1
|
Beckers C, Pruschy M, Vetrugno I. Tumor hypoxia and radiotherapy: A major driver of resistance even for novel radiotherapy modalities. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 98:19-30. [PMID: 38040401 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia in solid tumors is an important predictor of poor clinical outcome to radiotherapy. Both physicochemical and biological processes contribute to a reduced sensitivity of hypoxic tumor cells to ionizing radiation and hypoxia-related treatment resistances. A conventional low-dose fractionated radiotherapy regimen exploits iterative reoxygenation in between the individual fractions, nevertheless tumor hypoxia still remains a major hurdle for successful treatment outcome. The technological advances achieved in image guidance and highly conformal dose delivery make it nowadays possible to prescribe larger doses to the tumor as part of single high-dose or hypofractionated radiotherapy, while keeping an acceptable level of normal tissue complication in the co-irradiated organs at risk. However, we insufficiently understand the impact of tumor hypoxia to single high-doses of RT and hypofractionated RT. So-called FLASH radiotherapy, which delivers ionizing radiation at ultrahigh dose rates (> 40 Gy/sec), has recently emerged as an important breakthrough in the radiotherapy field to reduce normal tissue toxicity compared to irradiation at conventional dose rates (few Gy/min). Not surprisingly, oxygen consumption and tumor hypoxia also seem to play an intriguing role for FLASH radiotherapy. Here we will discuss the role of tumor hypoxia for radiotherapy in general and in the context of novel radiotherapy treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Beckers
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Pruschy
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Irene Vetrugno
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bi J, Witt E, Voltarelli VA, Feig VR, Venkatachalam V, Boyce H, McGovern M, Gutierrez WR, Rytlewski JD, Bowman KR, Rhodes AC, Cook AN, Muller BN, Smith MG, Ramos AR, Panchal H, Dodd RD, Henry MD, Mailloux A, Traverso G, Otterbein LE, Byrne JD. Low-Cost, High-Pressure-Synthesized Oxygen-Entrapping Materials to Improve Treatment of Solid Tumors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205995. [PMID: 36727291 PMCID: PMC10074083 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia drives resistance to many cancer therapies, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Methods that increase tumor oxygen pressures, such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy and microbubble infusion, are utilized to improve the responses to current standard-of-care therapies. However, key obstacles remain, in particular delivery of oxygen at the appropriate dose and with optimal pharmacokinetics. Toward overcoming these hurdles, gas-entrapping materials (GeMs) that are capable of tunable oxygen release are formulated. It is shown that injection or implantation of these materials into tumors can mitigate tumor hypoxia by delivering oxygen locally and that these GeMs enhance responsiveness to radiation and chemotherapy in multiple tumor types. This paper also demonstrates, by comparing an oxygen (O2 )-GeM to a sham GeM, that the former generates an antitumorigenic and immunogenic tumor microenvironment in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Collectively the results indicate that the use of O2 -GeMs is promising as an adjunctive strategy for the treatment of solid tumors.
Collapse
|
3
|
Tschanz F, Bender S, Telarovic I, Waller V, Speck RF, Pruschy M. The ADAM17-directed Inhibitory Antibody MEDI3622 Antagonizes Radiotherapy-induced VEGF Release and Sensitizes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer for Radiotherapy. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 1:164-177. [PMID: 36860547 PMCID: PMC9973400 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-21-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The cellular response to ionizing radiation (IR) depends on tumor cell and microenvironmental factors. Here, we investigated the role of IR-induced ADAM17 matrix metalloproteinase activity for the intercellular communication between tumor cells and the tumor vasculature in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor models. Factors shed by ADAM17 from NSCLC tumor cells (A549, H358) and relevant for endothelial cell migration were investigated using transwell migration assays, ELISA, and flow cytometry. Tumor angiogenesis-related endpoints were analyzed with the chorio-allantoic membrane assay and in murine NSCLC tumor models. Efficacy-oriented experiments were performed in a murine orthotopic NSCLC tumor model using irradiation with an image-guided small-animal radiotherapy platform alone and in combination with the novel ADAM17-directed antibody MEDI3622. In vitro, VEGF was identified as the major factor responsible for IR-induced and ADAM17-dependent endothelial cell migration toward attracting tumor cells. IR strongly enhanced tumor cell-associated ADAM17 activity, released VEGF in an ADAM17-dependent manner, and thereby coordinated the communication between tumor and endothelial cells. In vivo, tumor growth and microvessel size and density were strongly decreased in response to the combined treatment modality of IR and MEDI3622 but not by either treatment modality alone and thus suggest that the supra-additive effect of the combined treatment modality is in part due to abrogation of the ADAM17-mediated IR-induced protective effect on the tumor vasculature. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the novel ADAM17-inhibitory antibody MEDI3622 potently improves the radiotherapy response of NSCLC. Significance The tumor response to radiotherapy is influenced by several factors of the tumor microenvironment. We demonstrate that inhibition of the sheddase ADAM17 by the novel antibody MEDI3622 reduces IR-induced VEGF release from tumor cells relevant for endothelial cell migration and vasculature protection, thereby enhancing radiotherapy treatment outcome of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Tschanz
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Bender
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irma Telarovic
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Verena Waller
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roberto F. Speck
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Pruschy
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Corresponding Author: Martin Pruschy, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich CH-8091, Switzerland. Phone: 0041-44-635-50-04; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Grgic I, Tschanz F, Borgeaud N, Gupta A, Clavien PA, Guckenberger M, Graf R, Pruschy M. Tumor Oxygenation by Myo-Inositol Trispyrophosphate Enhances Radiation Response. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 110:1222-1233. [PMID: 33587991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor hypoxia is a major limiting factor for successful radiation therapy outcomes, with hypoxic cells being up to 3-fold more radiation resistant than normoxic cells; tumor hypoxia creates a tumor microenvironment that is hostile to immune response. Thus, pharmaceutical-induced tumor oxygenation before radiation therapy represents an interesting method to enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy. Myo-inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP) triggers a decrease in the affinity of oxygen to hemoglobin, which leads to an increased release of oxygen upon tissue demand, including in hypoxic tumors. METHODS AND MATERIALS The combined treatment modality of high-dose bolus ITPP with a single high-dose fraction of ionizing radiation (IR) was investigated for its mechanics and efficacy in multiple preclinical animal tumor models in immunocompromised and immunocompetent mice. The dynamics of tumor oxygenation were determined by serial hypoxia-oriented bioimaging. Initial and residual DNA damage and the integrity of the tumor vasculature were quantified on the immunohistochemical level in response to the different treatment combinations. RESULTS ITPP application did not affect tumor growth as a single treatment modality, but it rapidly induced tumor oxygenation, as demonstrated by in vivo imaging, and significantly reduced tumor growth when combined with IR. An immunohistochemical analysis of γH2AX foci demonstrated increased initial and residual IR-induced DNA damage as the primary mechanism for radiosensitization within initially hypoxic but ITPP-oxygenated tumor regions. Scheduling experiments revealed that ITPP increases the efficacy of ionizing radiation only when applied before radiation therapy. Irradiation alone damaged the tumor vasculature and increased tumor hypoxia, which were both prevented by combined treatment with ITPP. Interestingly, the combined treatment modality also promoted increased immune cell infiltration. CONCLUSIONS ITPP-mediated tumor oxygenation and vascular protection triggers immediate and delayed processes to enhance the efficacy of ionizing radiation for successful radiation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Grgic
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Tschanz
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Borgeaud
- Laboratory of the Swiss-Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) Centre, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anurag Gupta
- Laboratory of the Swiss-Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) Centre, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Alain Clavien
- Laboratory of the Swiss-Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) Centre, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Guckenberger
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Graf
- Laboratory of the Swiss-Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) Centre, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Pruschy
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng X, Qiu J, Wang S, Yang Y, Guo M, Wang D, Luo Q, Xu L. Comprehensive circular RNA profiling identifies CircFAM120A as a new biomarker of hypoxic lung adenocarcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:442. [PMID: 31700878 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.08.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Hypoxia is crucial in the initiation and progression of tumor metastasis. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) comprise a novel group of non-coding, RNase R resistant and regulatory RNAs which are generated by 'back-splicing' processes. However, the characterization and function of circRNAs in hypoxic cancer cells remain unknown. Methods High throughput RNA-seq assay was performed in lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) under either normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed circRNAs was conducted and their target genes were predicted and partially confirmed. Results Hypoxia increased the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and its downstream genes in A549 cells and enhanced cell migration ability. Comprehensive analysis of global circRNAs expression profiles of A549 identified a total of 558 circRNAs candidates, among which 65 circRNAs were differentially expressed (35 upregulated and 30 downregulated) in hypoxic cancer cells. The difference in their circRNA expressions were compared by computational analysis and circRNA-miRNA networks were constructed. We further characterized one circRNA (hsa_circ_0008193) derived from the FAM120A gene and renamed it as circFAM120A. The expression of circFAM120A, as validated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, was significantly downregulated in both hypoxic A549 and lung cancer tissue from patients with lymph node metastasis. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that circFAM120A may participate in lung cancer development. Conclusions CircRNAs profiles were altered in lung adenocarcinoma under hypoxia and circFAM120A may have the potential to be a new biomarker of lung adenocarcinoma hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Cheng
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sainan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yunhai Yang
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Mingwei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingquan Luo
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li B, Li C, Guo M, Shang S, Li X, Xie P, Sun X, Yu J, Wang L. Predictive value of LDH kinetics in bevacizumab treatment and survival of patients with advanced NSCLC. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:6287-6294. [PMID: 30310292 PMCID: PMC6166744 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s171566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The combination of bevacizumab and chemotherapy is still one of the standard treatments for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in the new era of targeted therapy. Although a high level of baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was found to predict survival benefit from bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, the predictive value of serum level of LDH in NSCLC patients treated with bevacizumab has not been investigated yet. Moreover, dynamic evaluation of serum level of LDH changes may be more informative and promising in predicting patients' prognosis. We thus sought to analyze LDH kinetics and evaluate its predictive role in the response and survival of advanced NSCLC patients treated with bevacizumab. Method We retrospectively collected and analyzed a total of 161 advanced NSCLC patients who had undergone treatment with bevacizumab. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of serum level of LDH were used for response analyses, and Cox models for both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival analyses (PFS). Longitudinal analysis of LDH was performed using a mixed-effect regression model. Results On multivariate Cox models, increase of serum level of LDH after 4 cycles with bevacizumab (INC4) treatment was shown to be the independent risk factor for OS (hazard ratio =2.17, 95% CI: 1.21-3.90, P=0.009), and the serum level of LDH after 2 cycles (LDH2) and the increase of LDH after 6 cycles with bevacizumab (INC6) treatment were the predictive factors for PFS (hazard ratio =2.33, 95% CI: 1.38-3.93, P=0.001; hazard ratio =1.96, 95% CI: 1.27-3.03, P=0.002, respectively). Patients with increase of serum level of LDH after 2 cycles of treatment with bevacizumab (INC2) (odds ratio =3.75, 95% CI: 1.83-7.68, P<0.001) were more likely to attain stable disease/progressive disease on multivariate logistic regression analyses, while patients with complete response (CR)/partial response (PR) experienced a reduction of serum level of LDH every 2 cycles (Coef =-0.076, std error =0.017, P<0.001) over time. Conclusion Dynamic changes of LDH were superior to baseline LDH in predicting prognosis of NSCLC patients treated with bevacizumab. Serum level of LDH reducing over time was a potential biomarker for patients to achieve good clinical response (CR/PR) to bevacizumab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Butuo Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Dean's Office, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiying Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China, , .,Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuheng Shang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China, , .,Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Xindong Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nytko KJ, Grgic I, Bender S, Ott J, Guckenberger M, Riesterer O, Pruschy M. The hypoxia-activated prodrug evofosfamide in combination with multiple regimens of radiotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:23702-23712. [PMID: 28423594 PMCID: PMC5410338 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The promising treatment combination of ionizing radiation (IR) with a hypoxia-activated prodrug (HAP) is based on biological cooperation. Here we investigated the hypoxia-activated prodrug evofosfamide in combination with different treatment regimens of IR against lung A549- and head&neck UT-SCC-14-derived tumor xenografts. DNA damage-related endpoints and clonogenic cell survival of A549 and UT-SCC-14 carcinoma cells were probed under normoxia and hypoxia.Evofosfamide (TH-302) induced DNA-damage and a dose-dependent antiproliferative response in A549 cells on cellular pretreatment under hypoxia, and supra-additively reduced clonogenic survival in combination with IR. Concomitant treatment of A549-derived tumor xenografts with evofosfamide and fractionated irradiation induced the strongest treatment response in comparison to the corresponding neoadjuvant and adjuvant regimens. Adjuvant evofosfamide was more potent than concomitant and neoadjuvant evofosfamide when combined with a single high dose of IR. Hypoxic UT-SCC-14 cells and tumor xenografts thereof were resistant to evofosfamide alone and in combination with IR, most probably due to reduced P450 oxidoreductase expression, which might act as major predictive determinant of sensitivity to HAPs.In conclusion, evofosfamide with IR is a potent combined treatment modality against hypoxic tumors. However, the efficacy and the therapeutic outcome of this combined treatment modality is, as indicated here in preclinical tumor models, dependent on scheduling parameters and tumor type, which is most probably related to the status of respective HAP-activating oxidoreductases. Further biomarker development is necessary for the launch of successful clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna J. Nytko
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Clinical Research Priority Program “Tumor Oxygenation”, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Grgic
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Clinical Research Priority Program “Tumor Oxygenation”, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Bender
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Janosch Ott
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Oliver Riesterer
- Clinical Research Priority Program “Tumor Oxygenation”, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Pruschy
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Clinical Research Priority Program “Tumor Oxygenation”, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Limani P, Borgeaud N, Linecker M, Tschuor C, Kachaylo E, Schlegel A, Jang JH, Ungethüm U, Montani M, Graf R, Humar B, Clavien PA. Selective portal vein injection for the design of syngeneic models of liver malignancy. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 310:G682-8. [PMID: 26893160 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00209.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Liver metastases are the most frequent cause of death due to colorectal cancer (CRC). Syngeneic orthotopic animal models, based on the grafting of cancer cells or tissue in host liver, are efficient systems for studying liver tumors and their (patho)physiological environment. Here we describe selective portal vein injection as a novel tool to generate syngeneic orthotopic models of liver tumors that avoid most of the weaknesses of existing syngeneic models. By combining portal vein injection of cancer cells with the selective clamping of distal liver lobes, tumor growth is limited to specific lobes. When applied on MC-38 CRC cells and their mouse host C57BL6, selective portal vein injection leads with 100% penetrance to MRI-detectable tumors within 1 wk, followed by a steady growth until the time of death (survival ∼7 wk) in the absence of extrahepatic disease. Similar results were obtained using CT-26 cells and their syngeneic Balb/c hosts. As a proof of principle, lobe-restricted liver tumors were also generated using Hepa1-6 (C57BL6-syngeneic) and TIB-75 (Balb/c-syngeneic) hepatocellular cancer cells, demonstrating the general applicability of selective portal vein injection for the induction of malignant liver tumors. Selective portal vein injection is technically straightforward, enables liver invasion via anatomical routes, preserves liver function, and provides unaffected liver tissue. The tumor models are reproducible and highly penetrant, with survival mainly dependent on the growth of lobe-restricted liver malignancy. These models enable biological studies and preclinical testing within short periods of time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perparim Limani
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Nathalie Borgeaud
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Michael Linecker
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Christoph Tschuor
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Ekaterina Kachaylo
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Andrea Schlegel
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Jae-Hwi Jang
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Udo Ungethüm
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Matteo Montani
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Graf
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Bostjan Humar
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| | - Pierre-Alain Clavien
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Das V, Štěpánková J, Hajdúch M, Miller JH. Role of tumor hypoxia in acquisition of resistance to microtubule-stabilizing drugs. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2015; 1855:172-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
10
|
Broggini-Tenzer A, Sharma A, Nytko KJ, Bender S, Vuong V, Orlowski K, Hug D, O'Reilly T, Pruschy M. Combined treatment strategies for microtubule stabilizing agent-resistant tumors. J Natl Cancer Inst 2015; 107:dju504. [PMID: 25694444 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to microtubule-stabilizing agents is a major hurdle for successful cancer therapy. We investigated combined treatment of microtubule-stabilizing agents (MSAs) with inhibitors of angiogenesis to overcome MSA resistance. METHODS Treatment regimens of clinically relevant MSAs (patupilone and paclitaxel) and antiangiogenic agents (everolimus and bevacizumab) were investigated in genetically defined MSA-resistant lung (A549EpoB40) and colon adenocarcinoma (SW480) tumor xenografts in nude mice (CD1-Foxn1<nu>, ICRnu; 5-14 per group). Tumor growth delays were calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis with Holm-Sidak tests. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Inhibition of mTOR-kinase by everolimus only minimally reduced the proliferative activity of β tubulin-mutated lung adenocarcinoma cells alone and in combination with the MSA patupilone, but everolimus inhibited expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from these cells. mTOR-kinase inhibition strongly sensitized tumor xenografts derived from these otherwise MSA-resistant tumor cells to patupilone. Tumors treated with the combined modality of everolimus and patupilone had statistically significantly reduced tumor volume and stronger tumor growth delay (16.2 ± 1.01 days) than control- (7.7 ± 0.3 days, P = .004), patupilone- (10 ± 0.97 days, P = .009), and everolimus-treated (10.6 ± 1.4 days, P = .014) tumors. A combined treatment modality with bevacizumab also resensitized this MSA-refractory tumor model to patupilone. Treatment combination also strongly reduced microvessel density, corroborating the relevance of VEGF targeting for the known antivasculature-directed potency of MSA alone in MSA-sensitive tumor models. Resensitization to MSAs was also probed in P glycoprotein-overexpressing SW480-derived tumor xenografts. Different bevacizumab regimens also sensitized this otherwise-resistant tumor model to clinically relevant MSA paclitaxel. CONCLUSIONS A treatment combination of MSAs with antiangiogenic agents is potent to overcome tumor cell-linked MSA resistance and should be considered as strategy for MSA-refractory tumor entities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Broggini-Tenzer
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (ABT, AS, KJN, SB, VV, KO, DH, TOR, MP); Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (DH); Clinical Research Priority Program Tumor Oxygenation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (KJN, MP).Current affiliation: Novartis Pharma Switzerland (KO)
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (ABT, AS, KJN, SB, VV, KO, DH, TOR, MP); Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (DH); Clinical Research Priority Program Tumor Oxygenation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (KJN, MP).Current affiliation: Novartis Pharma Switzerland (KO)
| | - Katarzyna J Nytko
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (ABT, AS, KJN, SB, VV, KO, DH, TOR, MP); Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (DH); Clinical Research Priority Program Tumor Oxygenation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (KJN, MP).Current affiliation: Novartis Pharma Switzerland (KO)
| | - Sabine Bender
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (ABT, AS, KJN, SB, VV, KO, DH, TOR, MP); Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (DH); Clinical Research Priority Program Tumor Oxygenation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (KJN, MP).Current affiliation: Novartis Pharma Switzerland (KO)
| | - Van Vuong
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (ABT, AS, KJN, SB, VV, KO, DH, TOR, MP); Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (DH); Clinical Research Priority Program Tumor Oxygenation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (KJN, MP).Current affiliation: Novartis Pharma Switzerland (KO)
| | - Katrin Orlowski
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (ABT, AS, KJN, SB, VV, KO, DH, TOR, MP); Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (DH); Clinical Research Priority Program Tumor Oxygenation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (KJN, MP).Current affiliation: Novartis Pharma Switzerland (KO)
| | - Daniel Hug
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (ABT, AS, KJN, SB, VV, KO, DH, TOR, MP); Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (DH); Clinical Research Priority Program Tumor Oxygenation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (KJN, MP).Current affiliation: Novartis Pharma Switzerland (KO)
| | - Terence O'Reilly
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (ABT, AS, KJN, SB, VV, KO, DH, TOR, MP); Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (DH); Clinical Research Priority Program Tumor Oxygenation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (KJN, MP).Current affiliation: Novartis Pharma Switzerland (KO)
| | - Martin Pruschy
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (ABT, AS, KJN, SB, VV, KO, DH, TOR, MP); Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (DH); Clinical Research Priority Program Tumor Oxygenation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (KJN, MP).Current affiliation: Novartis Pharma Switzerland (KO).
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Son A, Kawasaki A, Hara D, Ito T, Tanabe K. Phosphorescent Ruthenium Complexes with a Nitroimidazole Unit that Image Oxygen Fluctuation in Tumor Tissue. Chemistry 2014; 21:2527-36. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
12
|
Shen CJ, Sharma A, Vuong DV, Erler JT, Pruschy M, Broggini-Tenzer A. Ionizing radiation induces tumor cell lysyl oxidase secretion. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:532. [PMID: 25052686 PMCID: PMC4223762 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ionizing radiation (IR) is a mainstay of cancer therapy, but irradiation can at times also lead to stress responses, which counteract IR-induced cytotoxicity. IR also triggers cellular secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor β and matrix metalloproteinases, among others, to promote tumor progression. Lysyl oxidase is known to play an important role in hypoxia-dependent cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. Here, we investigated the effects of IR on the expression and secretion of lysyl oxidase (LOX) from tumor cells. Methods LOX-secretion along with enzymatic activity was investigated in multiple tumor cell lines in response to irradiation. Transwell migration assays were performed to evaluate invasive capacity of naïve tumor cells in response to IR-induced LOX. In vivo studies for confirming IR-enhanced LOX were performed employing immunohistochemistry of tumor tissues and ex vivo analysis of murine blood serum derived from locally irradiated A549-derived tumor xenografts. Results LOX was secreted in a dose dependent way from several tumor cell lines in response to irradiation. IR did not increase LOX-transcription but induced LOX-secretion. LOX-secretion could not be prevented by the microtubule stabilizing agent patupilone. In contrast, hypoxia induced LOX-transcription, and interestingly, hypoxia-dependent LOX-secretion could be counteracted by patupilone. Conditioned media from irradiated tumor cells promoted invasiveness of naïve tumor cells, while conditioned media from irradiated, LOX- siRNA-silenced cells did not stimulate their invasive capacity. Locally applied irradiation to tumor xenografts also increased LOX-secretion in vivo and resulted in enhanced LOX-levels in the murine blood serum. Conclusions These results indicate a differential regulation of LOX-expression and secretion in response to IR and hypoxia, and suggest that LOX may contribute towards an IR-induced migratory phenotype in sublethally-irradiated tumor cells and tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Martin Pruschy
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | | |
Collapse
|