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de Vries T, Labruijere S, Rivera-Mancilla E, Garrelds IM, de Vries R, Schutter D, van den Bogaerdt A, Poyner DR, Ladds G, Danser AHJ, MaassenVanDenBrink A. Intracellular pathways of calcitonin gene-related peptide-induced relaxation of human coronary arteries: A key role for Gβγ subunit instead of cAMP. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:2478-2491. [PMID: 38583945 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a potent vasodilator. While its signalling is assumed to be mediated via increases in cAMP, this study focused on elucidating the actual intracellular signalling pathways involved in CGRP-induced relaxation of human isolated coronary arteries (HCA). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH HCA were obtained from heart valve donors (27 M, 25 F, age 54 ± 2 years). Concentration-response curves to human α-CGRP or forskolin were constructed in HCA segments, incubated with different inhibitors of intracellular signalling pathways, and intracellular cAMP levels were measured with and without stimulation. RESULTS Adenylyl cyclase (AC) inhibitors SQ22536 + DDA and MDL-12330A, and PKA inhibitors Rp-8-Br-cAMPs and H89, did not inhibit CGRP-induced relaxation of HCA, nor did the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ, PKG inhibitor KT5823, EPAC1/2 inhibitor ESI09, potassium channel blockers TRAM-34 + apamin, iberiotoxin or glibenclamide, or the Gαq inhibitor YM-254890. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors induced a concentration-dependent decrease in the response to KCl but did not potentiate relaxation to CGRP. Relaxation to forskolin was not blocked by PKA or AC inhibitors, although AC inhibitors significantly inhibited the increase in cAMP. Inhibition of Gβγ subunits using gallein significantly inhibited the relaxation to CGRP in human coronary arteries. CONCLUSION While CGRP signalling is generally assumed to act via cAMP, the CGRP-induced vasodilation in HCA was not inhibited by targeting this intracellular signalling pathway at different levels. Instead, inhibition of Gβγ subunits did inhibit the relaxation to CGRP, suggesting a different mechanism of CGRP-induced relaxation than generally believed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa de Vries
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sieneke Labruijere
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eduardo Rivera-Mancilla
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M Garrelds
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René de Vries
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Schutter
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - David R Poyner
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, UK
| | - Graham Ladds
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A H Jan Danser
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antoinette MaassenVanDenBrink
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Long-Term Administration of Abacavir and Etravirine Impairs Semen Quality and Alters Redox System and Bone Metabolism in Growing Male Wistar Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5596090. [PMID: 34373766 PMCID: PMC8349296 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5596090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is used in HIV-infected patients. Alongside the prolongation of patients' life, adverse side effects associated with long-term therapy are becoming an increasing problem. Therefore, optimizing of HAART is extremely important. The study is aimed at evaluating the toxicity of abacavir and etravirine in monotherapy on the reproductive system, liver, kidneys, and bones in young, sexually mature, male rats. Thirty-six 8-week-old male Wistar rats randomized into three 12-animal groups received either normal saline (control), abacavir 60 mg/kg (AB group), or etravirine 40 mg/kg (ET group) once daily for 16 weeks. Semen morphology, oxide-redox state parameters (MDA, SOD, catalase, GPx, glutathione, GSH/GSSG ratio) in tissue homogenates (testes, liver, kidneys), and serum samples were studied. In bones, microcomputed tomography and a four-point bending test were performed. Total sperm count, sperm concentration, motility, and sperm morphology did not differ significantly in AB or ET groups compared to the control. In the flow cytometry of semen, an increased percentage of cells with denatured DNA was noticed for both tested drugs. However, no significant changes of oxide-redox state in testicular homogenates were found, except of increased SOD activity in the AB-receiving group. Additionally, ET significantly altered catalase and GPx in the liver and SOD activity in kidneys. Abacavir decreased catalase in the liver and GSH levels in kidneys. AB caused significant changes to bone microarchitecture (bone volume fraction, trabecular number, connectivity density, total porosity) and increased Young's modulus. Etravirine had a greater impact on macrometric parameters of bones (tibial index, mid-tibial diameter, femur length). After 4 weeks in the ET group, a lower 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 serum concentration was found. The results showed that abacavir and etravirine disturb oxidative stress. An increase in the percentage of sperms with chromatin damage suggests decreased fertility in rats receiving the studied drugs. Both drugs affected bone formation in growing rats. Additionally, etravirine disturbed vitamin D metabolism.
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Cerveny L, Ptackova Z, Ceckova M, Karahoda R, Karbanova S, Jiraskova L, Greenwood SL, Glazier JD, Staud F. Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 (ENT1, SLC29A1) Facilitates Transfer of the Antiretroviral Drug Abacavir across the Placenta. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1817-1826. [PMID: 30097436 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.083329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abacavir is a preferred antiretroviral drug for preventing mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus transmission; however, mechanisms of its placental transfer have not been satisfactorily described to date. Because abacavir is a nucleoside-derived drug, we hypothesized that the nucleoside transporters, equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs, SLC29A) and/or Na+-dependent concentrative nucleoside transporters (CNTs, SLC28A), may play a role in its passage across the placenta. To test this hypothesis, we performed uptake experiments using the choriocarcinoma-derived BeWo cell line, human fresh villous fragments, and microvillous plasma membrane (MVM) vesicles. Using endogenous substrates of nucleoside transporters, [3H]-adenosine (ENTs, CNT2, and CNT3) and [3H]-thymidine (ENTs, CNT1, and CNT3), we showed significant activity of ENT1 and CNT2 in BeWo cells, whereas experiments in the villous fragments and MVM vesicles, representing a model of the apical membrane of a syncytiotrophoblast, revealed only ENT1 activity. When testing [3H]-abacavir uptakes, we showed that of the nucleoside transporters, ENT1 plays the dominant role in abacavir uptake into placental tissues, whereas contribution of Na+-dependent transport, most likely mediated by CNTs, was observed only in BeWo cells. Subsequent experiments with dually perfused rat term placentas showed that Ent1 contributes significantly to overall [3H]-abacavir placental transport. Finally, we quantified the expression of SLC29A in first- and third-trimester placentas, revealing that SLC29A1 is the dominant isoform. Neither SLC29A1 nor SLC29A2 expression changed over the course of placental development, but there was considerable interindividual variability in their expression. Therefore, drug-drug interactions and the effect of interindividual variability in placental ENT1 expression on abacavir disposition into fetal circulation should be further investigated to guarantee safe and effective abacavir-based combination therapies in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Cerveny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.C., Z.P., M.C., R.K., S.K., L.J., F.S.) and Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (S.L.G., J.D.G.)
| | - Zuzana Ptackova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.C., Z.P., M.C., R.K., S.K., L.J., F.S.) and Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (S.L.G., J.D.G.)
| | - Martina Ceckova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.C., Z.P., M.C., R.K., S.K., L.J., F.S.) and Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (S.L.G., J.D.G.)
| | - Rona Karahoda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.C., Z.P., M.C., R.K., S.K., L.J., F.S.) and Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (S.L.G., J.D.G.)
| | - Sara Karbanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.C., Z.P., M.C., R.K., S.K., L.J., F.S.) and Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (S.L.G., J.D.G.)
| | - Lucie Jiraskova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.C., Z.P., M.C., R.K., S.K., L.J., F.S.) and Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (S.L.G., J.D.G.)
| | - Susan L Greenwood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.C., Z.P., M.C., R.K., S.K., L.J., F.S.) and Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (S.L.G., J.D.G.)
| | - Jocelyn D Glazier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.C., Z.P., M.C., R.K., S.K., L.J., F.S.) and Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (S.L.G., J.D.G.)
| | - Frantisek Staud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.C., Z.P., M.C., R.K., S.K., L.J., F.S.) and Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (S.L.G., J.D.G.)
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