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Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Early Puberty in Girls. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060492. [PMID: 34200537 PMCID: PMC8226958 DOI: 10.3390/children8060492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, pubertal onset in girls has been considered to occur at an earlier age than previously. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been associated with alterations in pubertal timing, with several reports suggesting that EDCs may have a role in the secular trend in pubertal maturation, at least in girls. However, relevant studies give inconsistent results. On the other hand, the majority of girls with idiopathic precocious or early puberty present the growth pattern of constitutional advancement of growth (CAG), i.e., growth acceleration soon after birth. Herein, we show that the growth pattern of CAG is unrelated to exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and is the major determinant of precocious or early puberty. Presented data suggest that EDCs, at most, have a minor effect on the timing of pubertal onset in girls.
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Motte-Signoret E, Shankar-Aguilera S, Brailly-Tabard S, Soreze Y, Dell Orto V, Ben Ammar R, De Luca D, Boileau P. Small for Gestational Age Preterm Neonates Exhibit Defective GH/IGF1 Signaling Pathway. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:711400. [PMID: 34447729 PMCID: PMC8382944 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.711400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the impact of fetal growth restriction (FGR) on hormonal regulation of post-natal growth and glucose metabolism [via insulin and growth hormone (GH)/Insulin-like Growth factor 1 (IGF1) axis pathways] in small for gestational age (SGA) neonates. Methods: We conducted a monocentric observational prospective comparative study on 73 singleton babies born with a weight inferior to 2,000 g. We analyzed auxological (weight, height and head circumference), and hormonal (GH, IGF1, and insulin plasma concentrations) data comparing SGA and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates, between day 1 and 60. Results: One third (23/73) of the neonates were SGA. Twenty-five percent (18/73) required insulin for idiopathic hyperglycemia of prematurity and were smaller in weight and head circumference at discharge. In the SGA group compared with the AGA group, GH plasma concentrations were higher at day 3 (70.1 vs. 38.0 mIU/L) and IGF1 plasma concentrations were higher at day 10 (29.0 vs. 18.7 ng/ml). Conclusions: SGA neonates displayed resistance to GH and IGF1, concomitant to insulin resistance. This could partially explain the initial defective catch-up growth and, later in life, the higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Motte-Signoret
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Béclere Hospital, GH Paris Sud, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Clamart, France.,Poissy St Germain Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Poissy, France.,Paris-Saclay University, Université Versailles Saint Quentin, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Shivani Shankar-Aguilera
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Béclere Hospital, GH Paris Sud, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Clamart, France
| | - Sylvie Brailly-Tabard
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bicêtre Hospital, Molecular genetics Pharmacogenetics and Hormonology, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Yohan Soreze
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Béclere Hospital, GH Paris Sud, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Clamart, France
| | - Valentina Dell Orto
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Béclere Hospital, GH Paris Sud, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Clamart, France
| | - Rafik Ben Ammar
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Béclere Hospital, GH Paris Sud, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Clamart, France
| | - Daniele De Luca
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Béclere Hospital, GH Paris Sud, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Clamart, France
| | - Pascal Boileau
- Poissy St Germain Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Poissy, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1185, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Rasal KD, Iquebal MA, Dixit S, Vasam M, Raza M, Sahoo L, Jaiswal S, Nandi S, Mahapatra KD, Rasal A, Udit UK, Meher PK, Murmu K, Angadi UB, Rai A, Kumar D, Sundaray JK. Revealing Alteration in the Hepatic Glucose Metabolism of Genetically Improved Carp, Jayanti Rohu Labeo rohita Fed a High Carbohydrate Diet Using Transcriptome Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8180. [PMID: 33142948 PMCID: PMC7662834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although feed cost is the greatest concern in aquaculture, the inclusion of carbohydrates in the fish diet, and their assimilation, are still not well understood in aquaculture species. We identified molecular events that occur due to the inclusion of high carbohydrate levels in the diets of genetically improved 'Jayanti rohu' Labeo rohita. To reveal transcriptional changes in the liver of rohu, a feeding experiment was conducted with three doses of gelatinized starch (20% (control), 40%, and 60%). Transcriptome sequencing revealed totals of 15,232 (4464 up- and 4343 down-regulated) and 15,360 (4478 up- and 4171 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes. Up-regulated transcripts associated with glucose metabolisms, such as hexokinase, PHK, glycogen synthase and PGK, were found in fish fed diets with high starch levels. Interestingly, a de novo lipogenesis mechanism was found to be enriched in the livers of treated fish due to up-regulated transcripts such as FAS, ACCα, and PPARγ. The insulin signaling pathways with enriched PPAR and mTOR were identified by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) as a result of high carbohydrates. This work revealed for the first time the atypical regulation transcripts associated with glucose metabolism and lipogenesis in the livers of Jayanti rohu due to the inclusion of high carbohydrate levels in the diet. This study also encourages the exploration of early nutritional programming for enhancing glucose efficiency in carp species, for sustainable and cost-effective aquaculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran D. Rasal
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Mir Asif Iquebal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics (CABin), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India; (M.A.I.); (M.R.); (S.J.); (U.A.); (A.R.); (D.K.)
| | - Sangita Dixit
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Manohar Vasam
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Mustafa Raza
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics (CABin), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India; (M.A.I.); (M.R.); (S.J.); (U.A.); (A.R.); (D.K.)
| | - Lakshman Sahoo
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Sarika Jaiswal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics (CABin), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India; (M.A.I.); (M.R.); (S.J.); (U.A.); (A.R.); (D.K.)
| | - Samiran Nandi
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Kanta Das Mahapatra
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Avinash Rasal
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Uday Kumar Udit
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Prem Kumar Meher
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Khuntia Murmu
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
| | - UB Angadi
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics (CABin), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India; (M.A.I.); (M.R.); (S.J.); (U.A.); (A.R.); (D.K.)
| | - Anil Rai
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics (CABin), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India; (M.A.I.); (M.R.); (S.J.); (U.A.); (A.R.); (D.K.)
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics (CABin), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India; (M.A.I.); (M.R.); (S.J.); (U.A.); (A.R.); (D.K.)
| | - Jitendra Kumar Sundaray
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India; (K.D.R.); (S.D.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (S.N.); (K.D.M.); (A.R.); (U.K.U.); (P.K.M.); (K.M.)
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Calorie restriction prevents the development of insulin resistance and impaired lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes offspring. Pediatr Res 2017; 81:663-671. [PMID: 28024145 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has long-lasting influence on offspring, which is associated with increased risks of insulin resistance, obesity, and type II diabetes mellitus. Calorie restriction (CR) is one of the most common and available nutritional interventions to prevent obesity and diabetes. We are trying to explore the effect of CR on GDM offspring. METHODS The streptozotocin was used to stimulate C57BL/6J mice to develop GDM, a number of metabolic characteristics and related protein expressions were determined in GDM offspring that were fed ad-libitum or treated with calorie restriction. RESULTS CR reduced body weight and glucose levels in GDM offspring. CR modulated the lipid metabolism by decreasing triglyceride and cholesterol levels in plasma. We also found that the effect of CR on insulin sensitivity may involve in signaling pathway through the regulations of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and protein kinase B (Akt). CONCLUSION GDM is a high risk factor for GDM offspring to develop insulin resistance, while CR could ameliorate this adverse outcome. Moreover, the specific decrease in PTEN activation and increase in Akt phosphorylation in livers of GDM offspring with CR improved insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism.
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Sharples AP, Stewart CE, Seaborne RA. Does skeletal muscle have an 'epi'-memory? The role of epigenetics in nutritional programming, metabolic disease, aging and exercise. Aging Cell 2016; 15:603-16. [PMID: 27102569 PMCID: PMC4933662 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mass, quality and adaptability are fundamental in promoting muscle performance, maintaining metabolic function and supporting longevity and healthspan. Skeletal muscle is programmable and can ‘remember’ early‐life metabolic stimuli affecting its function in adult life. In this review, the authors pose the question as to whether skeletal muscle has an ‘epi’‐memory? Following an initial encounter with an environmental stimulus, we discuss the underlying molecular and epigenetic mechanisms enabling skeletal muscle to adapt, should it re‐encounter the stimulus in later life. We also define skeletal muscle memory and outline the scientific literature contributing to this field. Furthermore, we review the evidence for early‐life nutrient stress and low birth weight in animals and human cohort studies, respectively, and discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms culminating in skeletal muscle dysfunction, metabolic disease and loss of skeletal muscle mass across the lifespan. We also summarize and discuss studies that isolate muscle stem cells from different environmental niches in vivo (physically active, diabetic, cachectic, aged) and how they reportedly remember this environment once isolated in vitro. Finally, we will outline the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle memory and review the epigenetic regulation of exercise‐induced skeletal muscle adaptation, highlighting exercise interventions as suitable models to investigate skeletal muscle memory in humans. We believe that understanding the ‘epi’‐memory of skeletal muscle will enable the next generation of targeted therapies to promote muscle growth and reduce muscle loss to enable healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P. Sharples
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology (SCAMP) Research Unit Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group (EMARG) Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES) Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Claire E. Stewart
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology (SCAMP) Research Unit Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group (EMARG) Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES) Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Robert A. Seaborne
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology (SCAMP) Research Unit Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group (EMARG) Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES) Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
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