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Nishimoto Y, Kimura G, Ito K, Kizawa Y. [Anti-inflammatory Effects of a Src Inhibitor on the Murine Model of Asthma Exacerbation Induced by Ovalbumin and Lipopolysaccharide]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2023; 143:191-197. [PMID: 36724932 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.22-00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is often exacerbated by airway infection, and some patients with severe asthma may be unresponsive to conventional corticosteroid treatment. Src family kinases (SFKs) were recently implicated in the inflammatory responses of mice induced by allergen and bacterial toxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Therefore, we examined the effects of dasatinib (DAS), a Src inhibitor, on airway inflammation in mice induced by ovalbumin (OVA) and LPS. Male A/J mice were sensitized to OVA Day -14 and -7, challenged with intranasal OVA on Day 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8, and on Day 10, mice were also challenged with OVA via inhalation. Mice were treated intranasally with DAS or fluticasone propionate (FP), a glucocorticoid, twice daily for 3 d starting 1 d after OVA inhalation. Moreover, some mice were also administrated LPS 2 h after DAS or FP treatment to model of asthma exacerbation. One day after the last intervention, lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected. DAS attenuated the accumulation of inflammatory cells and cytokines/chemokines in BALF induced by both OVA and OVA+LPS, while FP did not reduce accumulations induced by OVA+LPS. Therefore, targeting SFKs may be a superior therapeutic approach for asthma exacerbation by infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nishimoto
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Genki Kimura
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of pharmacy, Nihon University
| | - Kazuhiro Ito
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London
| | - Yasuo Kizawa
- Laboratory of Physiology and Anatomy, School of pharmacy, Nihon University
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2
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Shim KS, Song HK, Hwang YH, Chae S, Kim HK, Jang S, Kim YH, Choo BK, Yang WK, Kim SH, Kim T, Kim KM. Ethanol extract of Veronica persica ameliorates house dust mite-induced asthmatic inflammation by inhibiting STAT-3 and STAT-6 activation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113264. [PMID: 35696941 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Veronica persica is a flowering plant belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae. Here, we aimed to evaluate the pharmacological activity of the ethanol extract of Veronica persica (EEVP) in an airway inflammation model. We examined airway responsiveness to aerosolized methacholine, serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E levels, and total cell numbers in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Histological analysis of the lung tissue was performed using hematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome, or periodic acid-Schiff staining. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis in the lung and BALF was applied to clarify the changes in immune cell types. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were applied to investigate cytokine levels and gene expression related to airway inflammation. STAT-3/6 phosphorylation was examined in primary bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells using western blot analysis. EEVP significantly suppressed total IgE levels and methacholine-induced increase of Penh value in the HDM-challenged mouse model. EEVP also attenuated the severity of airway remodeling in lung tissues and decreased eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration in the lungs and BALF. EEVP significantly reduced the production of cytokines in BAL and splenocyte culture medium, and the expression of mRNAs related to airway inflammation in the lung tissue. EEVP suppressed IL-4/13-induced STAT-3/6 phosphorylation in the epithelial cells. We showed for the first time that EEVP effectively inhibits eosinophilic airway inflammation by suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors for T cell activation and polarization, and inhibits MCP-1 production of bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells by suppressing STAT-3/6 activation. EEVP may be a potential pharmacological agent to prevent inflammatory airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Shuk Shim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Song
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hwan Hwang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwook Chae
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kyoung Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol Jang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Kil Choo
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Yang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyung Kim
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesoo Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Mo Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Wang YT, Liu HC, Chen HC, Lee YC, Tsai TC, Chen HL, Fan HC, Chen CM. Oral immunotherapy with the ingestion of house dust mite extract in a murine model of allergic asthma. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2018; 14:43. [PMID: 30356799 PMCID: PMC6190578 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-018-0269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) has the potential to modify allergic diseases, and it is also considered a potential therapy for allergic asthma. House dust mite (HDM) allergens, a common source of airborne allergen in human diseases, have been developed as an immunotherapy for patients with allergic asthma via the subcutaneous and sublingual routes. Oral immunotherapy with repeated allergen ingestion is emerging as another potential modality of ASIT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the oral ingestion of HDM extracts in a murine model of allergic asthma. Methods BABL/c mice were sensitized twice by intraperitoneal injection of HDM extracts and Al(OH)3 on day 1 and day 8. Then, the mice received challenge to induce airway inflammation by intratracheal instillation of HDM extracts on days 29–31. The treatment group received immunotherapy with oral HDM extracts ingestion before the challenge. All the mice were sacrificed on day 32 for bronchoalveolar inflammatory cytokines, mediastinal lymph node T cells, lung histology, and serum HDM-specific immunoglobulins analyses. Results Upon HDM sensitization and following challenge, a robust Th2 cell response and eosinophilic airway inflammation were observed in mice of the positive control group. The mice treated with HDM extracts ingestion had decreased eosinophilic airway inflammation, suppressed HDM-specific Th2 cell responses in the mediastinal lymph nodes, and attenuated serum HDM-specific IgE levels. Conclusions Oral immunotherapy with HDM extracts ingestion was demonstrated to have a partial therapeutic effect in the murine model of allergic asthma. This study may serve as the basis for the further development of oral immunotherapy with HDM extracts in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Tung Wang
- 1Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,2School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Chung Liu
- 2School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,3Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,4Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Chen
- 5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ching Lee
- 4Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Tung-Chou Tsai
- 4Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Bioresources, Da-Yeh University, Changhwa, Taiwan
| | - Hueng-Chuen Fan
- 7Department of Pediatrics, Tungs' Taichung Metroharbor Hospital, No. 699, Sec. 8, Taiwan Blvd., Wuchi, Taichung, 435 Taiwan.,8Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung Metroharbor Hospital, No. 699, Sec. 8, Taiwan Blvd., Wuchi, Taichung, 435 Taiwan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- 4Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, 402 Taiwan.,10The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,11Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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4
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Agua-Doce A, Caridade M, Oliveira VG, Bergman L, Lafaille MC, Lafaille JJ, Demengeot J, Graca L. Route of Antigen Presentation Can Determine the Selection of Foxp3-Dependent or Foxp3-Independent Dominant Immune Tolerance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:101-109. [PMID: 29167234 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that dominant tolerance, namely in transplantation, requires Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Although most tolerance-inducing regimens rely on regulatory T cells, we found that induction of tolerance to proteins in aluminum hydroxide can be achieved in Foxp3-deficient mice using nondepleting anti-CD4 Abs. This type of tolerance is Ag specific, and tolerant mice retain immune competence to respond to unrelated Ags. We demonstrated with chicken OVA-specific TCR-transgenic mice that the same tolerizing protocol (CD4 blockade) and the same target Ag (OVA) achieves Foxp3-dependent transplantation tolerance to OVA-expressing skin grafts, but Foxp3-independent tolerance when the Ag is provided as OVA-aluminum hydroxide. In the latter case, we found that tolerance induction triggered recessive mechanisms leading to elimination of effector cells and, simultaneously, a dominant mechanism associated with the emergence of an anergic and regulatory CTLA-4+IL-2lowFoxp3- T cell population, where the tolerance state is IL-10 dependent. Such Foxp3-independent mechanisms can improve the efficacy of tolerance-inducing protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Agua-Doce
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; and
| | - Marta Caridade
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; and
| | - Vanessa G Oliveira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; and
| | - Lisa Bergman
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; and
| | - Maria C Lafaille
- Department of Pathology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Juan J Lafaille
- Department of Pathology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | | | - Luis Graca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; .,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; and
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5
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Wu CJ, Lu CH, Chen LC, Nguyen DT, Huang YS, Lin HH, Lin CY, Kuo ML. CD4 down regulation and raft dissociation by the non-depleting YTS177 antibody hinder murine T helper cell activities. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:973-979. [PMID: 27045081 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Non-depleting YTS177 anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) has been reported to lead to antigen-specific immunotolerance in allograft transplantation and autoimmune diabetes, as well as possibly to inhibition of allergic inflammation in mice. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hyporesponsive T cell responses induced by YTS177 MoAb remain elusive. Herein, we demonstrate that the YTS177 MoAb increases the levels of anergy factors p27(kip1) and Cbl-b, inhibits IL-2 production, and impairs calcium mobilization in activated T cells in vitro. YTS177 MoAb suppresses OVA-driven proliferation of DO11.10 CD4(+) T cells in vivo as well. Mechanistically, YTS177 MoAb induces tolerance by causing CD4 down-regulation through clathrin-dependent and raft dissociation. The results obtained in this study lead us to propose novel protective or curative approaches to CD4 T cell-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Jang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chun-Hao Lu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Duc T Nguyen
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yi-Shu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hsien Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
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6
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Graca L. Transplantation tolerance: context matters. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:1921-5. [PMID: 26031651 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Costimulation blockade has been one of the most studied strategies to achieve immune tolerance, particularly in transplantation. Yet, in spite of the robust nature of the tolerance-inducing potential of costimulation blockade, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tolerance induction is still missing. Nevertheless, progress has been continuously made. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Chai et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2015. 45: 2017-2027] show that transplantation tolerance induced with an anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody relies on the coexistence of several tolerogenic mechanisms rather than one simple regulatory mechanism. These observations highlight the importance of concerted actions involving multiple pathways, namely apoptosis, acquisition of regulatory cells, or inhibition of proliferation, all of which contribute to the induction and maintenance of robust immune tolerance. A better understanding of these distinct tolerogenic pathways may lead to the development of better tolerance-inducing therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Graca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciências, Oeiras, Portugal
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7
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Caridade M, Oliveira VG, Agua-Doce A, Graca L, Ribeiro RM. The fate of CD4+ T cells under tolerance-inducing stimulation: a modeling perspective. Immunol Cell Biol 2013; 91:652-60. [PMID: 24145855 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2013.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Non-depleting anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) induce long-term dominant tolerance mediated by regulatory T cells in several animal models of transplantation, allergy and autoimmunity. However, despite many studies on tolerance induction following CD4 blockade, the consequences of this intervention on T-cell kinetics are still unknown. Mathematical models have been useful to understand lymphocyte dynamics, estimating rates of proliferation and cell death following an intervention. Using the same strategy, we found that CD4(+) T cells activated in vitro in the presence of non-depleting anti-CD4 MAbs are prevented from undergoing optimal proliferation and show a higher frequency of apoptosis. Although the changes are small, during the course of a proliferative response, they lead to very distinct final levels of cell numbers. The importance of these mechanisms, predicted by the mathematical model, was validated by showing that lck-driven Bcl-x(L) transgenic mice, bearing T cells resistant to apoptosis, fail to become tolerant to skin grafts following CD4-blockade. Our data show that, in addition to induction of regulatory T cells, CD4 blockade has a marked effect in the effector T-cell pool by the combined action of hindering proliferation while favoring apoptosis. It is, therefore, the combination of all those mechanisms that leads to stable tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Caridade
- 1] Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal [2] Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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8
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Adjuvant facilitates tolerance induction to factor VIII in hemophilic mice through a Foxp3-independent mechanism that relies on IL-10. Blood 2013; 121:3936-45, S1. [PMID: 23532736 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-09-457135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatment of hemophilia consists of the administration of recombinant clotting factors, such as factor VIII (FVIII). However, patients with severe hemophilia can mount immune responses targeting therapeutically administered FVIII through inhibitory immunoglobulins that limit treatment efficacy. Induction of immune tolerance to FVIII in hemophilia has been extensively studied but remains an unmet need. We found that nondepleting anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are effective in inducing long-term tolerance to FVIII in different strains of hemophilic mice. Tolerance induction was facilitated when anti-CD4 mAbs were administered together with FVIII adsorbed in an adjuvant (alum). The observed state of tolerance was antigen specific, with mice remaining immune competent to respond to different antigens. Importantly, we found that following immunization with FVIII, the primed cells remained susceptible to tolerance induction. Studies with Foxp3-deficient and interleukin 10 (IL-10)-deficient mice demonstrated that the underlying tolerance mechanism is Foxp3 independent but requires IL-10. Our data show that an adjuvant, when administered together with a tolerizing agent such as nondepleting anti-CD4, can facilitate the induction of long-term tolerance to recombinant proteins, possibly not only in hemophilia but also in other diseases that are treated with potentially immunogenic therapeutics.
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9
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Regulatory T cells and the control of the allergic response. J Allergy (Cairo) 2012; 2012:948901. [PMID: 23056063 PMCID: PMC3465992 DOI: 10.1155/2012/948901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of immune regulation and tolerance has been traditionally associated with self/nonself-discrimination. However, the finding that dominant tolerance, a model that puts in evidence the active role of regulatory T cells, can develop to nonself-antigens suggests that the imposition of tolerance can be context dependent. This paper reviews the emerging field of acquired immune tolerance to non-self antigens, with an emphasis on the different subsets of induced regulatory T cells that appear to specialize in specific functional niches. Such regulatory mechanisms are important in preventing the onset of allergic diseases in healthy individuals. In addition, it may be possible to take advantage of these immune regulatory mechanisms for the induction of tolerance in cases where pathological immune responses are generated to allergens occurring in nature, but also to other immunogens such as biological drugs developed for medical therapies.
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10
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Duarte J, Carrié N, Oliveira VG, Almeida C, Agua-Doce A, Rodrigues L, Simas JP, Mars LT, Graca L. T cell apoptosis and induction of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells underlie the therapeutic efficacy of CD4 blockade in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:1680-8. [PMID: 22802417 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis requires the participation of effector neuroantigen-specific T cells. Thus, T cell targeting has been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy. However, the mechanism underlying effective disease prevention following T cell targeting remains incompletely known. We found, using several TCR-transgenic strains, that CD4 blockade is effective in preventing experimental autoimmune encephalopathy and in treating mice after the disease onset. The mechanism does not rely on direct T cell depletion, but the anti-CD4 mAb prevents the proliferation of naive neuroantigen-specific T cells, as well as acquisition of effector Th1 and Th17 phenotypes. Simultaneously, the mAb favors peripheral conversion of Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells. Pre-existing effector cells, or neuroantigen-specific cells that undergo cell division despite the presence of anti-CD4, are committed to apoptosis. Therefore, protection from experimental autoimmune encephalopathy relies on a combination of dominant mechanisms grounded on regulatory T cell induction and recessive mechanisms based on apoptosis of neuropathogenic cells. We anticipate that the same mechanisms may be implicated in other T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases that can be treated or prevented with Abs targeting T cell molecules, such as CD4 or CD3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Duarte
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
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11
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Duarte J, Caridade M, Graca L. CD4-blockade can induce protection from peanut-induced anaphylaxis. Front Immunol 2011; 2:56. [PMID: 22566846 PMCID: PMC3341953 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2011.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have been shown effective in inducing immune tolerance in a range of animal models of autoimmunity, allergy, and transplantation. We investigated whether CD4-blockade, effective in inducing transplantation tolerance, could prevent systemic immune responses leading to anaphylaxis. We found that treatment with a non-depleting anti-CD4 mAb could prevent peanut-induced anaphylaxis following subsequent systemic exposure to crude peanut extract (CPE). Furthermore, the effect of CD4-blockade did not interfere with overall immune competence, as anti-CD4 treated mice remained fully competent to respond to unrelated antigens. Protection from anaphylaxis correlated with increased frequency of Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells (Treg), and was abrogated following Treg depletion. Taken together our data suggest that activation of T cells by CPE in presence of CD4-blockade leads to Treg expansion that can prevent peanut-induced anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Duarte
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, University of Lisbon Lisbon, Portugal
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