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Shellard EM, Rane SS, Eyre S, Warren RB. Functional Genomics and Insights into the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Psoriasis. Biomolecules 2024; 14:548. [PMID: 38785955 PMCID: PMC11117854 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a lifelong, systemic, immune mediated inflammatory skin condition, affecting 1-3% of the world's population, with an impact on quality of life similar to diseases like cancer or diabetes. Genetics are the single largest risk factor in psoriasis, with Genome-Wide Association (GWAS) studies showing that many psoriasis risk genes lie along the IL-23/Th17 axis. Potential psoriasis risk genes determined through GWAS can be annotated and characterised using functional genomics, allowing the identification of novel drug targets and the repurposing of existing drugs. This review is focused on the IL-23/Th17 axis, providing an insight into key cell types, cytokines, and intracellular signaling pathways involved. This includes examination of currently available biological treatments, time to relapse post drug withdrawal, and rates of primary/secondary drug failure, showing the need for greater understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms of psoriasis and how they can impact treatment. This could allow for patient stratification towards the treatment most likely to reduce the burden of disease for the longest period possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elan May Shellard
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Shraddha S. Rane
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (S.S.R.); (S.E.)
| | - Stephen Eyre
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (S.S.R.); (S.E.)
| | - Richard B. Warren
- Dermatology Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M6 8HD, UK;
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
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Bocciarelli C, Cordel N, Leschiera R, Talagas M, Le Gall-Ianotto C, Hu W, Marcorelles P, Bellemere G, Bredif S, Fluhr J, Misery L, Lebonvallet N. New human in vitro co-culture model of keratinocytes and sensory neurons like cells releasing substance P with an evaluation of the expression of ZIKV entry receptors: A potent opportunity to test Zika virus entry and to study Zika virus' infection in neurons? Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1563-1568. [PMID: 37395585 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
During the course of acute ZIKV infection, pruritus is a cardinal symptom widely documented in the literature. Its frequent association with dysesthesia and several dysautonomic manifestations, suggests a pathophysiological mechanism involving the peripheral nervous system. The aim of this study was to develop a functional human model to potentially able to be infected by ZIKV: by demonstrating the functionality on a new human model of co-culture of keratinocyte and sensory neuron derived from induced pluripotent stem cells using a classical method of capsaicin induction and SP release, and verify the presence of ZIKV entry receptor in these cells. Depending of cellular type, receptors of the TAMs family, TIMs (TIM1, TIM3 and TIM4) and DC-SIGN and RIG1 were present/detected. The cells incubations with capsaicin resulted in an increase of the substance P. Hence, this study demonstrated the possibility to obtain co-cultures of human keratinocytes and human sensory neurons that release substance P in the same way than previously published in animal models which can be used as a model of neurogenic skin inflammation. The demonstration of the expression of ZIKV entry receptors in these cells allows to considerate the potent possibility that ZIKV is able to infect cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadège Cordel
- Service de Dermatologie-Immunologie clinique, CHU de Guadeloupe Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe et Université de Normandie UNIROUEN, IRIB, Inserm, U1234, Rouen, France
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Razani B, Malynn BA, Ma A. Preserving immune homeostasis with A20. Adv Immunol 2020; 148:1-48. [PMID: 33190732 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
A20/TNFAIP3 is a TNF induced gene that plays a profound role in preserving cellular and organismal homeostasis (Lee, et al., 2000; Opipari etal., 1990). This protein has been linked to multiple human diseases via genetic, epigenetic, and an emerging series of patients with mono-allelic coding mutations. Diverse cellular functions of this pleiotropically expressed protein include immune-suppressive, anti-inflammatory, and cell protective functions. The A20 protein regulates ubiquitin dependent cell signals; however, the biochemical mechanisms by which it performs these functions is surprisingly complex. Deciphering these cellular and biochemical facets of A20 dependent biology should greatly improve our understanding of murine and human disease pathophysiology as well as unveil new mechanisms of cell and tissue biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Razani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Barbara A Malynn
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Averil Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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Review-Current Concepts in Inflammatory Skin Diseases Evolved by Transcriptome Analysis: In-Depth Analysis of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030699. [PMID: 31973112 PMCID: PMC7037913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, high-throughput assessment of gene expression in patient tissues using microarray technology or RNA-Seq took center stage in clinical research. Insights into the diversity and frequency of transcripts in healthy and diseased conditions provide valuable information on the cellular status in the respective tissues. Growing with the technique, the bioinformatic analysis toolkit reveals biologically relevant pathways which assist in understanding basic pathophysiological mechanisms. Conventional classification systems of inflammatory skin diseases rely on descriptive assessments by pathologists. In contrast to this, molecular profiling may uncover previously unknown disease classifying features. Thereby, treatments and prognostics of patients may be improved. Furthermore, disease models in basic research in comparison to the human disease can be directly validated. The aim of this article is not only to provide the reader with information on the opportunities of these techniques, but to outline potential pitfalls and technical limitations as well. Major published findings are briefly discussed to provide a broad overview on the current findings in transcriptomics in inflammatory skin diseases.
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Ray-Jones H, Eyre S, Barton A, Warren RB. One SNP at a Time: Moving beyond GWAS in Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:567-573. [PMID: 26811024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Although genome-wide association studies have revealed important insights into the global genetic basis of psoriasis, the findings require further investigation. At present, the known genetic risk loci are largely uncharacterized in terms of the variant or gene responsible for the association, the biological pathway involved, and the main cell type driving the pathology. This review primarily focuses on current approaches toward gaining a complete understanding of how these known genetic loci contribute to an increased disease risk in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Ray-Jones
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Stephen Eyre
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Barton
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Richard B Warren
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Filkor K, Németh T, Nagy I, Kondorosi É, Urbán E, Kemény L, Szolnoky G. The expression of inflammatory cytokines, TAM tyrosine kinase receptors and their ligands is upregulated in venous leg ulcer patients: a novel insight into chronic wound immunity. Int Wound J 2015; 13:554-62. [PMID: 26192232 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The systemic host defence mechanisms, especially innate immunity, in venous leg ulcer patients are poorly investigated. The aim of the current study was to measure Candida albicans killing activity and gene expressions of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and innate immune response regulators, TAM receptors and ligands of peripheral blood mononuclear cells separated from 69 venous leg ulcer patients and 42 control probands. Leg ulcer patients were stratified into responder and non-responder groups on the basis of wound healing properties. No statistical differences were found in Candida killing among controls, responders and non-responders. Circulating blood mononuclear cells of patients overexpress pro-inflammatory (IL-1α, TNFα, CXCL-8) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines as well as TAM receptors (Tyro, Axl, MerTK) and their ligands Gas6 and Protein S compared with those of control individuals. IL-1α is notably overexpressed in venous leg ulcer treatment non-responders; in contrast, Axl gene expression is robustly stronger among responders. These markers may be considered as candidates for the prediction of treatment response among venous leg ulcer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kata Filkor
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tibor Németh
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Nagy
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Kondorosi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit Urbán
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Diagnostics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Dermatological Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Győző Szolnoky
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Reverse Signaling Contributes to Control of Chronic Inflammation by Anti-TNF Therapeutics. Antibodies (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/antib4020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Sun H, Lou Y, Porturas T, Morrissey S, Luo G, Qi J, Ruan Q, Shi S, Chen YH. Exacerbated experimental colitis in TNFAIP8-deficient mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:5736-42. [PMID: 25948814 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The TNF-α-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8 or TIPE) is a risk factor for cancer and bacterial infection, and its expression is upregulated in a number of human cancers. However, its physiologic and pathologic functions are unclear. In this study, we describe the generation of TIPE-deficient mice and their increased sensitivity to colonic inflammation. TIPE-deficient mice were generated by germ line gene targeting and were born without noticeable developmental abnormalities. Their major organs, including lymphoid organs and intestines, were macroscopically and microscopically normal. However, after drinking dextran sodium sulfate-containing water, TIPE-deficient mice developed more severe colitis than wild type mice did, as demonstrated by decreased survival rates, increased body weight loss, and enhanced leukocyte infiltration, bacterial invasion, and inflammatory cytokine production in the colon. Bone marrow chimeric experiments revealed that TIPE deficiency in nonhematopoietic cells was responsible for the exacerbated colitis in TIPE-deficient mice. Consistent with this result, TIPE-deficient intestinal epithelial cells had increased rate of cell death and decreased rate of proliferation as compared with wild type controls. These findings indicate that TIPE plays an important role in maintaining colon homeostasis and in protecting against colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Sun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Yunwei Lou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104; Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Ji'nan 250012, China; and
| | - Thomas Porturas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Samantha Morrissey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - George Luo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Ji Qi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Qingguo Ruan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Songlin Shi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104; Xiamen University School of Medicine, Ximen 361102, China
| | - Youhai H Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104;
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Duan D, Zhu YQ, Guan LL, Wang J. Upregulation of SCC-S2 in immune cells and tumor tissues of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:4331-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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