1
|
Mihara M, Hayashi A, Kakeue K, Tamura R. Changes in saccadic eye movement and smooth pursuit gain in patients with acquired comitant esotropia after strabismus surgery. J Eye Mov Res 2023; 16:10.16910/jemr.16.4.3. [PMID: 38567314 PMCID: PMC10987044 DOI: 10.16910/jemr.16.4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the change in horizontal saccadic eye movement and smooth pursuit in patients with acquired comitant esotropia (ACE), before and after strabismus surgery. The horizontal saccades and pursuit in 11 patients with ACE were recorded using a video eye-tracker under binocular viewing before and after strabismus surgery. Participants were instructed to fixate on the new target as rapidly as possible when it randomly appeared at either 18.3° rightward or 18.3° leftward. For smooth pursuit, participants were asked to track, as accurately as possible, a step-ramp target moving at ±6.1°/s. The asymmetry of adduction-abduction and the binocular coordination in gains of saccade and pursuit were compared between the pre- and post-surgical data. The asymmetry of adduction-abduction saccade gain in each eye after surgery tended to be smaller than that before surgery. The binocular coordination of saccade showed significant improvement after surgery in only the non-dominant eye direction. Adduction-abduction asymmetry in the smooth pursuit gain in each eye after surgery tended to be smaller than before surgery. After surgery, the binocular coordination of pursuit was improved significantly in both directions. In patients with ACE, binocular coordination of saccade and smooth pursuit was poor. Binocular coordination of saccade and pursuit seems to be improved due to the improvement in ocular deviation angle and binocular visual function after surgery.
Collapse
|
2
|
Caldani S, Humeau E, Delorme R, Bucci MP. Inhibition functions can be improved in children with autism spectrum disorders: An eye-tracking study. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023; 83:431-441. [PMID: 37218472 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive remediation therapy interventions could improve cognitive functioning in subjects with autism. To investigate the benefit of a short cognitive training rehabilitation in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on pursuit and fixation performances. We recruited two groups (G1 and G2) of 30 children with ASD, sex-, IQ- and age-matched (mean 11.6 ± 0.5 years), and pursuit and fixation eye movements were recorded twice at T1 and T2. Between T1 and T2, a 10-min cognitive training was performed by the G1 group only, whereas the G2 group had a 10-min of rest. For all children with ASD enrolled in the study, there was a positive correlation between restricted and repetitive behaviour scores of both Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and the number of saccades recorded during the fixation task at T1. At T1, oculomotor performances were similar for both groups of ASD children (G1 and G2). At T2, we observed a significant reduction in the number of saccades made during both pursuit and fixation tasks. Our findings underlined the importance to promote cognitive training rehabilitation for children with ASD, leading to a better performance in inhibitory and attention functioning responsible for pursuit and fixation eye movement's performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Caldani
- MoDyCo, UMR 7114 CNRS, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
- EFEE-Center for the Functional Exploration of Balance in Children, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Elise Humeau
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
- High Functioning Autism Expert Centre, Fundamental Fondation, Paris, France
- Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Richard Delorme
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
- High Functioning Autism Expert Centre, Fundamental Fondation, Paris, France
- Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Maria Pia Bucci
- MoDyCo, UMR 7114 CNRS, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
- EFEE-Center for the Functional Exploration of Balance in Children, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Caldani S, Acquaviva E, Moscoso A, Landman B, Michel A, Delorme R, Bucci MP. Motor Capabilities in Children with ADHD Are Improved after Brief Visuopostural Training. Neurol Int 2023; 15:792-803. [PMID: 37489356 PMCID: PMC10366723 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with ADHD show poor motor control. The aim of the present study was to test whether children with ADHD improved their motor performances (oculomotor as well as posture) after a short visuopostural training period. Two groups (G1 trained and G2 non-trained), each comprising 15 children with ADHD matched in IQ (intelligence quotient), sex, and age, participated in the study. Eye movements and postural sway were measured before (T1) and after (T2) 10 min of visuopostural training for the trained group and after 10 min of resting for the non-trained group. Training consisted of a visual search task performed while the child was standing on an unstable platform. At T1, oculomotor and postural abilities were statistically similar for both groups of children with ADHD (trained and non-trained). At T2, significant improvements in both oculomotor and postural capabilities were observed for the trained group but not for the non-trained group. These findings suggest that a short visuopostural training period could help children with ADHD to learn how to focus their visual attention in order to improve motor performance. Visuopostural training could allow a better integration of sensory inputs via central mechanisms, leading to improvement in both oculomotor and postural control. Further studies on a larger number of children with ADHD will be needed to confirm these findings and explore the eventual possible persistence of the training effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Caldani
- MoDyCo, UMR 7114 CNRS Université Paris Nanterre, 92001 Nanterre, France
- Centre for the Functional Exploration of Balance in Children (EFEE), Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Eric Acquaviva
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Ana Moscoso
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Landman
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Michel
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Richard Delorme
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
- Paris University, 75005 Paris, France
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Maria Pia Bucci
- MoDyCo, UMR 7114 CNRS Université Paris Nanterre, 92001 Nanterre, France
- Centre for the Functional Exploration of Balance in Children (EFEE), Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hepokur M, Mutlu B, Güneş M, Topçu MT, Mutlu A, Oğuz H, Kalcıoğlu MT. The effect of different types of convergent strabismus on horizontal eye movements. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 42:3951-3961. [PMID: 35779198 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02379-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of different types of convergent strabismus on horizontal eye movements and compare data with healthy control subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective, cross-sectional study included 38 patients with convergent strabismus (16 fully accommodative, 13 partially accommodative and 9 non-accommodative esotropia) and 19 age-matched control subjects. All of the participants had a detailed ophthalmological examination including visual acuity assessment, cover-uncover prism test, slit lamp, and indirect ophthalmoscopy examination. Videonystagmography (VNG) was used for the evaluation of horizontal eye movements such as saccadic accuracy, velocity, latency, and smooth pursuit velocity gain. RESULTS The saccadic accuracy in the rightward direction was lower in the fully accommodative esotropia group compared to the partially accommodative esotropia group in the right eye (p = 0.002). The saccadic latency in the rightward direction was longer in the fully accommodative esotropia group compared to the control group (p = 0.008) and smooth pursuit velocity gain in the leftward direction was lower in the partially and non-accommodative esotropia group compared to the control group in binocular recording (p = 0.004, p = 0.001, respectively). There was no difference in the saccadic velocity among the study groups (p > 0.05). Finally, asymmetry of saccadic velocity and latency was observed between right- and leftward directions in the partially accommodative esotropia group in the right eye (p = 0.003, p = 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that horizontal eye movements may vary in different types of convergent strabismus. VNG may be an auxiliary tool to the clinical examination in differentiating fully or non-accommodative esotropia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Hepokur
- Cerrahpaşa Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey. .,Göztepe Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Başak Mutlu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Medine Güneş
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Göztepe Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Torun Topçu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Mutlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Göztepe Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halit Oğuz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Göztepe Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Tayyar Kalcıoğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Göztepe Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hirota M, Kato K, Fukushima M, Ikeda Y, Hayashi T, Mizota A. Analysis of smooth pursuit eye movements in a clinical context by tracking the target and eyes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8501. [PMID: 35589979 PMCID: PMC9120200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12630-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the evaluation of smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEMs), recording the stimulus onset time is mandatory. In the laboratory, the stimulus onset time is recorded by electrical signal or programming, and video-oculography (VOG) and the visual stimulus are synchronized. Nevertheless, because the examiner must manually move the fixation target, recording the stimulus onset time is challenging in daily clinical practice. Thus, this study aimed to develop an algorithm for evaluating SPEMs while testing the nine-direction eye movements without recording the stimulus onset time using VOG and deep learning–based object detection (single-shot multibox detector), which can predict the location and types of objects in a single image. The algorithm of peak fitting–based detection correctly classified the directions of target orientation and calculated the latencies and gains within the normal range while testing the nine-direction eye movements in healthy individuals. These findings suggest that the algorithm of peak fitting–based detection has sufficient accuracy for the automatic evaluation of SPEM in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Hirota
- Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
| | - Kanako Kato
- Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Fukushima
- Division of Orthoptics, Graduate School of Medical Care and Technology, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Ikeda
- Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Hayashi
- Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Atsushi Mizota
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hirota M, Hayashi T, Watanabe E, Inoue Y, Mizota A. Automatic Recording of the Target Location During Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement Testing Using Video-Oculography and Deep Learning-Based Object Detection. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2021; 10:1. [PMID: 34111248 PMCID: PMC8107482 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.6.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To accurately record the movements of a hand-held target together with the smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEMs) elicited with video-oculography (VOG) combined with deep learning-based object detection using a single-shot multibox detector (SSD). Methods The SPEMs of 11 healthy volunteers (21.3 ± 0.9 years) were recorded using VOG. The subjects fixated on a moving target that was manually moved at a distance of 1 m by the examiner. An automatic recording system was developed using SSD to predict the type and location of objects in a single image. The 400 images that were taken of one subject using a VOG scene camera were distributed into 2 groups (300 and 100) for training and validation. The testing data included 1100 images of all subjects (100 images/subject). The method achieved 75% average precision (AP75) for the relationship between the location of the fixated target (as calculated by SSD) and the position of each eye (as recorded by VOG). Results The AP75 for all subjects was 99.7% ± 0.6%. The horizontal and vertical target locations were significantly and positively correlated with each eye position in the horizontal and vertical directions (adjusted R2 ≥ 0.955, P < 0.001). Conclusions The addition of SSD-driven recording of hand-held target positions with VOG allows for quantitative assessment of SPEMs following a target during an SPEM test. Translational Relevance The combined methods of VOG and SSD can be used to detect SPEMs with greater accuracy, which can improve the outcome of clinical evaluations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Hirota
- Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Hayashi
- Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emiko Watanabe
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Inoue
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Mizota
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Caldani S, Delorme R, Moscoso A, Septier M, Acquaviva E, Bucci MP. Improvement of Pursuit Eye Movement Alterations after Short Visuo-Attentional Training in ADHD. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10110816. [PMID: 33158057 PMCID: PMC7694101 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10110816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder without validated and objective diagnostic procedures. Several neurological dysfunctions in the frontal circuit, in the thalamus, and in the cerebellum have been observed in subjects with ADHD. These cortical and subcortical areas are responsible for eye movement control. Therefore, studying eye movements could be a useful tool to better understand neuronal alterations in subjects with ADHD. The aim of the present study was firstly to compare the quality of pursuit eye movements in a group of 40 children with ADHD (age 8.2 ± 1.2) and in a group of 40 sex-, IQ-, age-matched typically developing (TD) children; secondly, we aimed to examine if a short visuo-attentional training could affect pursuit performances in children with ADHD. Findings showed that children with ADHD presented a greater number of catch-up saccade and lower pursuit gain compared to TD children. Differently to TD children, in children with ADHD, the number of catch-up saccades and the pursuit gain were not significantly correlated with children's age. Furthermore, a short visuo-attentional training period can only slightly improve pursuit performance in children with ADHD, leading to a decrease of the occurrence of catch-up saccades only, albeit the effect size was small. The absence of any improvement in pursuit performance with age could be explained by the fact that the prefrontal and fronto-cerebellar circuits responsible for pursuit triggering are still immature. Pursuit eye movements can be used as a useful tool for ADHD diagnosis. However, attentional mechanisms controlled by these cortical structures could be improved by a short visuo-attentional training period. Further studies will be necessary to explore the effects of a longer visuo-attentional training period on oculomotor tasks in order to clarify how adaptive mechanisms are able to increase the attentional capabilities in children with ADHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Caldani
- MoDyCo, UMR 7114 CNRS Université Paris Nanterre, 92001 Nanterre, France;
- Pediatric Balance Evaluation Center (EFEE), ENT Department, AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Richard Delorme
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France; (R.D.); (A.M.); (M.S.); (E.A.)
- Paris 7, Paris Diderot University, 75013 Paris, France
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ana Moscoso
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France; (R.D.); (A.M.); (M.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Mathilde Septier
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France; (R.D.); (A.M.); (M.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Eric Acquaviva
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France; (R.D.); (A.M.); (M.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Maria Pia Bucci
- MoDyCo, UMR 7114 CNRS Université Paris Nanterre, 92001 Nanterre, France;
- Pediatric Balance Evaluation Center (EFEE), ENT Department, AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Caldani S, Gerard CL, Peyre H, Bucci MP. Pursuit eye movements in dyslexic children: evidence for an immaturity of brain oculomotor structures? J Eye Mov Res 2020; 13. [PMID: 33828780 PMCID: PMC7881873 DOI: 10.16910/jemr.13.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Dyslexia is a disorder found in 5-10% of school-aged children. Several studies reported visual deficits and oculomotor abnormalities in dyslexic children. The objective of our study was to examine horizontal pursuit performance in dyslexic children, despite its poor involvement in reading. Methods: Eye movements were recorded by video-oculography in 92 children (46 dyslexic children, mean age: 9.77 ± 0.26 and 46 non dyslexic, IQ- and age-matched children). Both the number of catch-up saccades occurring during pursuit task and the gain of pursuit were measured. Results: Catch-up saccades were significantly more frequent in the dyslexic group than in the non-dyslexic group of children. Pursuit performance (in terms of the number of catch-up saccades and gain) significantly improved with increasing age in the non-dyslexic children group only. Conclusions: The atypical pursuit patterns observed in dyslexic children suggest a deficiency in the visual attentional processing and an immaturity of brain structures responsible for pursuit triggering. This finding needs to be validated by neuroimaging studies on dyslexia population.
Collapse
|
9
|
Mihara M, Hayashi A, Kakeue K, Tamura R. Longitudinal changes in binocular coordination of smooth pursuit in patients with intermittent exotropia after strabismus surgery. J AAPOS 2020; 24:20.e1-20.e7. [PMID: 31923619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2019.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To observe the change in horizontal smooth pursuit in patients with intermittent exotropia before and after strabismus surgery. METHODS The smooth pursuit of patients with intermittent exotropia was recorded using a video eye-tracker before and 1 week, and 1, 3, and 6 months after strabismus surgery. Subjects were asked to track a step-ramp target moving at ±6.1°/sec horizontally as accurately as possible under binocular viewing. The differences in gain (eye velocity divided by target velocity) and amplitude of smooth pursuit between right and left eyes before and after surgery were compared. RESULTS A total of 9 patients (mean age, 22.2 ± 13.9 years) were included. Mean preoperative ocular alignment at near was 59.1Δ ± 34.7Δ. The difference in gain between the left and right eyes before surgery was 0.23 ± 0.1; in amplitude, 3.0° ± 3.7°. These values were improved at 1 week after surgery (gain, 0.08 ± 0.06; amplitude, 0.9° ± 0.65°) and continued to improve for 6 months after surgery; however, ocular alignment at near reverted from 5.9Δ ± 10.5Δ to 18.9Δ ± 17.5Δ by 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS In this small patient cohort, surgical correction of ocular alignment improved binocular coordination of smooth pursuit in intermittent exotropia. In the long term, the improvement of the binocular coordination of smooth pursuit tended to remain, although the eye position partially reverted to the presurgical state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miharu Mihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; Department of Integrative Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ken Kakeue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ryoi Tamura
- Department of Integrative Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Razuk M, Perrin-Fievez F, Gerard CL, Peyre H, Barela JA, Bucci MP. Effect of colored filters on reading capabilities in dyslexic children. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 83:1-7. [PMID: 30048864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of colored filters on reading performance and eye movement control in children with and without dyslexia. METHODS Eighteen children with dyslexia and 18 children without dyslexia were seated on a chair with their heads stabilized by a forehead and chin support. The children read different texts under the following three filter conditions: no filter, yellow filter, and green filter. The children's eye movements were recorded with a Mobile EyeBrain Tracker. Reading total time, duration of fixation between two successive saccades, pro-saccades amplitude and number of pro- and retro-saccades were obtained. RESULTS Children with dyslexia read the fastest and had the shortest fixation time in the green filter condition compared with the other conditions. Furthermore, children with dyslexia showed the shortest fixation time in the green filter condition with respect to the other conditions. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results suggested that the green filter improved reading performance in children with dyslexia because the filter most likely facilitated cortical activity and decreased visual distortions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Razuk
- UMR 1141 Inserm - Paris Diderot University, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France; Institute of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Hugo Peyre
- UMR 1141 Inserm - Paris Diderot University, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - José Angelo Barela
- Institute of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Pia Bucci
- UMR 1141 Inserm - Paris Diderot University, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Moiroud L, Gerard CL, Peyre H, Bucci MP. Developmental Eye Movement test and dyslexic children: A pilot study with eye movement recordings. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200907. [PMID: 30192750 PMCID: PMC6128452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study is to explore eye movement recordings during the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test in dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. Thirteen children with dyslexia, 13 non-dyslexic chronological age- and IQ-matched children and 13 non-dyslexic reading age- and IQ-matched children were examined. Test C of the DEM test was performed with and without eye movement recordings (eye tracker by SuriCog). The results of the three groups were compared. Children with dyslexia and non-dyslexic children of equivalent reading age have significant longer fixation time and take longer to read Test C of the DEM test than non-dyslexic children of similar chronological age. A significant correlation was also found between the fixation time and the number of words read in one minute with the total time to read Test C of the DEM test. DEM test is a useful test for exploring the oculomotor behavior of dyslexic children during reading. The maturation of cortical structures controlling fixation capability appears to play a crucial role in reading skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Moiroud
- UMR 1141 Inserm - Université Paris Diderot, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Hugo Peyre
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Maria Pia Bucci
- UMR 1141 Inserm - Université Paris Diderot, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
PURPOSE This study presents a two-degree customized animated stimulus developed to evaluate smooth pursuit in children and investigates the effect of its predetermined characteristics (stimulus type and size) in an adult population. Then, the animated stimulus is used to evaluate the impact of different pursuit motion paradigms in children. METHODS To study the effect of animating a stimulus, eye movement recordings were obtained from 20 young adults while the customized animated stimulus and a standard dot stimulus were presented moving horizontally at a constant velocity. To study the effect of using a larger stimulus size, eye movement recordings were obtained from 10 young adults while presenting a standard dot stimulus of different size (1° and 2°) moving horizontally at a constant velocity. Finally, eye movement recordings were obtained from 12 children while the 2° customized animated stimulus was presented after three different smooth pursuit motion paradigms. Performance parameters, including gains and number of saccades, were calculated for each stimulus condition. RESULTS The animated stimulus produced in young adults significantly higher velocity gain (mean: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.90-0.96; P = .014), position gain (0.93; 0.85-1; P = .025), proportion of smooth pursuit (0.94; 0.91-0.96, P = .002), and fewer saccades (5.30; 3.64-6.96, P = .008) than a standard dot (velocity gain: 0.87; 0.82-0.92; position gain: 0.82; 0.72-0.92; proportion smooth pursuit: 0.87; 0.83-0.90; number of saccades: 7.75; 5.30-10.46). In contrast, changing the size of a standard dot stimulus from 1° to 2° did not have an effect on smooth pursuit in young adults (P > .05). Finally, smooth pursuit performance did not significantly differ in children for the different motion paradigms when using the animated stimulus (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Attention-grabbing and more dynamic stimuli, such as the developed animated stimulus, might potentially be useful for eye movement research. Finally, with such stimuli, children perform equally well irrespective of the motion paradigm used.
Collapse
|
13
|
Clotuche B, Dorizy N, Franquelin M, Kuhne P, Lakhdar M, Massart S, Strenk J. [Strabismus and reading: Effect of strabismus on reading tests in children from 8 to 11 years]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2016; 39:756-764. [PMID: 27765453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We try to show a relationship between strabismus and changes in reading skills. MATERIAL AND METHODS We have carried out a prospective study including 135 children from 8 to 11 years (French level CE2 to CM2). They were given an ophthalmologic and orthoptic examination and then divided into 4 groups: strabismus with vertical deviation without binocular vision, accommodative strabismus with binocular vision, accommodative strabismus without binocular vision and control group (children without strabismus). Each child took 4 validated reading tests: reading fluency, uncommon words reading, comparison of letters sequences without signification, searching "verbal index". RESULTS Results are significantly lower in children with accommodative strabismus without binocular vision for two tests (reading fluency and uncommon words reading). In contrast, results for the two other tests do not differ significantly between the 4 groups. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated lowered reading skills in tests of reading fluency in children with accommodative strabismus without binocular vision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Clotuche
- Cabinet privé, 15, chemin de l'Avouerie, 4877 Olne, Belgique.
| | - N Dorizy
- Cabinet privé, 34, rue Émile-Chautemps, 74300 Cluses, France
| | - M Franquelin
- Cabinet privé, 102, avenue Georges-Pompidou, 24750 Trélissac, France
| | - P Kuhne
- Cabinet privé, 13, place René-Beauchamp, 33500 Libourne, France
| | - M Lakhdar
- Cabinet privé, 16, boulevard Deganne, 32120 Arcachon, France
| | - S Massart
- Cabinet privé, 122, avenue Jean-Materne, 5100 Jambes, Belgique
| | - J Strenk
- Cabinet privé, 16, cours Général de Gaulle, 21000 Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tiadi A, Seassau M, Gerard CL, Bucci MP. Differences between Dyslexic and Non-Dyslexic Children in the Performance of Phonological Visual-Auditory Recognition Tasks: An Eye-Tracking Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159190. [PMID: 27438352 PMCID: PMC4954654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The object of this study was to explore further phonological visual-auditory recognition tasks in a group of fifty-six healthy children (mean age: 9.9 ± 0.3) and to compare these data to those recorded in twenty-six age-matched dyslexic children (mean age: 9.8 ± 0.2). Eye movements from both eyes were recorded using an infrared video-oculography system (MobileEBT® e(y)e BRAIN). The recognition task was performed under four conditions in which the target object was displayed either with phonologically unrelated objects (baseline condition), or with cohort or rhyme objects (cohort and rhyme conditions, respectively), or both together (rhyme + cohort condition). The percentage of the total time spent on the targets and the latency of the first saccade on the target were measured. Results in healthy children showed that the percentage of the total time spent in the baseline condition was significantly longer than in the other conditions, and that the latency of the first saccade in the cohort condition was significantly longer than in the other conditions; interestingly, the latency decreased significantly with the increasing age of the children. The developmental trend of phonological awareness was also observed in healthy children only. In contrast, we observed that for dyslexic children the total time spent on the target was similar in all four conditions tested, and also that they had similar latency values in both cohort and rhyme conditions. These findings suggest a different sensitivity to the phonological competitors between dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. Also, the eye-tracking technique provides online information about phonological awareness capabilities in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimé Tiadi
- UMR 1141 Institut National de la Santé Et de Recherche Médicale- Paris Diderot, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Maria Pia Bucci
- UMR 1141 Institut National de la Santé Et de Recherche Médicale- Paris Diderot, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hussain Z, Astle AT, Webb BS, McGraw PV. The challenges of developing a contrast-based video game for treatment of amblyopia. Front Psychol 2014; 5:1210. [PMID: 25404922 PMCID: PMC4217344 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceptual learning of visual tasks is emerging as a promising treatment for amblyopia, a developmental disorder of vision characterized by poor monocular visual acuity. The tasks tested thus far span the gamut from basic psychophysical discriminations to visually complex video games. One end of the spectrum offers precise control over stimulus parameters, whilst the other delivers the benefits of motivation and reward that sustain practice over long periods. Here, we combined the advantages of both approaches by developing a video game that trains contrast sensitivity, which in psychophysical experiments, is associated with significant improvements in visual acuity in amblyopia. Target contrast was varied adaptively in the game to derive a contrast threshold for each session. We tested the game on 20 amblyopic subjects (10 children and 10 adults), who played at home using their amblyopic eye for an average of 37 sessions (approximately 11 h). Contrast thresholds from the game improved reliably for adults but not for children. However, logMAR acuity improved for both groups (mean = 1.3 lines; range = 0–3.6 lines). We present the rationale leading to the development of the game and describe the challenges of incorporating psychophysical methods into game-like settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hussain
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew T Astle
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Nottingham, UK
| | - Ben S Webb
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Nottingham, UK
| | - Paul V McGraw
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|