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Möth S, Walzer A, Redl M, Petrović B, Hoffmann C, Winter S. Unexpected Effects of Local Management and Landscape Composition on Predatory Mites and Their Food Resources in Vineyards. INSECTS 2021; 12:180. [PMID: 33669755 PMCID: PMC7922120 DOI: 10.3390/insects12020180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Viticultural practices and landscape composition are the main drivers influencing biological pest control in vineyards. Predatory mites, mainly phytoseiid (Phytoseiidae) and tydeoid mites (Tydeidae), are important to control phytophagous mites (Tetranychidae and Eriophyidae) on vines. In the absence of arthropod prey, pollen is an important food source for predatory mites. In 32 paired vineyards located in Burgenland/Austria, we examined the effect of landscape composition, management type (organic/integrated), pesticide use, and cover crop diversity of the inter-row on the densities of phytoseiid, tydeoid, and phytophagous mites. In addition, we sampled pollen on vine leaves. Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten was the main phytoseiid mite species and Tydeus goetzi Schruft the main tydeoid species. Interestingly, the area-related acute pesticide toxicity loading was higher in organic than in integrated vineyards. The densities of phytoseiid and tydeoid mites was higher in integrated vineyards and in vineyards with spontaneous vegetation. Their population also profited from an increased viticultural area at the landscape scale. Eriophyoid mite densities were extremely low across all vineyards and spider mites were absent. Biological pest control of phytophagous mites benefits from less intensive pesticide use and spontaneous vegetation cover in vineyard inter-rows, which should be considered in agri-environmental schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Möth
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (A.W.); (M.R.); (B.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Andreas Walzer
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (A.W.); (M.R.); (B.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Markus Redl
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (A.W.); (M.R.); (B.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Božana Petrović
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (A.W.); (M.R.); (B.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Christoph Hoffmann
- Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany;
| | - Silvia Winter
- Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; (A.W.); (M.R.); (B.P.); (S.W.)
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Segoli M, Kishinevsky M, Rozenberg T, Hoffmann I. Parasitoid Abundance and Community Composition in Desert Vineyards and Their Adjacent Natural Habitats. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11090580. [PMID: 32882792 PMCID: PMC7565741 DOI: 10.3390/insects11090580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Parasitoids are important natural enemies of many agricultural pests. Preserving natural habitats around agricultural fields may support parasitoid populations. However, the success of such an approach depends on the ability of parasitoids to utilize both crop and natural habitats. While these aspects have been studied extensively in temperate regions, very little is known about parasitoid communities in desert agroecosystems. We took one step in this direction by sampling parasitoids in six vineyards and their surrounding natural desert habitat in a hyper-arid region of the Negev Desert Highlands, Israel. We predicted that due to the high contrast in environmental conditions, parasitoid abundance and community composition would differ greatly between the crop and the natural desert habitats. We found that parasitoid abundance differed between the habitats; however, the exact distribution pattern depended on the time of year-with higher numbers of parasitoids in the natural habitat at the beginning of the vine growth season and higher numbers in the vineyard at the middle and end of the season. Although parasitoid community composition significantly differed between the vineyard and desert habitats, this only accounted for ~4% of the total variation. Overall, our results do not strongly support the notion of distinct parasitoid communities in the crop vs. the desert environment, suggesting that despite environmental contrasts, parasitoids may move between and utilize resources in both habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Segoli
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus 8499000, Israel;
- Correspondence:
| | - Miriam Kishinevsky
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (M.K.); (I.H.)
| | - Tamir Rozenberg
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus 8499000, Israel;
| | - Ishai Hoffmann
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (M.K.); (I.H.)
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Daane KM, Hogg BN, Wilson H, Yokota GY. Native grass ground covers provide multiple ecosystem services in Californian vineyards. J Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kent M. Daane
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management; University of California; Berkeley CA USA
| | - Brian N. Hogg
- Exotic and Invasive Weeds Research Unit; USDA-ARS; Albany CA USA
| | - Houston Wilson
- Department of Entomology; University of California; Riverside CA USA
| | - Glenn Y. Yokota
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management; University of California; Berkeley CA USA
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Daane KM, Vincent C, Isaacs R, Ioriatti C. Entomological Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainable Viticulture in a Global Market. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 63:193-214. [PMID: 29324036 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-010715-023547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Viticulture has experienced dramatic global growth in acreage and value. As the international exchange of goods has increased, so too has the market demand for sustainably produced products. Both elements redefine the entomological challenges posed to viticulture and have stimulated significant advances in arthropod pest control programs. Vineyard managers on all continents are increasingly combating invasive species, resulting in the adoption of novel insecticides, semiochemicals, and molecular tools to support sustainable viticulture. At the local level, vineyard management practices consider factors such as the surrounding natural ecosystem, risk to fish populations, and air quality. Coordinated multinational responses to pest invasion have been highly effective and have, for example, resulted in eradication of the moth Lobesia botrana from California vineyards, a pest found in 2009 and eradicated by 2016. At the global level, the shared pests and solutions for their suppression will play an increasing role in delivering internationally sensitive pest management programs that respond to invasive pests, climate change, novel vector and pathogen relationships, and pesticide restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent M Daane
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3114;
| | - Charles Vincent
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec J3B 3E6, Canada;
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;
| | - Claudio Ioriatti
- Technological Transfer Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento 38010, Italy;
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Wilson H, Daane KM. Review of Ecologically-Based Pest Management in California Vineyards. INSECTS 2017; 8:E108. [PMID: 29019946 PMCID: PMC5746791 DOI: 10.3390/insects8040108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Grape growers in California utilize a variety of biological, cultural, and chemical approaches for the management of insect and mite pests in vineyards. This combination of strategies falls within the integrated pest management (IPM) framework, which is considered to be the dominant pest management paradigm in vineyards. While the adoption of IPM has led to notable and significant reductions in the environmental impacts of grape production, some growers are becoming interested in the use of an explicitly non-pesticide approach to pest management that is broadly referred to as ecologically-based pest management (EBPM). Essentially a subset of IPM strategies, EBPM places strong emphasis on practices such as habitat management, natural enemy augmentation and conservation, and animal integration. Here, we summarize the range and known efficacy of EBPM practices utilized in California vineyards, followed by a discussion of research needs and future policy directions. EBPM should in no way be seen in opposition, or as an alternative to the IPM framework. Rather, the further development of more reliable EBPM practices could contribute to the robustness of IPM strategies available to grape growers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houston Wilson
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Kent M Daane
- Department Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, USA.
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Wilson H, Miles AF, Daane KM, Altieri MA. Landscape diversity and crop vigor outweigh influence of local diversification on biological control of a vineyard pest. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Houston Wilson
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management University of California Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall #3114 Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Albie F. Miles
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management University of California Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall #3114 Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Kent M. Daane
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management University of California Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall #3114 Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Miguel A. Altieri
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management University of California Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall #3114 Berkeley California 94720 USA
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Landscape Diversity and Crop Vigor Influence Biological Control of the Western Grape Leafhopper (E. elegantula Osborn) in Vineyards. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141752. [PMID: 26555074 PMCID: PMC4640660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated how the proportional area of natural habitat surrounding a vineyard (i.e. landscape diversity) worked in conjunction with crop vigor, cultivar and rootstock selection to influence biological control of the western grape leafhopper (Erythroneura elegantula Osborn). The key natural enemies of E. elegantula are Anagrus erythroneurae S. Trjapitzin & Chiappini and A. daanei Triapitsyn, both of which are likely impacted by changes in landscape diversity due to their reliance on non-crop habitat to successfully overwinter. Additionally, E. elegantula is sensitive to changes in host plant quality which may influence densities on specific cultivars, rootstocks and/or vines with increased vigor. From 2010–2013, data were collected on natural enemy and leafhopper densities, pest parasitism rates and vine vigor from multiple vineyards that represented a continuum of landscape diversity. Early in the season, vineyards in more diverse landscapes had higher Anagrus spp. densities and lower E. elegantula densities, which led to increased parasitism of E. elegantula. Although late season densities of E. elegantula tended to be lower in vineyards with higher early season parasitism rates and lower total petiole nitrogen content, they were also affected by rootstock and cultivar. While diverse landscapes can support higher natural enemy populations, which can lead to increased biological control, leafhopper densities also appear to be mediated by cultivar, rootstock and vine vigor.
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