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Yang X, Tohda C. Diosgenin restores memory function via SPARC-driven axonal growth from the hippocampus to the PFC in Alzheimer's disease model mice. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2398-2411. [PMID: 37085711 PMCID: PMC10611574 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system axons have minimal capacity to regenerate in adult brains, hindering memory recovery in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although recent studies have shown that damaged axons sprouted in adult and AD mouse brains, long-distance axonal re-innervation to their targets has not been achieved. We selectively visualized axon-growing neurons in the neural circuit for memory formation, from the hippocampus to the prefrontal cortex, and showed that damaged axons successfully extended to their native projecting area in mouse models of AD (5XFAD) by administration of an axonal regenerative agent, diosgenin. In vivo transcriptome analysis detected the expression profile of axon-growing neurons directly isolated from the hippocampus of 5XFAD mice. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) was the most expressed gene in axon-growing neurons. Neuron-specific overexpression of SPARC via adeno-associated virus serotype 9 delivery in the hippocampus recovered memory deficits and axonal projection to the prefrontal cortex in 5XFAD mice. DREADDs (Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) analyses revealed that SPARC overexpression-induced axonal growth in the 5XFAD mouse brain directly contributes to memory recovery. Elevated levels of SPARC on axonal membranes interact with extracellular rail-like collagen type I to promote axonal remodeling along their original tracings in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. These findings suggest that SPARC-driven axonal growth in the brain may be a promising therapeutic strategy for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximeng Yang
- Section of Neuromedical Science, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tohda
- Section of Neuromedical Science, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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2
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Atlı Şekeroğlu Z, Şekeroğlu V, Işık S, Aydın B. Trimetazidine alone or in combination with gemcitabine and/or abraxane decreased cell viability, migration and ATP levels and induced apoptosis of human pancreatic cells. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101632. [PMID: 33662778 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trimetazidine (TMZ) is an anti-ischemic agent that can inhibit the fatty acid oxidation. It has been stated that inhibition of fatty acid oxidation may be an acceptable approach to cancer treatment. METHODS We examined the effects of TMZ alone or together with abraxane (ABX) and/or gemcitabine (GEM) on cell viability, apoptosis, adhesion, migration and ATP levels of human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1. RESULTS TMZ significantly reduced the cell viability at higher concentrations. Lower cell viability values were found in cells co-treated with TMZ + GEM, TMZ + ABX and GEM + ABX. The combined treatment of TMZ with ABX and/or GEM significantly increased the apoptosis rates. The highest percentages of apoptosis were found in TMZ + ABX or TMZ + ABX + GEM treatments. TMZ alone or together with ABX and/or GEM significantly reduced the ATP levels. The lowest migration rates were also found at TMZ + ABX and TMZ + ABX + GEM treatments. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first study to indicate that TMZ can induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis and reduce migration and ATP levels, especially in cells co-treated with ABX and/or GEM. A combination strategy based on inhibition of fatty acid oxidation and anticancer drugs may be more effective in the treatment of pancreatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zülal Atlı Şekeroğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, Turkey.
| | - Vedat Şekeroğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, Turkey
| | - Sevil Işık
- Department of General Surgery, Medicana International İzmir Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Birsen Aydın
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
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3
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Ewanchuk BW, Arnold CR, Balce DR, Premnath P, Orsetti TL, Warren AL, Olsen A, Krawetz RJ, Yates RM. A non-immunological role for γ-interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT) in osteoclastic bone resorption. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/17/eabd3684. [PMID: 33893096 PMCID: PMC8064644 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd3684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular bone resorbing lacuna of the osteoclast shares many characteristics with the degradative lysosome of antigen-presenting cells. γ-Interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT) enhances antigen processing within lysosomes through direct reduction of antigen disulfides and maintenance of cysteine protease activity. In this study, we found the osteoclastogenic cytokine RANKL drove expression of GILT in osteoclast precursors in a STAT1-dependent manner, resulting in high levels of GILT in mature osteoclasts, which could be further augmented by γ-interferon. GILT colocalized with the collagen-degrading cysteine protease, cathepsin K, suggesting a role for GILT inside the osteoclastic resorption lacuna. GILT-deficient osteoclasts had reduced bone-resorbing capacity, resulting in impaired bone turnover and an osteopetrotic phenotype in GILT-deficient mice. We demonstrated that GILT could directly reduce the noncollagenous bone matrix protein SPARC, and additionally, enhance collagen degradation by cathepsin K. Together, this work describes a previously unidentified, non-immunological role for GILT in osteoclast-mediated bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Ewanchuk
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Corey R Arnold
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Dale R Balce
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Priyatha Premnath
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Tanis L Orsetti
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Amy L Warren
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Alexandra Olsen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Roman J Krawetz
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Robin M Yates
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
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4
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Hu L, He F, Huang M, Zhao Q, Cheng L, Said N, Zhou Z, Liu F, Dai YS. SPARC promotes insulin secretion through down-regulation of RGS4 protein in pancreatic β cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17581. [PMID: 33067534 PMCID: PMC7567887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74593-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SPARC-deficient mice have been shown to exhibit impaired glucose tolerance and insulin secretion, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we showed that SPARC enhanced the promoting effect of Muscarinic receptor agonist oxotremorine-M on insulin secretion in cultured mouse islets. Overexpression of SPARC down-regulated RGS4, a negative regulator of β-cell M3 muscarinic receptors. Conversely, knockdown of SPARC up-regulated RGS4 in Min6 cells. RGS4 was up-regulated in islets from sparc -/- mice, which correlated with decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Furthermore, inhibition of RGS4 restored GSIS in the islets from sparc -/- mice, and knockdown of RGS4 partially decreased the promoting effect of SPARC on oxotremorine-M-stimulated insulin secretion. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY-294002 abolished SPARC-induced down-regulation of RGS4. Taken together, our data revealed that SPARC promoted GSIS by inhibiting RGS4 in pancreatic β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fengli He
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meifeng Huang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lamei Cheng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Neveen Said
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yan-Shan Dai
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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5
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Kim SY, Lee EH, Park SY, Choi H, Koh JT, Park EK, Kim IS, Kim JE. Ablation of Stabilin-1 Enhances Bone-Resorbing Activity in Osteoclasts In Vitro. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 105:205-214. [PMID: 31025051 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stabilin-1 is a transmembrane receptor that regulates molecule recycling and cell homeostasis by controlling the intracellular trafficking and participates in cell-cell adhesion and transmigration. Stabilin-1 expression is observed in various organs, including bones; however, its function and regulatory mechanisms in the bone remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the physiological function of stabilin-1 in bone cells and tissue using a stabilin-1 knockout (Stab1 KO) mouse model. In wild-type (WT) mice, stabilin-1 was expressed in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and its expression was maintained during osteoblast differentiation but significantly decreased after osteoclast differentiation. There was no difference in osteoblast differentiation and function, or the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers between mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Stab1 KO and WT mice. However, osteoclast differentiation marker levels demonstrated a non-significant increase and bone-resorbing activity was significantly increased in vitro in RANKL-induced osteoclasts from Stab1-deficient bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) compared with those of WT BMMs. Microcomputed tomography showed a negligible difference between WT and Stab1 KO mice in bone volume and trabecular thickness and number. Moreover, no in vivo functional defect in bone formation by osteoblasts was observed in the Stab1 KO mice. The osteoclast surface and number showed an increased tendency in Stab1 KO mice compared to WT mice in vivo, but this difference was not statistically significant. Overall, these results indicate that Stab1 does not play an essential role in in vivo bone development and bone cell function, but it does affect in vitro osteoclast maturation and function for bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Young Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yoon Park
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Choi
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Kyun Park
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In-San Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Chisini LA, Conde MCM, Alcázar JCB, Silva AFD, Nör JE, Tarquinio SBC, Demarco FF. Immunohistochemical Expression of TGF-β1 and Osteonectin in engineered and Ca(OH)2-repaired human pulp tissues. Braz Oral Res 2016; 30:e93. [PMID: 27737353 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2016.vol30.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and osteonectin (ON) in pulp-like tissues developed by tissue engineering and to compare it with the expression of these proteins in pulps treated with Ca(OH)2 therapy. Tooth slices were obtained from non-carious human third molars under sterile procedures. The residual periodontal and pulp soft tissues were removed. Empty pulp spaces of the tooth slice were filled with sodium chloride particles (250-425 µm). PLLA solubilized in 5% chloroform was applied over the salt particles. The tooth slice/scaffold (TS/S) set was stored overnight and then rinsed thoroughly to wash out the salt. Scaffolds were previously sterilized with ethanol (100-70°) and washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). TS/S was treated with 10% EDTA and seeded with dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). Then, TS/S was implanted into the dorsum of immunodeficient mice for 28 days. Human third molars previously treated with Ca(OH)2 for 90 days were also evaluated. Samples were prepared and submitted to histological and immunohistochemical (with anti-TGF-β1, 1:100 and anti-ON, 1:350) analyses. After 28 days, TS/S showed morphological characteristics similar to those observed in dental pulp treated with Ca(OH)2. Ca(OH)2-treated pulps showed the usual repaired pulp characteristics. In TS/S, newly formed tissues and pre-dentin was colored, which elucidated the expression of TGF-β1 and ON. Immunohistochemistry staining of Ca(OH)2-treated pulps showed the same expression patterns. The extracellular matrix displayed a fibrillar pattern under both conditions. Regenerative events in the pulp seem to follow a similar pattern of TGF-β1 and ON expression as the repair processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Alexandre Chisini
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, School of Dentistry,Post Graduation Program in Dentistry, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adriana Fernandes da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, School of Dentistry,Post Graduation Program in Dentistry, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Jacques Eduardo Nör
- University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Ann Arbor, EUA
| | | | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, School of Dentistry,Post Graduation Program in Dentistry, Pelotas, Brazil
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7
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SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) of the intestinal nematode Strongyloides ratti is involved in mucosa-associated parasite-host interaction. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2016; 207:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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8
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Kaleağasıoğlu F, Berger MR. SIBLINGs and SPARC families: Their emerging roles in pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:14747-14759. [PMID: 25356037 PMCID: PMC4209540 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a considerably poor prognosis with a 5-year survival probability of less than 5% when all stages are combined. Pancreatic cancer is characterized by its dense stroma, which is involved in the critical interplay with the tumor cells throughout tumor progression and furthermore, creates a barrier restricting efficient penetration of therapeutics. Alterations in a large number of genes are reflected by a limited number of signaling pathways, which are potential targets. Understanding more about the molecular basis of this devastating cancer type regarding tumor microenvironment, distinct subpopulations of cells, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inflammation will lead to the development of various targeted therapies for controlling tumor growth and metastasis. In this complex scenario of pancreatic cancer, especially members of the “small integrin binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins” (SIBLINGs) and “secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine” (SPARC) families have emerged due to their prominent roles in properties including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, angiogenesis, wound repair and regulation of extracellular matrix remodeling. SIBLINGs consist of five members, which include osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, dentin sialophosphoprotein and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein. The SPARC family of modular extracellular proteins is comprised of SPARC/osteonectin (ON) and SPARC-like 1 (hevin); secreted modular calcium binding proteins; testicans and follistatin-like protein. In this review, we especially focus on OPN and ON, elaborating on their special and growing importance in pancreatic cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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9
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Wang B, Chen K, Xu W, Chen D, Tang W, Xia TS. Integrative genomic analyses of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine and its role in cancer prediction. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1461-8. [PMID: 24938427 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), also termed osteonectin or basement‑membrane‑40 (BM‑40), is a matrix‑associated protein that elicits changes in cell shape, inhibits cell‑cycle progression and affects the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM). The final mature SPARC protein has 286 amino acids with three distinct domains, including an NH2‑terminal acidic domain (NT), follistatin‑like domain (FS) and C terminus domain (EC). The present study identified SPARC genes from 14 vertebrate genomes and revealed that SPARC existed in all types of vertebrates, including fish, amphibians, birds and mammals. In total, 21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) causing missense mutations were identified, which may affect the formation of the truncated form of the SPARC protein. The human SPARC gene was found to be expressed in numerous tissues or organs, including in the bone marrow, whole blood, lymph node, thymus, brain, cerebellum, retina, heart, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, spinal cord, intestine, colon, adipocyte, kidney, liver, pancreas, thyroid, salivary gland, skin, ovary, uterus, placenta, cervix and prostate. When searched in the PrognoScan database, the human SPARC gene was also found to be expressed in bladder, blood, breast, glioma, esophagus, colorectal, head and neck, ovarian, lung and skin cancer tissues. It was revealed that the association between the expression of SPARC and prognosis varied in different types of cancer, and even in the same cancer from different databases. It implied that the function of SPARC in these tumors may be multidimensional, functioning not just as a tumor suppressor or oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huangpu Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huangpu Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huangpu Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huangpu Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huangpu Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Song Xia
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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10
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Wood DW. New trends and affinity tag designs for recombinant protein purification. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2014; 26:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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11
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Luo Z, Zhou Y, Luo P, Zhao Q, Xiao N, Yu Y, Yan Q, Lu G, Cheng L. SPARC deficiency affects bone marrow stromal function, resulting in impaired B lymphopoiesis. J Leukoc Biol 2014; 96:73-82. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1a0713-415rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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12
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Foster JS, Fish LM, Phipps JE, Bruker CT, Lewis JM, Bell JL, Solomon A, Kestler DP. Odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM) inhibits growth and migration of human melanoma cells and elicits PTEN elevation and inactivation of PI3K/AKT signaling. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:227. [PMID: 23648148 PMCID: PMC3651709 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Odontogenic Ameloblast-associated Protein (ODAM) is expressed in a wide range of normal epithelial, and neoplastic tissues, and we have posited that ODAM serves as a novel prognostic biomarker for breast cancer and melanoma. Transfection of ODAM into breast cancer cells yields suppression of cellular growth, motility, and in vivo tumorigenicity. Herein we have extended these studies to the effects of ODAM on cultured melanoma cell lines. Methods The A375 and C8161 melanoma cell lines were stably transfected with ODAM and assayed for properties associated with tumorigenicity including cell growth, motility, and extracellular matrix adhesion. In addition, ODAM–transfected cells were assayed for signal transduction via AKT which promotes cell proliferation and survival in many neoplasms. Results ODAM expression in A375 and C8161 cells strongly inhibited cell growth and motility in vitro, increased cell adhesion to extracellular matrix, and yielded significant cytoskeletal/morphologic rearrangement. Furthermore, AKT activity was downregulated by ODAM expression while an increase was noted in expression of the PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10) tumor suppressor gene, an antagonist of AKT activation. Increased PTEN in ODAM-expressing cells was associated with increases in PTEN mRNA levels and de novo protein synthesis. Silencing of PTEN expression yielded recovery of AKT activity in ODAM-expressing melanoma cells. Similar PTEN elevation and inhibition of AKT by ODAM was observed in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells while ODAM expression had no effect in PTEN-deficient BT-549 breast cancer cells. Conclusions The apparent anti-neoplastic effects of ODAM in cultured melanoma and breast cancer cells are associated with increased PTEN expression, and suppression of AKT activity. This association should serve to clarify the clinical import of ODAM expression and any role it may serve as an indicator of tumor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Foster
- Department of Medicine, Human Immunology and Cancer Program, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37920, USA
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