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Cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides regulate the cell cycle, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis of mouse ovarian granulosa cells by targeting inhibin alpha (1 ~ 32) fragments. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2022; 58:243-254. [PMID: 35378691 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODNs), which exist in vertebrate, bacterial, and viral genomes, are regarded as strong immune adjuvants. To date, the biological activities of CpG-ODNs in reproduction remain unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of CpG-ODNs on the cell cycle, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis in mouse granulosa cells (mGCs), in combination with inhibin alpha (1 ~ 32) fragments. mGCs were transfected with pEGFP (containing green fluorescent protein, as a control), pEGISI (containing inhibin alpha (1 ~ 32) fragments), or pEGISI-CpG-ODNs (containing inhibin alpha (1 ~ 32) fragments and CpG-ODNs motifs) plasmid for 48 h in vitro. Our results showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of inhibin alpha were downregulated in mGCs transfected with pEGISI-CpG-ODNs, compared to those transfected with pEGISI. Flow cytometry demonstrated that pEGISI-CpG-ODNs transfection promoted cell proliferation (for example, increasing the number of cells in S and G2 phases) and decreased apoptosis, compared to pEGISI transfection. The present study also indicated that the expression of cell cycle-related genes (cyclin D2, cyclin D3, cyclin E1, Cdk2, and Cdk6) was increased, while the expression of apoptosis-related factors (Fas, FasL, caspase-8, and caspase-3) decreased after pEGISI-CpG-ODNs treatment. Additionally, pEGISI-CpG-ODNs reversed the effect of pEGISI on the secretion of estradiol in mGCs, which was further validated by upregulating the levels of its synthesis-related factors (StAR, Cyp11a1, and 17β-HSD II). Nevertheless, pEGISI-CpG-ODNs or pEGISI did not affect the concentration of progesterone nor changed the expression levels of its synthesis-related factors (3β-HSD I and Cyp19a1). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that CpG-ODNs may affect the cell cycle, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis by targeting the effects of inhibin alpha (1 ~ 32) fragments, supporting the potential role of CpG-ODNs in the development of granulosa cells.
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Miyamoto Y, Kubota K, Asawa Y, Hoshi K, Hikita A. M1-like macrophage contributes to chondrogenesis in vitro. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21307. [PMID: 34716346 PMCID: PMC8556372 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage tissues have poor self-repairing abilities. Regenerative medicine can be applied to recover cartilage tissue damage in the oral and maxillofacial regions. However, hitherto it has not been possible to predict the maturity of the tissue construction after transplantation or to prepare mature cartilage tissues before transplantation that can meet clinical needs. Macrophages play an important role in cartilage tissue regeneration, although the exact mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we established and verified an in vitro experimental system for the direct co-culture of cell pellets prepared from mouse auricular chondrocytes and macrophages polarized into four phenotypes (M1-like, M1, M2-like, and M2). We demonstrate that cartilage pellets co-cultured with M1-like promoted collagen type 2 and aggrecan production and induced the most significant increase in chondrogenesis. Furthermore, M1-like shifted to M2 on day 7 of co-culture, suggesting that the cartilage pellet supplied factors that changed the polarization of M1-like. Our findings suggest that cartilage regenerative medicine will be most effective if the maturation of cartilage tissues is induced in vitro by co-culture with M1-like before transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Miyamoto
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Keigo Kubota
- Division of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, 101-8643, Japan.,Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, and Orthodontics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yukiyo Asawa
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuto Hoshi
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, and Orthodontics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hikita
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
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Yang L, Liang M, Cui C, Li X, Li L, Pan X, Yazd HS, Hong M, Lu J, Cao YC, Tan W. Enhancing the Nucleolytic Resistance and Bioactivity of Functional Nucleic Acids by Diverse Nanostructures through in Situ Polymerization-Induced Self-assembly. Chembiochem 2020; 22:754-759. [PMID: 33051959 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Functional nucleic acids (FNAs) are garnering tremendous interest owing to their high modularity and unique bioactivity. Three-dimensional FNAs have been developed to overcome the issues of nuclease degradation and limited cell uptake. We have developed a new facile approach to the synthesis of multiple three-dimensional FNA nanostructures by harnessing photo-polymerization-induced self-assembly. Sgc8 aptamer and CpG oligonucleotide were modified as macro chain-transfer reagents to mediate in situ polymerization and self-assembly. Diverse structures, including micelles, rods, and short worms, afford these two FNAs afford these two FNAs with higher nuclease resistance in serum serum, greater cellular uptake efficiency, and increased bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Mingwei Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UF Health Cancer Center, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Cheng Cui
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Long Li
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Xiaoshu Pan
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Hoda Safari Yazd
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Min Hong
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Jianrong Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UF Health Cancer Center, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Y Charles Cao
- Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China.,The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Tumor Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, P. R. China
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Kim KR, Lee D, Jeong KY, Lee KW, Kim MS, Kim JH, Yoon HC. Nonspectroscopic Migratory Cell Monitoring Method Using Retroreflective Janus Microparticles. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:24790-24798. [PMID: 33015497 PMCID: PMC7528338 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to suggest a simple migratory cell monitoring method in the Transwell system by utilizing retroreflective Janus microparticles (RJPs) as an optical probe. The RJP could be internalized on cells without compromising the cell viability and can be registered as bright spots within the cell body by inducing retroreflection from nonspectroscopic light sources. Conventional optical probes (e.g., fluorophores, chromogens, and nanoparticles) have been extensively studied and applied across diverse platforms (e.g., Boyden chamber, wound closing, and microfluidic chips) for understanding in vitro kinetic cell behavior. However, the complexities of running such platforms and setting up analytical instruments are limiting. In this regard, we aimed to demonstrate a modified Transwell migration assay by introducing the retroreflection principle to the cell quantification procedures that ensure a simplified optical setup, assure easy signal acquisition, and are compatible with conventional platforms. To demonstrate retroreflection as a signaling principle, a half-metal-coated silica particle that can induce interior retroreflection was synthesized. Because the RJPs can concentrate incident light and reflect it back to the light source, retroreflection was distinctively recognizable and enabled sensitive visualization. To verify the applicability of the developed migration assay, cell quantification during the incremental progress of macrophage migration, and cell quantification under gradients of chemoattractant monocyte protein-1, was accomplished by obtaining phagocytosed RJP-mediated retroreflection signals. Considering that conventional assays are designed as endpoint measurements, we anticipate the proposed retroreflection-based cell quantification technique to be a promising solution, bypassing current limitations.
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Klimczak-Tomaniak D, Bouwens E, Schuurman AS, Akkerhuis KM, Constantinescu A, Brugts J, Westenbrink BD, van Ramshorst J, Germans T, Pączek L, Umans V, Boersma E, Kardys I. Temporal patterns of macrophage- and neutrophil-related markers are associated with clinical outcome in heart failure patients. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:1190-1200. [PMID: 32196993 PMCID: PMC7261550 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Evidence on the association of macrophage- and neutrophil-related blood biomarkers with clinical outcome in heart failure patients is limited, and, with the exception of C-reactive protein, no data exist on their temporal evolution. We aimed to investigate whether temporal patterns of these biomarkers are related to clinical outcome in patients with stable chronic heart failure (CHF). METHODS AND RESULTS In 263 patients with CHF, we performed serial plasma measurements of scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 (CD163), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 (TRAP), granulins (GRN), spondin-1 (SPON1), peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). The Cardiovascular Panel III (Olink Proteomics AB, Uppsala, Sweden) was used. During 2.2 years of follow-up, we collected 1984 samples before the occurrence of the composite primary endpoint (PE) or censoring. For efficiency, we selected 567 samples for the measurements (all baseline samples, the last two samples preceding the PE, and the last sample before censoring in event-free patients). The relationship between repeatedly measured biomarker levels and the PE was evaluated by joint models. Mean (±standard deviation) age was 67 ± 13 years; 189 (72%) were men; left ventricular ejection fraction (%) was 32 ± 11. During follow-up, 70 (27%) patients experienced the PE. Serially measured biomarkers predicted the PE in a multivariable model adjusted for baseline clinical characteristics [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) per 1-standard deviation change in biomarker]: CD163 [2.07(1.47-2.98), P < 0.001], TRAP [0.62 (0.43-0.90), P = 0.009], GRN [2.46 (1.64-3.84), P < 0.001], SPON1 [3.94 (2.50-6.50), P < 0.001], and PGLYRP1 [1.62 (1.14-2.31), P = 0.006]. CONCLUSIONS Changes in plasma levels of CD163, TRAP, GRN, SPON1, and PGLYRP1 precede adverse cardiovascular events in patients with CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Klimczak-Tomaniak
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Division of Heart Failure and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elke Bouwens
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Sophie Schuurman
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Martijn Akkerhuis
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alina Constantinescu
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper Brugts
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Daan Westenbrink
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van Ramshorst
- Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - Tjeerd Germans
- Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - Leszek Pączek
- Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Victor Umans
- Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Boersma
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isabella Kardys
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Jiang J, Kong X, Xie Y, Zou H, Tang Q, Ma D, Zhao X, He X, Xia A, Liu P. Potent anti-tumor immunostimulatory biocompatible nanohydrogel made from DNA. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:217. [PMID: 31243604 PMCID: PMC6595017 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides are potent immunostimulatory motifs in activating both innate and acquired immune system by inducing Th1 type antigen-specific T cell responses, but their instability in serum greatly influences their immunostimulant efficiency. Here, we constructed a novel immuno-DNA nanohydrogels consisting of tandem repeat sequences of CpG units named CpG-MCA nanohydrogels through multi-primed chain amplification. CpG-MCA nanohydrogels were proved to resist degradation and increase the proliferation and migration of murine macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, CpG-MCA nanohydrogels effectively induced high expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, and remarkably inhibited the proliferation of U251 cells, suggesting that CpG-MCA nanohydrogels are expected to be employed as the potent anti-cancer immunostimulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiana Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianming Kong
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuexia Xie
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanbing Zou
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ding Ma
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhen He
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Anyue Xia
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peifeng Liu
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
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7
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The proprotein convertase PC1/3 regulates TLR9 trafficking and the associated signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19360. [PMID: 26778167 PMCID: PMC4725977 DOI: 10.1038/srep19360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosomal TLR9 is considered as a potent anti-tumoral therapeutic target. Therefore, it is crucial to decipher the mechanisms controlling its trafficking since it determines TLR9 activation and signalling. At present, the scarcity of molecular information regarding the control of this trafficking and signalling is noticeable. We have recently demonstrated that in macrophages, proprotein convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) is a key regulator of TLR4 Myd88-dependent signalling. In the present study, we established that PC1/3 also regulates the endosomal TLR9. Under CpG-ODN challenge, we found that PC1/3 traffics rapidly to co-localize with TLR9 in CpG-ODN-containing endosomes with acidic pH. In PC1/3 knockdown macrophages, compartmentalization of TLR9 was altered and TLR9 clustered in multivesicular bodies (MVB) as demonstrated by co-localization with Rab7. This demonstrates that PC1/3 controls TLR9 trafficking. This clustering of TLR9 in MVB dampened the anti-inflammatory STAT3 signalling pathway while it promoted the pro-inflammatory NF-kB pathway. As a result, macrophages from PC1/3 KO mice and rat PC1/3-KD NR8383 macrophages secreted more pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL6, IL1α and CXCL2. This is indicative of a M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype. Therefore, PC1/3 KD macrophages represent a relevant mean for cell therapy as “Trojan” macrophages.
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