gynecology, Wenzhou People's hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiaolu Shen
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Wenzhou People's hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Hongfeng Li
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Wenzhou People's hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Dake Chen
- Department of Urology Surgery, Wenzhou People's hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jiajia Pan
- Department of Gynecology, Wenzhou People's hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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23
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Craig LB, Jarshaw CL, Hansen KR, Peck JD. Association between obesity and fecundity in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination. F S Rep 2023; 4:270-278. [PMID: 37719104 PMCID: PMC10504554 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfre.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine if an association exists between body mass index (BMI) and fecundity after intrauterine insemination (IUI). Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Academic-based fertility clinic. Patients Patients undergoing IUI July 2007 to May 2012. Interventions None. Main Outcome Measures Primary outcome: live-birth rate (LBR) per IUI cycle; secondary outcomes: positive pregnancy test and clinical pregnancy rates (CPRs). Results A total of 1959 cycles were performed on 661 women (mean age, 31.9 ± 4.9 years). When examined by obesity class, LBR and CPR were similar for women with class I, II, and III obesity when compared with women with normal BMI. However, class III obese women (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 1.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-2.59) had increased pregnancy rates compared with normal BMI, but no differences in pregnancy rates were observed for women with class I or II obesity. In addition, pregnancy rates (aRR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.12-2.02) and CPR (aRR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.07-2.14) were higher in overweight women relative to normal BMI. Notably, among patients with ovulatory dysfunction, CPRs after IUI were reduced by 43% in obese women (aRR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.37-1.07), whereas women without ovulatory dysfunction were twice as likely to achieve a clinical pregnancy when they were obese (aRR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.19-3.24). The CIs for the obesity risk ratios in each stratum of ovulatory function exhibited no overlap, suggesting evidence of potential effect modification by ovulatory function. Conclusions LBRs after IUI were similar across BMI subgroups. This is in contrast to research of in vitro fertilization treatments showing lower LBR with increasing BMI. However, obesity may adversely affect IUI CPR in those with ovulatory dysfunction in particular. The reason for this discrepancy is unclear and warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaTasha B. Craig
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Christen L. Jarshaw
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Karl R. Hansen
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jennifer D. Peck
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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24
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McGrath IM, Montgomery GW, Mortlock S. Genomic characterisation of the overlap of endometriosis with 76 comorbidities identifies pleiotropic and causal mechanisms underlying disease risk. Hum Genet 2023; 142:1345-1360. [PMID: 37410157 PMCID: PMC10449967 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02582-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Comorbid conditions can be driven by underlying pleiotropic and causal mechanisms that can provide insights into shared molecular and biological processes contributing to disease risk. Endometriosis is a chronic condition affecting one in nine women of reproductive age and poses many challenges including lengthy diagnostic delays and limited treatment efficacy owing to poor understanding of disease aetiology. To shed light on the underlying biological mechanisms and to identify potential risk factors, we examine the epidemiological and genomic relationship between endometriosis and its comorbidities. In the UK Biobank 292 ICD10 codes were epidemiologically correlated with endometriosis diagnosis, including gynaecological, immune, infection, pain, psychiatric, cancer, gastrointestinal, urinary, bone and cardiovascular traits. A subset of the identified comorbidities (n = 76) underwent follow-up genetic analysis. Whilst Mendelian randomisation suggested causality was not responsible for most comorbid relationships, 22 traits were genetically correlated with endometriosis, including pain, gynaecological and gastrointestinal traits, suggestive of a shared genetic background. Pleiotropic genetic variants and genes were identified using gene-based and colocalisation analysis. Shared genetic risk factors and potential target genes suggest a diverse collection of biological systems are involved in these comorbid relationships including coagulation factors, development of the female reproductive tract and cell proliferation. These findings highlight the diversity of traits with epidemiological and genomic overlap with endometriosis and implicate a key role for pleiotropy in the comorbid relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle M McGrath
- The Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- The Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Sally Mortlock
- The Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Dong J, Wang S, Xie H, Mou Y, Zhu H, Peng Y, Xi J, Zhong M, Xie Z, Jiang Z, Wang K, Chen H, Yang W, Zhu M, Wen Y, Wu Y. COVID-19 hospitalization increases the risk of developing glioblastoma: a bidirectional Mendelian-randomization study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1185466. [PMID: 37671050 PMCID: PMC10475719 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1185466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with glioblastoma (GBM) are considered a highly vulnerable population. Despite this, the extent of the causative relationship between GBM and COVID-19 infection is uncertain. Methods Genetic instruments for SARS-CoV-2 infection (38,984 cases and 1,644,784 control individuals), COVID-19 hospitalization (8,316 cases and 1,549,095 control individuals), and COVID-19 severity (4,792 cases and 1,054,664 control individuals) were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) from European populations. A total of 6,183 GBM cases and 18,169 controls from GWAS were enrolled in our study. Their associations were evaluated by applying Mendelian randomization (MR) including IVW meta-analysis, MR-Egger regression, and weighted-median analysis. To make the conclusions more robust and reliable, sensitivity analyses were performed. Results Our results showed that genetically predicted COVID-19 hospitalization increases the risk of GBM (OR = 1.202, 95% CI = 1.035-1.395, p = 0.016). In addition, no increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization and severity were observed in patients with any type of genetically predicted GBM. Conclusion Our MR study indicated for the first time that genetically predicted COVID-19 hospitalization was demonstrated as a risk factor for the development of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haoqun Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of Sun Yat sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhao Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yilong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jianxin Xi
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minggu Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zongyuan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of Sun Yat sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhuo Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of Sun Yat sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingqin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yufeng Wen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
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Qu Y, Chen L, Guo S, Liu Y, Wu H. Genetic liability to multiple factors and uterine leiomyoma risk: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1133260. [PMID: 37576957 PMCID: PMC10415162 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1133260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor in females of reproductive age. However, its causes have never been fully understood. The objective of our study was to analyze the causal association between various factors and uterine leiomyoma using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Genetic variables associated with risk factors were obtained from genome-wide association studies. Summary-level statistical data for uterine leiomyoma were obtained from FinnGen and the UK Biobank (UKB) consortium. We used inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median methods in univariate analysis. Multivariable MR analysis was used to identify independent risk factors. A fixed-effect model meta-analysis was used to combine the results of the FinnGen and UKB data. Results In the FinnGen data, higher genetically predicted age at natural menopause, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and fasting insulin were associated with an increased risk of uterine leiomyoma, while higher age at menarche was associated with a reduced risk of uterine leiomyoma. Multivariable MR analysis of SBP and DBP showed that higher DBP might be an independent risk factor of uterine leiomyoma. In the UKB data, the results for age at natural menopause, SBP, DBP, and age at menarche were replicated. The result of the meta-analysis suggested that uterine leiomyoma could also be affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and 2-hour glucose level. Conclusion Our MR study confirmed that earlier menstrual age, hypertension, obesity, and elevated 2-hour glucose post-challenge were risk factors for uterine leiomyoma, and the causal relationship between smoking and uterine leiomyoma was ruled out. In addition, later age of menopause and endometriosis were found to increase the risk of uterine leiomyoma, while PCOS was found to decrease the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangming Qu
- Department of Neonatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lanlan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shijie Guo
- Department of Neonatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neonatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Neonatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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27
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Fan W, Gu P, Pu B, Yue D, Xin Q, Zheng X, Zeng Z, Fan S. Bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization analysis identifies causal associations between age at menarche and sarcopenia-related traits. Genes Genomics 2023:10.1007/s13258-023-01415-4. [PMID: 37405597 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have shown that the age of menarche is associated with sarcopenia, but confounding factors make the causal relationship difficult to infer. OBJECTIVE Therefore, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomized (MR) analysis to evaluate the potential causal relationship between age at menarche and sarcopenia-related traits (hand grip strength, lean mass, walking pace). METHODS We obtained the latest aggregate statistics from the Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database on the age of menarche of 182,416 participants from ReproGen, the appendicular lean mass of 244,730 participants from EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute, the left-hand grip strength of 401,026 participants, the right-hand grip strength of 461,089 participants and the usual walking pace of 459,915 participants from the UK Biobank. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method and other MR methods were used to evaluate the bidirectional causal relationship between the age of menarche and sarcopenia. RESULTS The forward MR results showed that the age of menarche predicted by the gene was positively correlated with left-hand grip strength (IVWβ=0.041, P = 2.00 × 10-10), right-hand grip strength (IVWβ=0.053, P = 1.97 × 10-18), appendicular lean mass (IVWβ=0.012, P = 4.38 × 10-13) and usual walking pace (IVWβ=0.033, P = 1.62 × 10-8).In the reverse MR analysis, we also found that the usual walking pace was positively correlated with the age of menarche predicted by genes (IVWβ=0.532, P = 1.65 × 10-4). Still, there was no causal relationship between grip strength and appendicular lean mass and the age at menarche. CONCLUSION Our results show that earlier menarche will increase the risk of sarcopenia. In addition, people with higher muscle function tend to have menarche later. These findings may provide a reference for prevention strategies and interventions for menarche in advance and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peng Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Pu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Yue
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Xin
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - XiaoHui Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - ZhanPeng Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoyong Fan
- Hongdu traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Langenberg C, Hingorani AD, Whitty CJM. Biological and functional multimorbidity-from mechanisms to management. Nat Med 2023; 29:1649-1657. [PMID: 37464031 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02420-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the number of people with multiple co-occurring diseases will increase substantially over the coming decades, with important consequences for patients, carers, healthcare systems and society. Addressing this challenge requires a shift in the prevailing clinical, educational and scientific thinking and organization-with a strong emphasis on the maintenance of generalist skills to balance the specialization trends of medical education and research. Multimorbidity is not a single entity but differs quantitively and qualitatively across life stages, ethnicities, sexes, socioeconomic groups and geographies. Data-driven science that quantifies the impact of disease co-occurrence-beyond the small number of currently well-studied long-term conditions (such as cardiometabolic diseases)-can help illuminate the pathological diversity of multimorbidity and identify common, mechanistically related, and prognostically relevant clusters. Broader access to data opportunities across modalities and disciplines will catalyze vertical and horizontal integration of multimorbidity research, to enable reconfiguring of medical services, clinical trials, guidelines and research in a way that accounts for the complexity of multimorbidity-and provides efficient, joined-up services for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Langenberg
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Aroon D Hingorani
- UCL BHF Research Accelerator, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- University College London Hospitals NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Christopher J M Whitty
- Department of Health and Social Care, London, UK
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Khan K, Wanjari A, Acharya S, Quazi S. Anthropometric Indices With Insulin Resistance in Obese Patients: A Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e41881. [PMID: 37583730 PMCID: PMC10423844 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The hormone insulin is responsible for regulating the metabolism of proteins, carbs, and lipids by promoting the absorption of molecules such as glucose from the bloodstream into fat, the liver, and skeletal muscle cells. Insulin resistance (IR) is considered to be a physiological response to obesity that inhibits fat from accumulating and supports weight stabilization. People with IR gain less weight than those with insulin sensitivity, and therefore IR individuals have a three-fold increased likelihood of losing more weight when compared with insulin-sensitive individuals. A person's health is jeopardized by obesity, which is defined as excessive or unusual storage of fat in adipose tissue. Early identification using different anthropometric measuring parameters and proper and suitable therapy is essential as the incidence of obesity cases is increasing as a result of sedentary lifestyles, bad eating habits, a lack of physical exercise, and a lack of knowledge among young adults. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, following which based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight articles were considered for the review. The analysis showed that all the parameters are easily accessible and hence can be used in daily practices. Due to being readily available, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) constituted the most often employed anthropometric measures in everyday practices. In addition, variances in the values of the variables were seen due to differences in gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Khan
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DMIHER), Wardha, IND
| | - Anil Wanjari
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DMIHER), Wardha, IND
| | - Sourya Acharya
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DMIHER), Wardha, IND
| | - Sabiha Quazi
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DMIHER), Wardha, IND
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Lu F, Wu B, Wang Y. Mendelian randomization indicates that atopic dermatitis contributes to the occurrence of diabetes. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:132. [PMID: 37322504 PMCID: PMC10268454 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An association has been indicated between atopic dermatitis (AD), a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease, and diabetes mellitus. However, the exact causal relationship between AD and both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains controversial. This study aimed to explore the causal association between AD and diabetes by Mendelian Randomization (MR) approaches. METHODS Public genetic summary data for AD was obtained from EAGLE study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of diabetes were retrieved from four genome-wide association studies that had been performed in European populations. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) in MR analysis was used as the primary means of causality estimation. Several complementary analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed to calculate MR estimates and to enhance the causal inference, respectively. The R package 'TwoSampleMR' was used for analysis. RESULTS Genetically predicted AD led to a higher risk of T1D (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05, 1.34; P = 0.006) and T2D (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02, 1.11; P = 0.003) based on random-effect IVW method. The complementary analyses provided similar positive results. Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics indicated moderate heterogeneity between AD and both T1D and T2D. No significant horizontal pleiotropy was detected by MR-Egger Intercept p except summary data from FinnGen consortium. CONCLUSION Genetically predicted AD is a risk factor for both T1D and T2D. These findings imply potential shared pathological mechanisms between AD and diabetes, thus suggesting the significance of early clinical diagnosis and prevention of AD in reducing the incidence of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiwei Lu
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Boting Wu
- Department of Transfusion, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongshi Wang
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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31
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van Baal L, Tan S. [Polycystic ovary syndrome as a gender-specific cardiometabolic risk factor]. INNERE MEDIZIN (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023:10.1007/s00108-023-01529-7. [PMID: 37291369 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-023-01529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With a prevalence of 15%, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in fertile-aged women. Insulin resistance and obesity play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of PCOS, modulate the severity of symptoms and are associated with an increased risk for cardiometabolic sequelae such as diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. PCOS should be considered as a gender-specific cardiovascular risk factor. Therefore, if traits indicative for PCOS are present, affected women should undergo PCOS diagnostics as a first step, thereby making it possible to initiate cardiovascular primary prevention strategies in this population of young women at high cardiometabolic risk. In women with known PCOS, screening and treatment of cardiometabolic risk factors and/or diseases should be routinely integrated into the concept of PCOS care. The close link between insulin resistance/obesity and PCOS can be used to improve PCOS-specific symptoms and enhance cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas van Baal
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45721, Essen, Deutschland
| | - Susanne Tan
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45721, Essen, Deutschland.
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Zhong Q, Yao C, Zhong W. Causal Relationship Between Inflammation and Preeclampsia: Genetic Evidence from a Mendelian Randomization Study. Twin Res Hum Genet 2023; 26:231-235. [PMID: 37458219 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2023.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. PE patients were reported to have higher serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) than those in healthy controls. However, whether the expressions of these inflammation biomarkers have a causal relationship with PE is unspecified. We applied the Mendelian randomization method to infer the causal relationship between inflammation biomarkers (e.g., CRP, IL-6, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist [IL-1ra] and TNF-α) and PE. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly related to inflammation biomarkers were used as instrumental variables. CRP, IL-1ra and IL-6 levels showed no significant effect on PE progression, while the genetic predicted higher level of TNF-α significantly increased the risk of PE (OR per 1-SD increase in TNF-α: 4.33; 95% CI [1.99, 9.39]; p = .00021). The findings suggest that pro-inflammatory activity of TNF-α could be a determinant for PE progression. More antenatal care should be given to those pregnant women with higher level of inflammation biomarkers, especially TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongxiang Zhong
- No.2 Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Chanjiao Yao
- No.2 Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- No.2 Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
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Actkins KV, Jean-Pierre G, Aldrich MC, Velez Edwards DR, Davis LK. Sex modifies the effect of genetic risk scores for polycystic ovary syndrome on metabolic phenotypes. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010764. [PMID: 37256887 PMCID: PMC10259776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Females with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in women, have an increased risk of developing cardiometabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). While only diagnosable in females, males with a family history of PCOS can also exhibit a poor cardiometabolic profile. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the role of sex in the cardiometabolic comorbidities observed in PCOS by conducting bidirectional genetic risk score analyses in both sexes. We first conducted a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) using PCOS polygenic risk scores (PCOSPRS) to identify potential pleiotropic effects of PCOSPRS across 1,380 medical conditions recorded in the Vanderbilt University Medical Center electronic health record (EHR) database, in females and males. After adjusting for age and genetic ancestry, we found that European (EUR)-ancestry males with higher PCOSPRS were significantly more likely to develop hypertensive diseases than females at the same level of genetic risk. We performed the same analysis in an African (AFR)-ancestry population, but observed no significant associations, likely due to poor trans-ancestry performance of the PRS. Based on observed significant associations in the EUR-ancestry population, we then tested whether the PRS for comorbid conditions (e.g., T2D, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, etc.) also increased the odds of a PCOS diagnosis. Only BMIPRS and T2DPRS were significantly associated with a PCOS diagnosis in EUR-ancestry females. We then further adjusted the T2DPRS for measured BMI and BMIresidual (regressed on the BMIPRS and enriched for the environmental contribution to BMI). Results demonstrated that genetically regulated BMI primarily accounted for the relationship between T2DPRS and PCOS. Overall, our findings show that the genetic architecture of PCOS has distinct sex differences in associations with genetically correlated cardiometabolic traits. It is possible that the cardiometabolic comorbidities observed in PCOS are primarily explained by their shared genetic risk factors, which can be further influenced by biological variables including sex and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ky’Era V. Actkins
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Genevieve Jean-Pierre
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Melinda C. Aldrich
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Digna R. Velez Edwards
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Lea K. Davis
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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Ala-Korpela M. The epidemiological quest for the role of vitamin D turned non-linear-and simply made sense. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1-4. [PMID: 36416418 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyac218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ala-Korpela
- Systems Epidemiology, Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland and NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Wang S, Zhu H, Pan L, Zhang M, Wan X, Xu H, Hua R, Zhu M, Gao P. Systemic inflammatory regulators and risk of acute-on-chronic liver failure: A bidirectional mendelian-randomization study. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1125233. [PMID: 36743413 PMCID: PMC9892464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1125233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), however, whether there is a causal relationship between inflammation and ACLF remains unclear. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was used to investigate the causal relationship between systemic inflammatory regulators and ACLF. The study analyzed 41 cytokines and growth factors from 8,293 individuals extracted from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis database involving 253 ACLF cases and 456,095 controls. Our results showed that lower stem cell factor (SCF) levels, lower basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) levels and higher Interleukin-13 (IL-13) levels were associated with an increased risk of ACLF (OR = 0.486, 95% CI = 0.264-0.892, p = 0.020; OR = 0.323, 95% CI = 0.107-0.972, p = 0.044; OR = 1.492, 95% CI = 1.111-2.004, p = 0.008, respectively). In addition, genetically predicted ACLF did not affect the expression of systemic inflammatory regulators. Our results indicate that cytokines play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ACLF. Further studies are needed to determine whether these biomarkers can be used to prevent and treat ACLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Pan
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongqin Xu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Hua
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingqin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Mingqin Zhu, ; Pujun Gao,
| | - Pujun Gao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Mingqin Zhu, ; Pujun Gao,
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Genetic analyses implicate complex links between adult testosterone levels and health and disease. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:4. [PMID: 36653534 PMCID: PMC9849476 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testosterone levels are linked with diverse characteristics of human health, yet, whether these associations reflect correlation or causation remains debated. Here, we provide a broad perspective on the role of genetically determined testosterone on complex diseases in both sexes. METHODS Leveraging genetic and health registry data from the UK Biobank and FinnGen (total N = 625,650), we constructed polygenic scores (PGS) for total testosterone, sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and free testosterone, associating these with 36 endpoints across different disease categories in the FinnGen. These analyses were combined with Mendelian Randomization (MR) and cross-sex PGS analyses to address causality. RESULTS We show testosterone and SHBG levels are intricately tied to metabolic health, but report lack of causality behind most associations, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Across other disease domains, including 13 behavioral and neurological diseases, we similarly find little evidence for a substantial contribution from normal variation in testosterone levels. We nonetheless find genetically predicted testosterone affects many sex-specific traits, with a pronounced impact on female reproductive health, including causal contribution to PCOS-related traits like hirsutism and post-menopausal bleeding (PMB). We also illustrate how testosterone levels associate with antagonistic effects on stroke risk and reproductive endpoints between the sexes. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings provide insight into how genetically determined testosterone correlates with several health parameters in both sexes. Yet the lack of evidence for a causal contribution to most traits beyond sex-specific health underscores the complexity of the mechanisms linking testosterone levels to disease risk and sex differences.
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Deng P, Yu Q, Tang H, Lu Y, He Y. Age at Menarche Mediating Visceral Adipose Tissue's Influence on Pre-eclampsia: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:405-413. [PMID: 36184738 PMCID: PMC9844965 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The association between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and pre-eclampsia (PE) shows inconsistent results and the underlying mediator remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the causal effect of VAT on PE risks and the mediation role of age at menarche (AAM) in explaining this relationship. METHODS Summary data for PE were obtained from the FinnGen genome-wide association study (3556 cases and 114 735 controls). For exposure data, 70 genetic variants associated with the predicted VAT in 161 149 European women from UK Biobank were used as instrumental variables. Inverse variance weighted and multiple sensitivity analyses were applied. We also conducted multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to test the association between VAT-associated single-nucleotide variations and PE. Next, mediation analyses were performed to study whether the association between VAT and PE was mediated via AAM. RESULTS In univariable MR analysis, higher volume of VAT was associated with the advancement of AAM and increased PE risk (beta = -0.33; 95% CI, -0.49 to -0.16 for AAM; odds ratio 1.65, 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.20 for PE). After adjusting for waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, and hip circumference, the multivariable MR results presented the consistent positive causality of VAT on PE. Two-step MR analysis proved an estimated 14.3% of the positive effect of VAT on PE was mediated by AAM. CONCLUSION Our findings provided evidence of the causal relationship between VAT and PE and proved VAT could accelerate AAM and then contribute to the risk of incident PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhi Deng
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Qingwei Yu
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Haibo Tang
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R2ls, UK
| | - Yingdong He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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Dong Q, Chen D, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Yan L, Jiang J. Constipation and cardiovascular disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1080982. [PMID: 36910522 PMCID: PMC9998987 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1080982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although several observational studies have suggested positive associations between constipation and cardiovascular disease (CVD), a solid causal association has not been demonstrated. Therefore, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to investigate the causal associations between constipation and CVD. Methods Independent genetic variants strongly associated with constipation were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. Summary-level data for CVD, including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), stroke, and its subtypes, were collected from a few extensive genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The inverse-variance weighted methods, weighted median, and MR-Egger were used for the MR estimates. The Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept tests, MR-PRESSO, MR Steiger test, leave-one-out analyses, and funnel plot were used in the sensitivity analysis. Results Genetically determined constipation was suggestively associated with AF risk (odds ratio (OR), 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01, 1.14; p = 0.016). Constipation and other CVD do not appear to be causally related. It was demonstrated that the results were robust through sensitivity analyses. Conclusion This MR study demonstrated suggestive causal associations of constipation on AF, despite no associations achieving a significance value after multiple testing corrections. There was no evidence of an association between constipation and the risk of CAD, MI, HF, stroke, or stroke subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Delong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Longhui Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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The Complex Roles of Adipokines in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endometriosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102503. [PMID: 36289764 PMCID: PMC9598769 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis are frequent diseases of the female reproductive tract causing high morbidity as they can significantly affect fertility and quality of life. Adipokines are pleiotropic signaling molecules secreted by white or brown adipose tissues with a central role in energy metabolism. More recently, their involvement in PCOS and endometriosis has been demonstrated. In this review article, we provide an update on the role of adipokines in both diseases and summarize previous findings. We also address the results of multi-omics approaches in adipokine research to examine the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes coding for adipokines and their receptors, the secretome of adipocytes and to identify epigenetic alterations of adipokine genes that might be conferred from mother to child. Finally, we address novel data on the role of brown adipose tissue (BAT), which seems to have notable effects on PCOS. For this review, original research articles on adipokine actions in PCOS and endometriosis are considered, which are listed in the PubMed database.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Obesity: A Doorway to a Molecular Path Leading to Infertility. Cureus 2022; 14:e30770. [PMID: 36320802 PMCID: PMC9612950 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The dramatic rise in obesity has recently made it a global health issue. About 1.9 billion were overweight, and 650 million global populations were obese in 2016. Obese women suffer longer conception time, lowered fertility rates, and greater rates of miscarriage. Obesity alters hormones such as adiponectin and leptin, affecting all levels within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) are inflammatory cytokines that may play an important role in the pathophysiology of ovarian dysfunction in obesity. In obese males, there are altered sperm parameters, reduced testosterone, increased estradiol, hypogonadism, and epigenetic modifications transmitted to offspring. The focus of this article is on the possible adverse effects on reproductive health resulting from obesity and sheds light on different molecular pathways linking obesity with infertility in both female and male subjects. Electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Embase, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Search Engine were utilized to find obesity and infertility-related papers. The search strategy is detailed in the method section. Even though multiple research work has shown that obesity impacts fertility in both male and female negatively, it is significant to perform extensive research on the molecular mechanisms that link obesity to infertility. This is to find therapeutics that may be developed aiming at these mechanisms to manage and prevent the negative effects of obesity on the reproductive system.
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Zhao Y, Qin R. Vitamin D3 affects browning of white adipocytes by regulating autophagy via PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p53 signaling in vitro and in vivo. Apoptosis 2022; 27:992-1003. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01765-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wu K, Li A, Liu L, Shu T, Xia D, Sun X. Inflammatory bowel disease and cardiovascular disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:927120. [PMID: 36119744 PMCID: PMC9478388 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.927120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAlthough epidemiological studies have shown a positive relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, a solid causal relationship has not been established. Thus, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to explore the potential causal effect between IBD and CVD outcomes.MethodsWe performed a two-sample MR analysis to analyze the causal effect of the IBD on CVD outcome by using summary-level genome-wide association studies of European descent. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main MR analysis, with complementary analyses of MR Egger, maximum likelihood, weighted median, penalized weighted media, simple mode, weighted mode, and MR-PRESSO methods. Multiple sensitivity analyses were used to evaluate the robustness of our results.ResultsAll P-values were greater than 0.05 in the IVW method, showing no evidence of a causal association between circulating IBD and CVD. Similar results were observed by using other MR methods. No evidence of heterogeneity, pleiotropy, or outlier single-nucleotide polymorphisms was detected. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of the results.ConclusionThe findings of this study provided no evidence to support that IBD has a large effect on risk of CVD outcomes, which is in contrast to many previous observational reports. Further studies are needed to determine the potential mechanism of association identified in observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Aoshuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Demeng Xia
- Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Demeng Xia,
| | - Xiaobin Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Xiaobin Sun,
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Venkatesh SS, Ferreira T, Benonisdottir S, Rahmioglu N, Becker CM, Granne I, Zondervan KT, Holmes MV, Lindgren CM, Wittemans LBL. Correction: Obesity and risk of female reproductive conditions: A Mendelian randomisation study. PLoS Med 2022; 19:e1004095. [PMID: 36054878 PMCID: PMC9439702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003679.].
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ASPN Is a Potential Biomarker and Associated with Immune Infiltration in Endometriosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081352. [PMID: 36011263 PMCID: PMC9407481 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease characterized by distant metastasis. Previous studies have discovered abnormal numbers and function of immune cells in endometriotic lesions. We aimed to find potential biomarkers of endometriosis and to explore the relationship between ASPN and the immune microenvironment of endometriosis. Methods: We obtained the GSE141549 and GSE7305 datasets containing endometriosis and normal endometrial samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). In the GSE141549 dataset, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) regression and generalized linear models (GLMs) were used to screen new biomarkers. The expression levels and diagnostic utility of biomarkers were assessed in GSE7305, and biomarker expression levels were further validated using qRT-PCR and western blot. We identified DEGs between high and low expression groups of key biomarkers. Enrichment analysis was carried out to discover the target gene’s biological function. We analyzed the relationship between key biomarker expression and patient clinical features. Finally, the immune cells that infiltrate endometriosis were assessed using the Microenvironment Cell Population-Counter (MCP-counter), and the correlation of biomarker expression with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints genes was studied. Results: There were a total of 38 DEGs discovered. Two machine learning techniques were used to identify 10 genes. Six biomarkers (SCG2, ASPN, SLIT2, GEM, EGR1, and FOS) had good diagnostic efficiency (AUC > 0.7) by internal and external validation. We excluded previously reported related genes (SLIT2, EGR1, and FOS). ASPN was the most significantly differentially expressed biomarker between normal and ectopic endometrial tissues, as verified by qPCR. The western blot assay revealed a significant upregulation of ASPN expression in endometriotic tissues. The investigation for DEGs in the ASPN high- and low-expression groups revealed that the DEGs were particularly enriched in extracellular matrix tissue, vascular smooth muscle contraction, cytokine interactions, the calcium signaling pathway, and the chemokine signaling pathway. High ASPN expression was related to r-AFS stage (p = 0.006), age (p = 0.03), and lesion location (p < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ASPN expression was an independent influencing factor in patients with endometriosis. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed a significant increase in T-cell, B-cell, and fibroblast infiltration in endometriosis lesions; cytotoxic lymphocyte, NK-cell, and endothelial cell infiltration were reduced. Additionally, the percentage of T cells, B cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells was favorably connected with ASPN expression, while the percentage of cytotoxic lymphocytes and NK cells was negatively correlated. Immune checkpoint gene (CTLA4, LAG3, CD27, CD40, and ICOS) expression and ASPN expression were positively associated. Conclusions: Increased expression of ASPN is associated with immune infiltration in endometriosis, and ASPN can be used as a diagnostic biomarker as well as a potential immunotherapeutic target in endometriosis.
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Chen X, Hong X, Gao W, Luo S, Cai J, Liu G, Huang Y. Causal relationship between physical activity, leisure sedentary behaviors and COVID-19 risk: a Mendelian randomization study. J Transl Med 2022; 20:216. [PMID: 35562752 PMCID: PMC9100292 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) poses an enormous threat to public health worldwide, and the ensuing management of social isolation has greatly decreased opportunities for physical activity (PA) and increased opportunities for leisure sedentary behaviors (LSB). Given that both PA and LSB have been established as major influencing factors for obesity, diabetes and cardiometabolic syndrome, whether PA/LSB in turn affects the susceptibility to COVID-19 by disrupting metabolic homeostasis remains to be explored. In this study, we aimed to systematically evaluate the causal relationship between PA/LSB and COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization and severity using a Mendelian randomization study. METHODS Data were obtained from a large-scale PA dataset (N = 377,000), LSB dataset (N = 422,218) and COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative (N = 2,586,691). The causal effects were estimated with inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median and MR-PRESSO. Sensitivity analyses were implemented with Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out analysis and the funnel plot. Risk factor analyses were further conducted to investigate the potential mediators. RESULTS Genetically predicted accelerometer-assessed PA decreased the risk for COVID-19 hospitalization (OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.97; P = 0.002), while leisure television watching significantly increased the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization (OR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.29-1.88; P = 4.68 × 10-6) and disease severity (OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.33-2.56; P = 0.0002) after Bonferroni correction. No causal effects of self-reported moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), accelerometer fraction of accelerations > 425 milligravities, computer use or driving on COVID-19 progression were observed. Risk factor analyses indicated that the above causal associations might be mediated by several metabolic risk factors, including smoking, high body mass index, elevated serum triglyceride levels, insulin resistance and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSION Our findings supported a causal effect of accelerometer-assessed PA on the reduced risk of COVID-19 hospitalization as well as television watching on the increased risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and severity, which was potentially mediated by smoking, obesity and type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes. Particular attention should be given to reducing leisure sedentary behaviors and encouraging proper exercise during isolation and quarantine for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaosi Hong
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Gao
- Clinical Data Center of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shulu Luo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahao Cai
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guochang Liu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yinong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Zheng X, Ma J, Hu M, Long J, Wei Q, Ren W. Analysis of HIF2α polymorphisms in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome or unexplained infertility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:986567. [PMID: 36157441 PMCID: PMC9492870 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.986567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate HIF2α polymorphisms and glucose metabolism in a group of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or unexplained infertility (UI). PATIENTS The infertile group (n=148) consisted of 96 women with PCOS, 52 women with UI, and176 women without infertility as a healthy control group. INTERVENTION We genotyped 29 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of HIF2α by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)-based genotyping technology. The genetic associations were analyzed statistically. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Allele frequency, genotype distribution and haplotype analyze of the HIF2α polymorphisms were performed. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, uric acid (UA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), lipids, glucose and insulin tolerance - were also measured. RESULTS Infertile women with PCOS had a higherBMI and waist circumference, elevated hsCRP and uric acid (UA) levels, impaired glucose tolerance, and increased levels of plasma insulin compared to UI patients and healthy women. SNP analysis of HIF2α revealed that the allele and genotype frequencies of rs4953361 were significantly associated with infertile women with PCOS. Haplotype analysis of the HIF2α polymorphism identified haplotypes TGG and TGA as being associated with infertile women with PCOS. Women with the AA genotype of rs4953361 had a significantly higher BMI and post load plasma glucose and insulin levels than those of women with the GG genotype. CONCLUSION Infertile women with PCOS more commonly have metabolic disturbances than those with UI. This is the first study to report an association between HIF2α polymorphisms (rs4953361) and the risk of infertile women with PCOS, not UI, in Han Chinese population. These results require replication in larger populations.In this observational study, we did not report the results of a health care intervention on human participants. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Clinical data and peripheral blood samples were collected only after explaining the objectives of the study and obtaining a signed informed consent form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoya Zheng,
| | - Jiani Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Hu
- Reproductive and Infertility Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Long
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Prevention of Disease Department, Chongqing Jiulongpo District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wu K, Liu L, Shu T, Li A, Xia D, Sun X. The relationship between processed meat, red meat, and risk of types of cancer: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:942155. [PMID: 36204379 PMCID: PMC9530935 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.942155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have suggested processed and red meat may increase the risk of cancer. However, the causal effects and direction between them were still unclear. We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the causal effect of processed meat and red meat on the risk of nine common types of cancer, namely, lung, ovarian, endometrial, breast, kidney, gastric, prostate, skin, and oropharyngeal cancer. Methods Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for processed meat and red meat (pork, beef, and mutton) were obtained from the UK Biobank. GWAS of types of cancer in this study were extracted from the genetic consortia and the FinnGen consortium. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) was carried out as the main method for two-sample MR analysis. Sensitivity analyses were used to assess the robustness of the results. Results Genetically predicted processed meat intake was causally associated with increased risk of lung cancer (OR [odds ratio] = 1.923, 95% CI = 1.084-3.409, P = 0.025). There is no convincing evidence for the associations between genetically determined processed meat, red meat, and the risk of other cancers we studied. Conclusion Our results suggested that intake of processed meat may increase the risk of lung cancer. These findings provided no evidence to support that consumption of processed and red meat has a large effect on the risk of other cancers we studied. Further research is needed to clarify the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Wu
- School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Medical Research Center, Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Shu
- School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aoshuang Li
- School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demeng Xia
- Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobin Sun
- School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
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