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Thrombomodulin and von willebrand factor as markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj94.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of research was to study the levels of thrombomodulin (TM) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) in the serum and urine of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)as diagnostic markers of endothelial dysfunction. The study involved 140 patients with CKD. The clinical diagnosis was determined based on standard methods of patients examination according to the kidney diseases classification and protocols of CKD patients management. The concentrations of TM and VWF in serum and urine were quantified by ELISA. A generalized endothelial dysfunction in the vessels of the whole body, including the kidneys and high concentration of TM and FVF in the serum and urine of patients with a diabetic nephropathy have been found. The concentration of TM and VWF in the serum of patients with a chronic glomerulonephritis was at the same level as in the serum of healthy individuals, while those in urine significantly exceeded the control values, indicating endothelial damage in the glomeruli of the kidneys due to exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines. In our opinion, the studied markers will contribute to the timely diagnosis of endothelial dysfunction in patients with CKD and to the development of criteria for prescribing antiplatelet agents in glomerular kidney disease.
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Kim G, Cho H, Nandhakumar P, Park JK, Kim KS, Yang H. Wash-Free, Sandwich-Type Protein Detection Using Direct Electron Transfer and Catalytic Signal Amplification of Multiple Redox Labels. Anal Chem 2022; 94:2163-2171. [PMID: 35043633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct electron transfer (DET) between a redox label and an electrode has been used for sensitive and selective sandwich-type detection without a wash step. However, applying DET is still highly challenging in protein detection, and a single redox label per probe is insufficient to obtain a high electrochemical signal. Here, we report a wash-free, sandwich-type detection of thrombin using DET and catalytic signal amplification of multiple redox labels. The detection scheme is based on (i) the redox label-catalyzed oxidation of a reductant, (ii) the conjugation of multiple redox labels per probe using a poly-linker, (iii) the low nonspecific adsorption of the conjugated poly-linker due to uncharged, reduced redox labels, and (iv) a facile DET using long, flexible poly-linker and spacer DNA. Amine-reactive phenazine ethosulfate and NADH were used as the redox label and reductant, respectively. N3-terminated polylysine was used as the poly-linker for the conjugation between an aptamer probe and multiple redox labels. Approximately 11 redox labels per probe and rapid catalytic NADH oxidation enable high signal amplification. Thrombin in urine could be detected without a wash step with a detection limit of ∼50 pM, which is practically promising for point-of-care testing of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hyejin Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Ponnusamy Nandhakumar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Jin Kyoon Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Kwang-Sun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Haesik Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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Kitamoto Y, Imamura T, Taguma Y, Iwaoka T, Yorinaka H, Arizono K. Urinary Thrombin as a Marker of Glomerular Inflammation Associated with Renal Injury in Type 2 Diabetes. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2021; 253:41-49. [PMID: 33441513 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.253.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular inflammation is a putative aggravation factor for type 2 diabetic nephropathy and urinary thrombin is a novel marker of glomerular inflammation. To clarify the relationship between glomerular inflammation and progression of the nephropathy, we measured urinary thrombin in 118 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy at different stages. To investigate the implications of urinary thrombin in the nephropathy, we compared urinary thrombin with expression of tissue factor, the trigger of blood coagulation activation, in glomeruli and with markers of renal injury (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria). Urinary thrombin was found in 4.9% (3/61), 0.0% (0/12), 29.6% (8/27) and 50.0% (9/18) of patient groups at stages 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Thus, urinary thrombin was negligible in the patients at early stages (stages 1 and 2), but was present predominantly in the patients at advanced stages (stages 3 and 4). Tissue factor was expressed in accumulated macrophages in glomeruli, which indicates that thrombin may be generated in inflamed glomeruli presumably via inflammation-induced activation of the exudated coagulation factors into glomerular tissues and then be excreted in urine. Urinary thrombin was significantly associated with both decreased eGFR and increased proteinuria in type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, increased urinary thrombin in patients with advanced stages of type 2 diabetic nephropathy suggests that glomerular inflammation may injure the tissues, thereby impairing renal function. Monitoring an effect of anti-diabetic treatments on glomerular inflammation in the patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy may be a possible application of urinary thrombin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Kitamoto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sendai Shakaihoken Hospital/JCHO Sendai Hospital
| | - Takahisa Imamura
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Yoshio Taguma
- Department of Nephrology, Sendai Shakaihoken Hospital/JCHO Sendai Hospital
| | - Taisuke Iwaoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seijino Rehabilitation Hospital
| | - Hoichi Yorinaka
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
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Han J, Pang X, Zhang Y, Peng Z, Shi X, Xing Y. Hirudin Protects Against Kidney Damage in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy Rats by Inhibiting Inflammation via P38 MAPK/NF-κB Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:3223-3234. [PMID: 32848363 PMCID: PMC7425656 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s257613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammation-induced podocyte apoptosis plays an important role in kidney injury during diabetic nephropathy (DN). Hirudin (HIR), a natural compound extracted from leeches, can inhibit inflammation. However, whether HIR can protect the kidneys against inflammation during DN is unknown. In the present study, we aimed to study the effects of HIR on kidney damage in a DN rat model and explore its anti-inflammatory properties. Methods A streptozotocin-induced DN rat model was generated, and HIR was administered subcutaneously. Immortal podocytes and primary peritoneal macrophages were used for vitro studies. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate renal pathological changes; quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting were used to detect gene expression; and TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptotic cells. Results Our results showed that HIR protected against renal injury, as indicated by kidney weight/body weight, serum creatinine, renal pathological changes, blood urea nitrogen, and detection of urine proteins. Notably, HIR treatment reduced macrophage infiltration, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and podocyte apoptosis in the kidney tissues of DN rats. In vitro, high glucose (HG) induced the activation of M1 macrophages, which was accompanied by increased podocyte apoptosis. HIR could decrease HG-induced podocyte apoptosis and suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in podocytes in vitro. This was achieved via inhibition of p38 MAPK/NF-κB activation in renal tissues and podocytes. Conclusion HIR could inhibit inflammation via the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway, prevent podocyte apoptosis, and protect against kidney damage in a DN rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Han
- Department of Nephropathy, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Pang
- Department of Nephropathy, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yage Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zining Peng
- Department of Nephropathy, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujie Shi
- Department of Nephropathy, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Xing
- Department of Nephropathy, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
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Kanai H, Sawanobori E, Kobayashi A, Goto M, Higashida K, Sugita K. Urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products measured using an anti-fibrinogen antibody predict orthostatic proteinuria. Pediatr Int 2018; 60:639-644. [PMID: 29654610 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (uFDP) measured using an anti-fibrinogen antibody in patients with orthostatic proteinuria (OP), and their use in differentiating between OP and glomerulonephritis (GN). METHODS uFDP were measured using first urine in the morning (supine) and non-first urine during a hospital visit (upright) and then normalized to urine creatinine (uFDP/Cr, ng/mgCr). We compared (i) OP patients (n = 16); (ii) those in remission from nephrotic syndrome (NS, n = 14) and from GN (IgA nephropathy [IgAN], n = 14; Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis [HSPN], n = 12); and (iii) those with active GN (IgAN, n = 12; HSPN, n = 19). RESULTS The uFDP/Cr ratio increased from supine to upright urine in patients with OP (P < 0.001), but decreased in one case. uFDP were excreted in supine urine in 94% of OP patients, with no excretion in NS remission patients or in 92% of GN remission patients (P < 0.001 for both). uFDP/Cr in supine urine was similar between the OP and active GN patients (P = 0.40), whereas proteinuria in supine urine was in the normal range in all OP patients, but was significantly higher in upright urine in the OP patients (P < 0.001). In upright urine, urinary protein/creatinine ratio was significantly lower in patients with OP than in those with active GN (P = 0.005). A uFDP/Cr ratio cut-off of 1,108 ng/mgCr in upright urine correctly differentiated OP from active GN, with a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 100%. CONCLUSION Comparison of uFDP levels in supine/upright urine can be reliable for diagnosing OP and for differentiating it from active GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kanai
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Emi Sawanobori
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Anna Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Miwa Goto
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kosuke Higashida
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kanji Sugita
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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Guan Y, Nakano D, Zhang Y, Li L, Liu W, Nishida M, Kuwabara T, Morishita A, Hitomi H, Mori K, Mukoyama M, Masaki T, Hirano K, Nishiyama A. A protease-activated receptor-1 antagonist protects against podocyte injury in a mouse model of nephropathy. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 135:S1347-8613(17)30128-7. [PMID: 29110957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney expresses protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1). PAR-1 is known as a thrombin receptor, but its role in kidney injury is not well understood. In this study, we examined the contribution of PAR-1 to kidney glomerular injury and the effects of its inhibition on development of nephropathy. Mice were divided into 3 groups: control, doxorubicin + vehicle (15 mg/kg doxorubicin and saline) and doxorubicin + Q94 (doxorubicin at 15 mg/kg and the PAR-1 antagonist Q94 at 5 mg/kg/d) groups. Where indicated, doxorubicin was administered intravenously and PAR-1 antagonist or saline vehicle by subcutaneous osmotic mini-pump. PAR-1 expression was increased in glomeruli of mice treated with doxorubicin. Q94 treatment significantly suppressed the increased albuminuria in these nephropathic mice. Pathological analysis showed that Q94 treatment significantly attenuated periodic acid-Schiff and desmin staining, indicators of podocyte injury, and also decreased glomerular levels of podocin and nephrin. Furthermore, thrombin increased intracellular calcium levels in podocytes. This increase was suppressed by Q94 and Rox4560, a transient receptor potential cation channel (TRPC)3/6 antagonist. In addition, both Q94 and Rox4560 suppressed the doxorubicin-induced increase in activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in podocytes. These data suggested that PAR-1 contributes to development of podocyte and glomerular injury and that PAR-1 antagonists have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashige Kuwabara
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology & Neurology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hitomi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Mori
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Research, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology & Neurology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Katsuya Hirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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Lin ZT, Gu J, Li CH, Lee TR, Xie L, Chen S, Cao PY, Jiang S, Yuan Y, Hong X, Wang H, Wang D, Wang X, Jiang GB, Heon M, Wu T. A Nanoparticle-Decorated Biomolecule-Responsive Polymer Enables Robust Signaling Cascade for Biosensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1702090. [PMID: 28612952 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To meet the increasing demands for ultrasensitivity in monitoring trace amounts of low-abundance early biomarkers or environmental toxins, the development of a robust sensing system is urgently needed. Here, a novel signal cascade strategy is reported via an ultrasensitive polymeric sensing system (UPSS) composed of gold nanoparticle (gNP)-decorated polymer, which enables gNP aggregation in polymeric network and electrical conductance change upon specific aptamer-based biomolecular recognition. Ultralow concentrations of thrombin (10-18 m) as well as a low molecular weight anatoxin (165 Da, 10-14 m) are detected selectively and reproducibly. The biomolecular recognition induced polymeric network shrinkage responses as well as dose-dependent responses of the UPSS are validated using in situ real-time atomic-force microscopy, representing the first instance of real-time detection of biomolecular binding-induced polymer shrinkage in soft matter. Furthermore, in situ real-time confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging reveals the dynamic process of gNP aggregation responses upon biomolecular binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuan-Tao Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Jianhua Gu
- Electron Microscopy Core, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chien-Hung Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - T Randall Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Lixin Xie
- Department of Physics and TcSUH, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Physics and TcSUH, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Piao-Yang Cao
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Yulin Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Xia Hong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Hongting Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Dezhi Wang
- Department of Physics and TcSUH, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Xifan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Gang-Biao Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mikala Heon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Tianfu Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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Chen L, Bao Y, Denstedt J, Zhang J. Nanostructured bioluminescent sensor for rapidly detecting thrombin. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 77:83-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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