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Xing G, Mu L, Han B, Zhu R. The silent information regulator 1 agonist SRT1720 reduces experimental intracerebral hemorrhagic brain injury by regulating the blood-brain barrier integrity. Neuroreport 2024:00001756-990000000-00255. [PMID: 38874950 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a significant public health matter that has no effective treatment. ICH-induced destruction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leads to neurological deterioration. Astrocytic sonic hedgehog (SHH) alleviates brain injury by maintaining the integrity of the BBB after ICH. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is neuroprotective in several central nervous system diseases via BBB regulation. It is also a possible influential factor of the SHH signaling pathway. Nevertheless, the role of SIRT1 on BBB and the underlying pathological process associated with the SHH signaling pathway after ICH remain unclear. We established an intracerebral hemorrhagic mouse model by collagenase injection. SRT1720 (a selective agonist of SIRT1) was used to evaluate the effect of SIRT1 on BBB integrity after ICH. SIRT1 expression was reduced in the mouse brain after ICH. SRT1720 attenuated neurobehavioral impairments and brain edema of ICH mouse. After ICH induction, SRT1720 improved BBB integrity and tight junction expressions in the mouse brain. The SHH signaling pathway-related factors smoothened and glioma-associated oncogene homolog-1 were increased with the intervention of SRT1720, while cyclopamine (a specific inhibitor of the SHH signaling pathway) reversed these effects. These findings suggest that SIRT1 protects from ICH by altering BBB permeability and tight junction expression levels. This process is associated with the SHH signaling pathway, suggesting that SIRT1 may be a potential therapeutic target for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gebeili Xing
- Departments of Neurology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital
| | - Lei Mu
- Geriatrics, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bing Han
- Departments of Neurology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital
| | - Runxiu Zhu
- Departments of Neurology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital
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2
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Li H, Zhang D, Wang X, Wang S, Xiao M. Protective effect of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase on hippocampal neurons in Alzheimer's disease using model mice. Neurosci Lett 2023; 803:137194. [PMID: 36931592 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease affecting the elderly, frequently causes cognitive impairment and memory decline, and there are currently no effective therapeutic drugs available. Glutamate excitotoxicity is one of the pathogeneses of AD, and there is evidence that glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) can significantly reduce glutamate concentrations in the hippocampi of mice, but its role in APP/PS1 transgenic mice is unknown. We investigated the improvement of neurological function and related protein expression following subcutaneous injection of GOT in mice with AD. We performed immunohistochemical staining on the brain tissue of 3-, 6-, and 12-month-old mice and found that the content of the β-amyloid protein Aβ1-42 in the 6 months old GOT treatment group was significantly reduced. Meanwhile, the APP-GOT group outperformed the APP group in the water maze and spatial object recognition experiments. The number of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area of the APP-GOT group increased when compared to the APP group according to Nissl staining. Electron microscopic examination of the hippocampal CA1 area demonstrated that the number of synapses in the APP-GOT group was more than that in the APP group, and the mitochondrial structure was relatively complete. Finally, the protein content of the hippocampus was detected. In comparison to the APP group, SIRT1 content increased in the APP-GOT group whereas Aβ1-42 content decreased, and Ex527 could reverse this trend. These results suggest that GOT can significantly improve the cognitive function of mice in the early stage of AD, and the underlying mechanism may be through decreasing Aβ1-42 and increasing SIRT1 expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Wei Hui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Dainan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Xiaoze Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Wei Hui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Shensheng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Wei Hui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Meng Xiao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Wei Hui 453100, Henan, China; School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, China.
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Krishnan Muthaiah VP, Kaliyappan K, Mahajan SD. Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase-1 inhibition by 3-aminobenzamide recuperates HEI-OC1 auditory hair cells from blast overpressure-induced cell death. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1047308. [PMID: 36949771 PMCID: PMC10025353 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1047308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase-1 (PARP1), a DNA repair enzyme is implicated as a key molecule in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. Traumatic insults inducing oxidative stress results in its over-activation causing inflammation and cell death (Parthanatos). As PARP1 inhibition is known to reduce oxidative stress, we hypothesized that PARP1 inhibition by a known inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3AB) might recuperate the damage in an in vitro model of blast injury using HEI-OC1 cells (mouse auditory hair cells). Methods: Here, we evaluated the protective effect of 3AB on HEI-OC1 cells following single and repetitive blast overpressures (BOPs). Results: We found that inhibition of PARP1 b 3AB inhibits the PARP1 enzyme and its action of a post-translational modification i.e. formation of Poly ADP-Ribose Polymers which leads to massive ATP depletion. PARP inhibition (3AB treatment) reduced the oxidative stress (4HNE, a marker of lipid peroxidation, and 8OHdG, a marker of oxidative DNA damage) in cells exposed to single/repetitive BOPS through up-regulation of Nrf2, a transcriptional regulator of antioxidant defense and the GCLC, a rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of glutathione. Discussion: Overall, we found that PARP inhibition by 3AB helps to maintain the viability of BOP-exposed auditory hair cells by recuperating the ATP pool from both mitochondrial and glycolytic sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Prakash Krishnan Muthaiah
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Vijaya Prakash Krishnan Muthaiah,
| | - Kathiravan Kaliyappan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Supriya D. Mahajan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Xia DY, Yuan JL, Jiang XC, Qi M, Lai NS, Wu LY, Zhang XS. SIRT1 Promotes M2 Microglia Polarization via Reducing ROS-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2021; 12:770744. [PMID: 34899720 PMCID: PMC8653696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.770744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence has suggested that modulating microglia polarization from pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to anti-inflammatory M2 state might be a potential therapeutic approach in the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) injury. Our previous study has indicated that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) could ameliorate early brain injury (EBI) in SAH by reducing oxidative damage and neuroinflammation. However, the effects of SIRT1 on microglial polarization and the underlying molecular mechanisms after SAH have not been fully illustrated. In the present study, we first observed that EX527, a potent selective SIRT1 inhibitor, enhanced microglial M1 polarization and nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in microglia after SAH. Administration of SRT1720, an agonist of SIRT1, significantly enhanced SIRT1 expression, improved functional recovery, and ameliorated brain edema and neuronal death after SAH. Moreover, SRT1720 modulated the microglia polarization shift from the M1 phenotype and skewed toward the M2 phenotype. Additionally, SRT1720 significantly decreased acetylation of forkhead box protein O1, inhibited the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. In contrast, EX527 abated the upregulation of SIRT1 and reversed the inhibitory effects of SRT1720 on ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome activation and EBI. Similarly, in vitro, SRT1720 suppressed inflammatory response, oxidative damage, and neuronal degeneration, and improved cell viability in neurons and microglia co-culture system. These effects were associated with the suppression of ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome and stimulation of SIRT1 signaling, which could be abated by EX527. Altogether, these findings indicate that SRT1720, an SIRT1 agonist, can ameliorate EBI after SAH by shifting the microglial phenotype toward M2 via modulation of ROS-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Yong Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Jin-Long Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Min Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Nian-Sheng Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Ling-Yun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Demyanenko S, Dzreyan V, Sharifulina S. Histone Deacetylases and Their Isoform-Specific Inhibitors in Ischemic Stroke. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101445. [PMID: 34680562 PMCID: PMC8533589 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is the second leading cause of death in the world and multimodal stroke therapy is needed. The ischemic stroke generally reduces the gene expression due to suppression of acetylation of histones H3 and H4. Histone deacetylases inhibitors have been shown to be effective in protecting the brain from ischemic damage. Histone deacetylases inhibitors induce neurogenesis and angiogenesis in damaged brain areas promoting functional recovery after cerebral ischemia. However, the role of different histone deacetylases isoforms in the survival and death of brain cells after stroke is still controversial. This review aims to analyze the data on the neuroprotective activity of nonspecific and selective histone deacetylase inhibitors in ischemic stroke.
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Singh S, Singh TG, Rehni AK, Sharma V, Singh M, Kaur R. Reviving mitochondrial bioenergetics: A relevant approach in epilepsy. Mitochondrion 2021; 58:213-226. [PMID: 33775871 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epileptogenesis is most commonly associated with neurodegeneration and a bioenergetic defect attributing to the fact that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key precursor for neuronal death. Mitochondria are the essential organelle of neuronal cells necessary for certain neurophysiological processes like neuronal action potential activity and synaptic transmission. The mitochondrial dysfunction disrupts calcium homeostasis leading to inhibitory interneuron dysfunction and increasing the excitatory postsynaptic potential. In epilepsy, the prolonged repetitive neuronal activity increases the excessive demand for energy and acidosis in the brain further increasing the intracellular calcium causing neuronal death. Similarly, the mitochondrial damage also leads to the decline of energy by dysfunction of the electron transport chain and abnormal production of the ROS triggering the apoptotic neuronal death. Thus, the elevated level of cytosolic calcium causes the mitochondria DNA damage coinciding with mtROS and releasing the cytochrome c binding to Apaf protein further initiating the apoptosis resulting in epileptic encephalopathies. The various genetic and mRNA studies of epilepsy have explored the various pathogenic mutations of genes affecting the mitochondria functioning further initiating the neuronal excitotoxicity. Based on the results of previous studies, the recent therapeutic approaches are targeting basic mitochondrial processes, such as energy metabolism or free-radical generation, or specific interactions of disease-related proteins with mitochondria and hold great promise to attenuate epileptogenesis. Therefore, the current review emphasizes the emerging insights to uncover the relation between mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS generation contributing to mechanisms underlying epileptic seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shareen Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ashish Kumar Rehni
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Program, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India; Govt. College of Pharmacy, Rohru, District Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171207, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Rupinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Liang J, Zhou X, Wang J, Fei ZY, Qin GC, Zhang DK, Zhou JY, Chen LX. Upregulation of silent information regulator 1 alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis in a rat model of chronic migraine. Neuroreport 2021; 32:144-156. [PMID: 33395186 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Although the mechanism of chronic migraine is still unclear, more and more studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a possible role in migraine pathophysiology. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) plays a vital role in mitochondrial dysfunction in many diseases. However, there is no research on the role of SIRT1 in mitochondrial dysfunction of chronic migraine. The aim of this study was to explore the role of SIRT1 in mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic migraine. A rat model was established through repeated dural infusions of inflammatory soup for 7 days to simulate chronic migraine attacks. Cutaneous hyperalgesia caused by the repeated infusions of inflammatory soup was detected using the von Frey test. Then, we detected SIRT1 expression in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis. To explore the effect of SIRT1 on mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic migraine rats, we examined whether SRT1720, an activator of SIRT1, altered mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic migraine rats. Repeated infusions of inflammatory soup resulted in cutaneous hyperalgesia accompanied by downregulation of SIRT1. SRT1720 significantly alleviated the cutaneous hyperalgesia induced by repeated infusions of inflammatory soup. Furthermore, activation of SIRT1 markedly increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-coactivator 1-alpha, transcription factor A, nuclear respiratory factor 1 and nuclear respiratory factor 2 mitochondrial DNA and increased the ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential. Our results indicate that SIRT1 may have an effect on mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic migraine rats. Activation of SIRT1 has a protective effect on mitochondrial function in chronic migraine rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ji-Ying Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Broussy S, Laaroussi H, Vidal M. Biochemical mechanism and biological effects of the inhibition of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) by EX-527 (SEN0014196 or selisistat). J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1124-1136. [PMID: 32366137 PMCID: PMC7241506 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1758691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human sirtuin silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a NAD+-dependent deacetylase enzyme. It deacetylates many protein substrates, including histones and transcription factors, thereby controlling many physiological and pathological processes. Several synthetic inhibitors and activators of SIRT1 have been developed, and some therapeutic applications have been explored. The indole EX-527 and its derivatives are among the most potent and selective SIRT1 inhibitors. EX-527 has been often used as a pharmacological tool to explore the effect of SIRT1 inhibition in various cell types. Its therapeutic potential has, therefore, been evaluated in animal models for several pathologies, including cancer. It has also been tested in phase II clinical trial for the treatment of Huntington’s disease (HD). In this review, we will provide an overview of the literature on EX-527, including its mechanism of inhibition and biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Broussy
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, CiTCoM, 8038 CNRS, U 1268 INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Hanna Laaroussi
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, CiTCoM, 8038 CNRS, U 1268 INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Michel Vidal
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, CiTCoM, 8038 CNRS, U 1268 INSERM, Paris, France.,Service biologie du médicament, toxicologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Vellimana AK, Aum DJ, Diwan D, Clarke JV, Nelson JW, Lawrence M, Han BH, Gidday JM, Zipfel GJ. SIRT1 mediates hypoxic preconditioning induced attenuation of neurovascular dysfunction following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Exp Neurol 2020; 334:113484. [PMID: 33010255 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) contribute significantly to the morbidity/mortality associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). While considerable research effort has focused on preventing or reversing vasospasm, SAH-induced brain injury occurs in response to a multitude of concomitantly acting pathophysiologic mechanisms. In this regard, the pleiotropic epigenetic responses to conditioning-based therapeutics may provide an ideal SAH therapeutic strategy. We previously documented the ability of hypoxic preconditioning (PC) to attenuate vasospasm and neurological deficits after SAH, in a manner that depends on the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. The present study was undertaken to elucidate whether the NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin isoform SIRT1 is an upstream mediator of hypoxic PC-induced protection, and to assess the efficacy of the SIRT1-activating polyphenol Resveratrol as a pharmacologic preconditioning therapy. METHODS Wild-type C57BL/6J mice were utilized in the study and subjected to normoxia or hypoxic PC. Surgical procedures included induction of SAH via endovascular perforation or sham surgery. Multiple endpoints were assessed including cerebral vasospasm, neurobehavioral deficits, SIRT1 expression via quantitative real-time PCR for mRNA, and western blot for protein quantification. Pharmacological agents utilized in the study include EX-527 (SIRT1 inhibitor), and Resveratrol (SIRT1 activator). RESULTS Hypoxic PC leads to rapid and sustained increase in cerebral SIRT1 mRNA and protein expression. SIRT1 inhibition blocks the protective effects of hypoxic PC on vasospasm and neurological deficits. Resveratrol pretreatment dose-dependently abrogates vasospasm and attenuates neurological deficits following SAH - beneficial effects that were similarly blocked by pharmacologic inhibition of SIRT1. CONCLUSION SIRT1 mediates hypoxic preconditioning-induced protection against neurovascular dysfunction after SAH. Resveratrol mimics this neurovascular protection, at least in part, via SIRT1. Activation of SIRT1 is a promising, novel, pleiotropic therapeutic strategy to combat DCI after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananth K Vellimana
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Diane J Aum
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Deepti Diwan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Julian V Clarke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - James W Nelson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Molly Lawrence
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Byung Hee Han
- Department of Pharmacology, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Gidday
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Physiology, Biochemistry, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Gregory J Zipfel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Wu LH, Huang BR, Lai SW, Lin C, Lin HY, Yang LY, Lu DY. SIRT1 activation by minocycline on regulation of microglial polarization homeostasis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:17990-18007. [PMID: 33021962 PMCID: PMC7585093 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been reported to be involved in the mechanisms underlying longevity and has also been indicated as a valuable regulator of age-related neurological disorders. Some natural products increase SIRT1 activity and stimulate deacetylation of various proteins. In the present study, SIRT1 overexpression by genetic modification or treatment with SIRT1 activators significantly inhibited the secretion of nitric oxide and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, and proinflammatory mediator-interleukin 1β-in microglia. SIRT1 activation also decreased the levels of K379 acetyl-p53 and the protein inhibitor of activated Stat 1 expression in microglial cells. In addition, it dramatically promoted M2 polarization of microglia, which enhanced cell motility and altered phagocytic ability. We also used minocycline, a well-known inhibitor of microglial activation, to study the mechanism of SIRT1 signaling. Minocycline treatment decreased neuroinflammatory responses and promoted M2 polarization of microglia. It also reduced the acetyl-p53 level in the brain tissues in an inflammatory mouse model. Our findings demonstrated that SIRT1 participates in the maintenance of microglial polarization homeostasis and that minocycline exerts regulatory effects on SIRT1 activation. Therefore, our results indicate that SIRT1 activation may be a useful therapeutic target for the treatment of neuroinflammation-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hsuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Ren Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Lai
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chingju Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Laboratory for Neural Repair, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan,Biomedical Technology R&D Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Cieślik M, Czapski GA, Wójtowicz S, Wieczorek I, Wencel PL, Strosznajder RP, Jaber V, Lukiw WJ, Strosznajder JB. Alterations of Transcription of Genes Coding Anti-oxidative and Mitochondria-Related Proteins in Amyloid β Toxicity: Relevance to Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:1374-1388. [PMID: 31734880 PMCID: PMC7061023 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01819-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that pathological forms of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide contribute to neuronal degeneration and synaptic loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the impact of exogenous Aβ1-42 oligomers (AβO) and endogenously liberated Aβ peptides on transcription of genes for anti-oxidative and mitochondria-related proteins in cell lines (neuronal SH-SY5Y and microglial BV2) and in brain cortex of transgenic AD (Tg-AD) mice, respectively. Our results demonstrated significant AβO-evoked changes in transcription of genes in SH-SY5Y cells, where AβO enhanced expression of Sod1, Cat, mt-Nd1, Bcl2, and attenuated Sirt5, Sod2 and Sdha. In BV2 line, AβO increased the level of mRNA for Sod2, Dnm1l, Bcl2, and decreased for Gpx4, Sirt1, Sirt3, mt-Nd1, Sdha and Mfn2. Then, AβO enhanced free radicals level and impaired mitochondrial membrane potential only in SH-SY5Y cells, but reduced viability of both cell types. Inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 and activator of sirtuin-1 more efficiently enhanced viability of SH-SY5Y than BV2 affected by AβO. Analysis of brain cortex of Tg-AD mice confirmed significant downregulation of Sirt1, Mfn1 and mt-Nd1 and upregulation of Dnm1l. In human AD brain, changes of microRNA pattern (miRNA-9, miRNA-34a, miRNA-146a and miRNA-155) seem to be responsible for decrease in Sirt1 expression. Overall, our results demonstrated a diverse response of neuronal and microglial cells to AβO toxicity. Alterations of genes encoding Sirt1, Mfn1 and Drp1 in an experimental model of AD suggest that modulation of mitochondria dynamics and Sirt1, including miRNA strategy, may be crucial for improvement of AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Cieślik
- Department of Cellular Signaling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz A Czapski
- Department of Cellular Signaling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Wójtowicz
- Department of Cellular Signaling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iga Wieczorek
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław L Wencel
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert P Strosznajder
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vivian Jaber
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Walter J Lukiw
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Bollinger Professor of Alzheimer's disease, LSU Neuroscience Center and Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Joanna B Strosznajder
- Department of Cellular Signaling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
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Sarne Y. Beneficial and deleterious effects of cannabinoids in the brain: the case of ultra-low dose THC. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2019; 45:551-562. [PMID: 30864864 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2019.1578366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the neurocognitive advantages and drawbacks of cannabinoid substances, and discusses the possible physiological mechanisms that underlie their dual activity. The article further reviews the neurocognitive effects of ultra-low doses of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than the conventional doses) in mice, and proposes such low doses of THC as a possible remedy for various brain injuries and for the treatment of age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Sarne
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Reversal of age-related cognitive impairments in mice by an extremely low dose of tetrahydrocannabinol. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 61:177-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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14
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Ruan Q, Ruan J, Zhang W, Qian F, Yu Z. Targeting NAD + degradation: The therapeutic potential of flavonoids for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive frailty. Pharmacol Res 2017; 128:345-358. [PMID: 28847709 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are efficacious candidates as pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), aging and other age-related chronic inflammatory diseases. Natural flavonoids reduce pathological hallmarks, extracellular amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary tangles by mediating amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, Aβ accumulation and tau pathology. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions as well as modulation of sirtuins and telomeres are also involved in the amelioration of aging, neurodegeneration and other age-related diseases. Recently, some flavonoids were shown to inhibit poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and cyclic ADP-ribose (cADP) synthases (CD38 and CD157), elevate intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+ (NAD+) levels and activate NAD+ dependent sirtuin -mediated signaling pathways. We summarized how flavonoids reduce the degradation of NAD+ with an emphasis on the mechanisms through which flavonoids affect the NAD+-sirtuin axis to protect against AD. Aging and age-related diseases as well as a decline in the physiological reserve are the risk factors for cognitive frailty. Flavonoids with multiple therapeutic targets may also be potential candidates for the prevention and treatment of cognitive frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Ruan
- Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, and Research Center of Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jian Ruan
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, and Research Center of Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhuowei Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, and Research Center of Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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The Inhibitory Effects of Purple Sweet Potato Color on Hepatic Inflammation Is Associated with Restoration of NAD⁺ Levels and Attenuation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in High-Fat-Diet-Treated Mice. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081315. [PMID: 28786950 PMCID: PMC6152044 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purple sweet potato color (PSPC), a class of naturally occurring anthocyanins, exhibits beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome. Sustained inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Here we explored the effects of PSPC on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic inflammation and the mechanisms underlying these effects. Mice were divided into four groups: Control group, HFD group, HFD + PSPC group, and PSPC group. PSPC was administered by daily oral gavage at doses of 700 mg/kg/day for 20 weeks. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) was used to increase NAD⁺ levels. Our results showed that PSPC effectively ameliorated obesity and liver injuries in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, PSPC notably blocked hepatic oxidative stress in HFD-treated mice. Furthermore, PSPC dramatically restored NAD⁺ level to abate endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) in HFD-treated mouse livers, which was confirmed by NR treatment. Consequently, PSPC remarkably suppressed the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 nuclear translocation and nucleotide oligomerization domain protein1/2 (NOD1/2) signaling in HFD-treated mouse livers. Thereby, PSPC markedly diminished the NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, ultimately lowering the expressions of inflammation-related genes in HFD-treated mouse livers. In summary, PSPC protected against HFD-induced hepatic inflammation by boosting NAD⁺ level to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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She DT, Jo DG, Arumugam TV. Emerging Roles of Sirtuins in Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2017; 8:10.1007/s12975-017-0544-4. [PMID: 28656393 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-017-0544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is characterized by a sudden disruption of blood flow to the brain causing cell death and damage, which will lead to neurological impairments. In the current state, only one drug is approved to be used in clinical setting and new therapies that confer ischemic neuroprotection are desperately needed. Several targets and pathways have been indicated to be neuroprotective in ischemic stroke, among which the sirtuin family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases has emerged as important modulators of several processes in the normal physiology and pathological conditions such as stroke. Recent studies have identified some members of the sirtuin family are able to ameliorate the devastating consequences of ischemic stroke by conferring neuroprotection by means of reducing neuronal cell death, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation whereas some sirtuins are found to be detrimental in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. This review summarizes implications of sirtuins in ischemic stroke and the experimental evidences that demonstrate the potential of sirtuin modulators as neuroprotective therapy for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T She
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Neurobiology/Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Thiruma V Arumugam
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
- Neurobiology/Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Berger NA, Besson VC, Boulares AH, Bürkle A, Chiarugi A, Clark RS, Curtin NJ, Cuzzocrea S, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, Haskó G, Liaudet L, Moroni F, Pacher P, Radermacher P, Salzman AL, Snyder SH, Soriano FG, Strosznajder RP, Sümegi B, Swanson RA, Szabo C. Opportunities for the repurposing of PARP inhibitors for the therapy of non-oncological diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:192-222. [PMID: 28213892 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent clinical availability of the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) opens the door for potential therapeutic repurposing for non-oncological indications. Considering (a) the preclinical efficacy data with PARP inhibitors in non-oncological diseases and (b) the risk-benefit ratio of treating patients with a compound that inhibits an enzyme that has physiological roles in the regulation of DNA repair, we have selected indications, where (a) the severity of the disease is high, (b) the available therapeutic options are limited, and (c) the duration of PARP inhibitor administration could be short, to provide first-line options for therapeutic repurposing. These indications are as follows: acute ischaemic stroke; traumatic brain injury; septic shock; acute pancreatitis; and severe asthma and severe acute lung injury. In addition, chronic, devastating diseases, where alternative therapeutic options cannot halt disease development (e.g. Parkinson's disease, progressive multiple sclerosis or severe fibrotic diseases), should also be considered. We present a preclinical and clinical action plan for the repurposing of PARP inhibitors. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Inventing New Therapies Without Reinventing the Wheel: The Power of Drug Repurposing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Berger
- Center for Science, Health and Society, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Valerie C Besson
- EA4475 - Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - A Hamid Boulares
- The Stanley Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Alberto Chiarugi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Headache Center - University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Robert S Clark
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nicola J Curtin
- Newcastle University, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Medical School, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering and Department of Neurology and Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering and Department of Neurology and Department of Physiology and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Surgery and Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Lucas Liaudet
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Burn Center, University Hospital Medical Center, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Moroni
- Department of Neuroscience, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Pál Pacher
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, Section on Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Solomon H Snyder
- Department of Neurology and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francisco Garcia Soriano
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Robert P Strosznajder
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Department of Neurosurgery, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Balázs Sümegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Raymond A Swanson
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Liu G, Zhao H, Tan X, Cheng H, You W, Wan F, Liu Y, Song E, Liu X. <i>SIRT1</i> gene polymorphisms associated with carcass traits in Luxi cattle. Arch Anim Breed 2017. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-60-27-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. SIRT1 is the gene that codes for Sirtuin 1, an NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)-dependent class III histone deacetylase. This gene plays a key role in adipose tissue and muscle development in animals. Chinese Luxi cattle (n = 169) were selected to identify SIRT1 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and investigate the relationship of these SNPs with carcass traits. Five SNPs (g.-382G > A, g.-274C > G, g.17324T > C, g.17379A > G, and g.17491G > A) were identified by direct sequencing. SNPs g.-382G > A and g.-274C > G were located within the promoter region of this gene. SNP g.-382G > A was significantly associated with dressing percentage, meat percentage, and striploin and ribeye weights, and the g.-274C > G polymorphism had a strong effect on carcass, tenderloin, and high rib weights in Luxi cattle. These findings will provide possible clues for the biological roles of SIRT1 underlying beef cattle carcass traits.
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Application of Targeted Mass Spectrometry for the Quantification of Sirtuins in the Central Nervous System. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35391. [PMID: 27762282 PMCID: PMC5071856 DOI: 10.1038/srep35391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin proteins have a variety of intracellular targets, thereby regulating multiple biological pathways including neurodegeneration. However, relatively little is currently known about the role or expression of the 7 mammalian sirtuins in the central nervous system. Western blotting, PCR and ELISA are the main techniques currently used to measure sirtuin levels. To achieve sufficient sensitivity and selectivity in a multiplex-format, a targeted mass spectrometric assay was developed and validated for the quantification of all seven mammalian sirtuins (SIRT1-7). Quantification of all peptides was by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using three mass transitions per protein-specific peptide, two specific peptides for each sirtuin and a stable isotope labelled internal standard. The assay was applied to a variety of samples including cultured brain cells, mammalian brain tissue, CSF and plasma. All sirtuin peptides were detected in the human brain, with SIRT2 being the most abundant. Sirtuins were also detected in human CSF and plasma, and guinea pig and mouse tissues. In conclusion, we have successfully applied MRM mass spectrometry for the detection and quantification of sirtuin proteins in the central nervous system, paving the way for more quantitative and functional studies.
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Komirishetty P, Areti A, Yerra VG, Ruby PK, Sharma SS, Gogoi R, Sistla R, Kumar A. PARP inhibition attenuates neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in chronic constriction injury induced peripheral neuropathy. Life Sci 2016; 150:50-60. [PMID: 26921631 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Peripheral nerve degeneration after nerve injury is accompanied with oxidative stress that may activate poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP, DNA repair enzyme). PARP overactivation amplifies the neuronal damage either due to energy crisis or through inflammatory process by facilitating nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). Hence investigated the role of PARP inhibitors, 3-Aminobenzamide (3-AB) and 1,5-isoquinolinediol (ISO) in the attenuation of chronic constriction injury (CCI) induced peripheral neuropathy in rats. METHODS 3-AB and ISO (at doses 30 and 3mg/kg i.p., respectively) were tested in rats subjected to standard tests for evaluating hyperalgesia and allodynia. Sciatic functional index (SFI) was assessed by performing walking track analysis. Oxidative stress and inflammation induced biochemical alterations were estimated after 14 days in sciatic nerve and lumbar spinal cord. Molecular changes were explored by immunohistochemistry and DNA fragmentation by TUNEL assay. KEY FINDINGS Treatment significantly improved sensorimotor responses (p<0.001), SFI (p<0.001) and foot posture. PARP inhibition significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.001) reduced the elevated levels of nitrite, inflammatory markers and also normalized the depleted NAD(total) levels. The protein expression of poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR), NF-κB, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nitrotyrosine were significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.001) decreased in both sciatic nerve and lumbar spinal cord, evident through immunohistochemistry. SIGNIFICANCE Present study outcomes fortify the pathological role of PARP overactivation in CCI induced neuropathy and PARP inhibition ameliorated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation associated with CCI induced nerve injury. Therefore, the current study suggests the PARP inhibitors can further be evaluated for designing futuristic strategies for the management of trauma induced neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Komirishetty
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Aparna Areti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Veera Ganesh Yerra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - P K Ruby
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Punjab, India
| | - Shyam S Sharma
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Punjab, India
| | - Ranadeep Gogoi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, India.
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Bhullar KS, Hubbard BP. Lifespan and healthspan extension by resveratrol. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1209-18. [PMID: 25640851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A number of small molecules with the ability to extend the lifespan of multiple organisms have recently been discovered. Resveratrol, amongst the most prominent of these, has gained widespread attention due to its ability to extend the lifespan of yeast, worms, and flies, and its ability to protect against age-related diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, and diabetes in mammals. In this review, we discuss the origins and molecular targets of resveratrol and provide an overview of its effects on the lifespan of simple model organisms and mammals. We also examine the unique ability of resveratrol to extend the healthy years, or healthspan, of mammals and its potential to counteract the symptoms of age-related disease. Finally, we explore the many scientific, medical, and economic challenges faced when translating these findings to the clinic, and examine potential approaches for realizing the possibility of human lifespan extension. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Resveratrol: Challenges in translating pre-clinical findings to improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushwant S Bhullar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Basil P Hubbard
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada.
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Sriram CS, Jangra A, Kasala ER, Bodduluru LN, Bezbaruah BK. Targeting poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase1 in neurological diseases: A promising trove for new pharmacological interventions to enter clinical translation. Neurochem Int 2014; 76:70-81. [PMID: 25049175 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The highly conserved abundant nuclear protein poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase1 (PARP1) functions at the center of cellular stress response and is mainly implied in DNA damage repair mechanism. Apart from its involvement in DNA damage repair, it does sway multiple vital cellular processes such as cell death pathways, cell aging, insulator function, chromatin modification, transcription and mitotic apparatus function. Since brain is the principal organ vulnerable to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, upon stress encounters robust DNA damage can occur and intense PARP1 activation may result that will lead to various CNS diseases. In the context of soaring interest towards PARP1 as a therapeutic target for newer pharmacological interventions, here in the present review, we are attempting to give a silhouette of the role of PARP1 in the neurological diseases and the potential of its inhibitors to enter clinical translation, along with its structural and functional aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Shekhar Sriram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India.
| | - Ashok Jangra
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India
| | - Eshvendar Reddy Kasala
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India
| | - Lakshmi Narendra Bodduluru
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India
| | - Babul Kumar Bezbaruah
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India; Department of Pharmacology, III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India
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