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Dominguez LJ, Sayón-Orea C, Gea A, Toledo-Atucha E, Bes-Rastrollo M, Barbagallo M, Martínez-González MA. CUN-BAE adiposity index prediction of incident type 2 diabetes: the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra prospective cohort. J Nutr Health Aging 2025; 29:100545. [PMID: 40147296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2024] [Revised: 11/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is currently a pandemic and a cardinal risk factor for incident diabetes, a parallel growing pandemic. Measures commonly used to define obesity, i.e., BMI and waist circumference, do not accurately reflect body fatness. METHODS We examined the prognostic value of body fatness assessed with the 'Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator' (CUN-BAE, range: 18.4-65.0 %) in 18,594 participants of the "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra" prospective longitudinal cohort (60.5% women) without diabetes at baseline. Participants were followed-up with biennial questionnaires and multivariable-adjusted Cox models were used to estimate incident diabetes. RESULTS During 13.7 years of median follow-up, 209 participants developed diabetes. Progressively ascending quartiles of CUN-BAE were significantly associated with incident diabetes in multivariable-adjusted models, even after adjusting for BMI > 30 kg/m2. For each 2-unit increment in the CUN-BAE index, diabetes risk relatively increased by 46% in men and women (95% CI: 33%-62%). When comparing ROC AUC for CUN-BAE and BMI the association was stronger for CUN-BAE (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CUN-BAE index, an easy equation that can be used in any clinical setting, predicted better the risk of incident diabetes compared to BMI. Our results emphasize the importance of reducing and maintaining a low adiposity in order to prevent diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J Dominguez
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Kore of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy; Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Carmen Sayón-Orea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Public Health Institute, 31003 Navarra, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Gea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Estefania Toledo-Atucha
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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Aguilera-Buenosvinos I, Martínez-González MA, Romanos-Nanclares A, Sánchez-Bayona R, de Andrea CE, Domínguez LJ, Toledo E. Dietary-Based Diabetes Risk Score and breast cancer: a prospective evaluation in the SUN project. J Physiol Biochem 2024:10.1007/s13105-024-01036-9. [PMID: 39235717 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
An association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and breast cancer risk has been reported. This association can be potentially explained by alteration of the insulin/IGF system. Therefore, we aimed to prospectively investigate whether a previously reported Dietary-Based Diabetes Risk Score (DDS) inversely associated with T2D was also associated with breast cancer risk in the SUN ("Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra") cohort. We followed up 10,810 women (mean age = 35 years, SD = 11 years) for an average of 12.5 years during which 147 new cases of invasive breast cancer were diagnosed. A validated 136-item FFQ was administered at baseline and after 10 years of follow-up. The DDS (range: 11 to 55 points) positively weighted vegetables, fruit, whole cereals, nuts, coffee, low-fat dairy, fiber, PUFA; while it negatively weighted red meat, processed meats, and sugar-sweetened beverages. The DDS was categorized into tertiles. Self-reported medically diagnosed breast cancer cases were confirmed through medical records. We found a significant inverse association between the intermediate tertile of the DDS score and overall breast cancer risk (Hazard ratio, HRT2 vs. T1= 0.55; 95% CI: 0.36-0.82) and premenopausal breast cancer risk (HRT2= 0.26; 95% CI: 0.13-0.53), but not for the highest tertile. This association was stronger among women with a BMI < 25 kg/m2 (pinteraction: 0.029). In conclusion, moderate adherence to the DDS score was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer, especially among premenopausal women and women with a lower BMI. These findings underscore the importance of antidiabetic diet in reducing the risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Aguilera-Buenosvinos
- Universidad de Navarra Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- Universidad de Navarra Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Área de Fisiología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Andrea Romanos-Nanclares
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rodrigo Sánchez-Bayona
- Universidad de Navarra Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Carlos E de Andrea
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, 31008, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Cáncer, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Ligia J Domínguez
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna "Kore", Enna, Italy
| | - Estefania Toledo
- Universidad de Navarra Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Área de Fisiología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, 28029, Spain.
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Augimeri G, Caparello G, Caputo I, Reda R, Testarelli L, Bonofiglio D. Mediterranean diet: a potential player in the link between oral microbiome and oral diseases. J Oral Microbiol 2024; 16:2329474. [PMID: 38510981 PMCID: PMC10953787 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2329474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The oral microbiome is a complex and dynamic assemblage of microorganisms that colonize different sites of the oral cavity maintaining both oral and systemic health. Therefore, when its composition is altered, oral diseases occur. Among oral inflammatory pathologies, periodontal diseases affect the tissues surrounding the teeth, representing the main cause of tooth loss and one of the most important threats to the oral health. Lifestyle and eating habits influence the composition of the human oral microbiota and the development and progression of oral diseases. In this context, the Mediterranean Diet (MD) model, comprising both healthy dietary choices and lifestyle, is linked to the prevention of several metabolic and chronic-degenerative pathological processes, including oral diseases. Indeed, the MD is a plant-based diet, enriched of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutrients, which may induce beneficial effects against dental caries and periodontal diseases. Aim This review summarizes the role of the oral microbiome in the development of the oral diseases and the potential of MD in modulating the oral microbiome leading to implications for oral health. Conclusions The data collected highlight the need to promote the MD pattern along with the correct hygiene habits to prevent the development of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Augimeri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Giovanna Caparello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Ippolito Caputo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Reda
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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Taylor RM, Haslam RL, Herbert J, Whatnall MC, Trijsburg L, de Vries JHM, Josefsson MS, Koochek A, Nowicka P, Neuman N, Clarke ED, Burrows TL, Collins CE. Diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Nutr Diet 2024; 81:35-50. [PMID: 38129766 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate relationships between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS Six databases were searched for studies published between January 2007 and October 2021. Eligible studies included cohort studies that assessed the relationship between a priori diet quality and cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in adults. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Checklist was used to assess the risk of bias. Study characteristics and outcomes were extracted from eligible studies using standardised processes. Data were summarised using risk ratios for cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality with difference compared for highest versus lowest diet quality synthesised in meta-analyses using a random effects model. RESULTS Of the 4780 studies identified, 159 studies (n = 6 272 676 adults) were included. Meta-analyses identified a significantly lower cardiovascular disease incidence (n = 42 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82-0.84, p < 0.001) and mortality risk (n = 49 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82-0.84, p < 0.001) among those with highest versus lowest diet quality. In sensitivity analyses of a high number of pooled studies (≥13 studies) the Mediterranean style diet patterns and adherence to the heart healthy diet guidelines were significantly associated with a risk reduction of 15% and 14% for cardiovascular disease incidence and 17% and 20% for cardiovascular disease mortality respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Higher diet quality is associated with lower incidence and risk of mortality for cardiovascular disease however, significant study heterogeneity was identified for these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Taylor
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Haslam
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaimee Herbert
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan C Whatnall
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura Trijsburg
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne H M de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Afsaneh Koochek
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paulina Nowicka
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nicklas Neuman
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erin D Clarke
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
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Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Barbagallo M. Dietary Patterns and Healthy or Unhealthy Aging. Gerontology 2023; 70:15-36. [PMID: 37883935 PMCID: PMC10794975 DOI: 10.1159/000534679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging process is complex, comprising various contributing factors influencing late-life conditions and eventual occurrence of chronic diseases that generate high financial and human costs. These factors include genetic proneness, lifestyle conducted throughout life, environmental conditions, as well as dietary aspects, among others, all together modulating precise pathways linked to aging, making longevity a multidimensional event. SUMMARY Compelling evidence support the concept that nutritional determinants have major impact on the risk of age-associated non-communicable diseases as well as mortality. Nutrition research has turned in recent years from considering isolated nutrients or foods to focusing on combinations of foods in dietary patterns in relation to their associations with health outcomes. This narrative review focuses attention on dietary patterns that may contribute to healthy or unhealthy aging and longevity with examples of traditional dietary patterns associated with healthy longevity and reviewing the association of healthy plant-based and unhealthy ultra-processed diets with frailty, a condition that may be considered a hallmark of unhealthy aging. KEY MESSAGE There is currently accumulated evidence confirming the key role that dietary patterns mainly of plant origin may exert in modifying the risk of age-associated chronic diseases and healthy longevity. These types of dietary models, unlike those in which the use of ultra-processed food is frequent, are associated with a reduced risk of frailty and, consequently, with healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Di Lena G, Schwarze AK, Lucarini M, Gabrielli P, Aguzzi A, Caproni R, Casini I, Ferrari Nicoli S, Genuttis D, Ondrejíčková P, Hamzaoui M, Malterre C, Kafková V, Rusu A. Application of Rapeseed Meal Protein Isolate as a Supplement to Texture-Modified Food for the Elderly. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061326. [PMID: 36981253 PMCID: PMC10048395 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed meal (RSM), a by-product of rapeseed oil extraction, is currently used for low-value purposes. With a biorefinery approach, rapeseed proteins may be extracted and recovered for high-end uses to fully exploit their nutritional and functional properties. This study reports the application of RSM protein isolate, the main output of a biorefining process aimed at recovering high-value molecules from rapeseed meal, as a supplement to texture-modified (TM) food designed for elderly people with mastication and dysphagia problems. The compositional (macronutrients by Official Methods of Analyses, and mineral and trace element profiles using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ICP-OES), nutritional and sensory evaluations of TM chicken breast, carrots and bread formulated without and with RSM protein supplementation (5% w/w) are hereby reported. The results show that the texture modification of food combined with rapeseed protein isolate supplementation has a positive impact on the nutritional and sensory profile of food, meeting the special requirements of seniors. TM chicken breast and bread supplemented with RSM protein isolate showed unaltered or even improved sensory properties and a higher nutrient density, with particular regard to proteins (+20-40%) and minerals (+10-16%). Supplemented TM carrots, in spite of the high nutrient density, showed a limited acceptability, due to poor sensory properties that could be overcome with an adjustment to the formulation. This study highlights the potentialities of RSM as a sustainable novel protein source in the food sector. The application of RSM protein proposed here is in line with the major current challenges of food systems such as the responsible management of natural resources, the valorization of agri-food by-products, and healthy nutrition with focus on elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Di Lena
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Gabrielli
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Altero Aguzzi
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Caproni
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Casini
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Valentína Kafková
- Centrum Výskumu a Vývoja, s. r.o. (Centre for Research and Development), Trnavská Cesta 1033/7, 920 41 Leopoldov, Slovakia
| | - Alexandru Rusu
- Biozoon GmbH, Nansenstraße 8, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany
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Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Baiamonte E, Guarrera M, Parisi A, Ruffolo C, Tagliaferri F, Barbagallo M. Healthy Aging and Dietary Patterns. Nutrients 2022; 14:889. [PMID: 35215539 PMCID: PMC8879056 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of factors contribute to the complex process of aging, which finally define whether someone will or not develop age-associated chronic diseases in late life. These determinants comprise genetic susceptibility as well as various behavioral, environmental, and dietary factors, all of which have been shown to influence specific pathways regulating the aging process and the extension of life, which makes longevity a multidimensional phenomenon. Although a "miraculous elixir" or a "nutrition pill" are not plausible, researchers agree on the notion that nutritional factors have major impact on the risk of age-associated chronic non-communicable diseases and mortality. In recent years nutrition research in relation to health outcomes has considerably changed from focusing exclusively on single nutrients to considering combinations of foods rather than nutrients in isolation. Although research on specific nutrients is scientifically valid providing crucial evidence on the mechanisms by which nutrition impacts health, the recent switch targeting the multifaceted synergistic interplay among nutrients, other dietary constituents, and whole foods, has promoted emerging interest on the actions of total dietary patterns. This narrative review aims to describe some specific dietary patterns with evidence of associations with reduction in the incidence of chronic diseases allowing older adults to live a long-lasting and healthier life, and confirming the powerful impact nutrition can exert on healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J. Dominguez
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Eleonora Baiamonte
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Martina Guarrera
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Angela Parisi
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Chiara Ruffolo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Federica Tagliaferri
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
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Dominguez LJ, Di Bella G, Veronese N, Barbagallo M. Impact of Mediterranean Diet on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Longevity. Nutrients 2021. [PMID: 34204683 DOI: 10.3390/nu130620208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The average life expectancy of the world population has increased remarkably in the past 150 years and it is still increasing. A long life is a dream of humans since the beginning of time but also a dream is to live it in good physical and mental condition. Nutrition research has focused on recent decades more on food combination patterns than on individual foods/nutrients due to the possible synergistic/antagonistic effects of the components in a dietary model. Various dietary patterns have been associated with health benefits, but the largest body of evidence in the literature is attributable to the traditional dietary habits and lifestyle followed by populations from the Mediterranean region. After the Seven Countries Study, many prospective observational studies and trials in diverse populations reinforced the beneficial effects associated with a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet in reference to the prevention/management of age-associated non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, depression, respiratory diseases, and fragility fractures. In addition, the Mediterranean diet is ecologically sustainable. Therefore, this immaterial world heritage constitutes a healthy way of eating and living respecting the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J Dominguez
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Di Bella
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Dominguez LJ, Di Bella G, Veronese N, Barbagallo M. Impact of Mediterranean Diet on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Longevity. Nutrients 2021; 13:2028. [PMID: 34204683 PMCID: PMC8231595 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The average life expectancy of the world population has increased remarkably in the past 150 years and it is still increasing. A long life is a dream of humans since the beginning of time but also a dream is to live it in good physical and mental condition. Nutrition research has focused on recent decades more on food combination patterns than on individual foods/nutrients due to the possible synergistic/antagonistic effects of the components in a dietary model. Various dietary patterns have been associated with health benefits, but the largest body of evidence in the literature is attributable to the traditional dietary habits and lifestyle followed by populations from the Mediterranean region. After the Seven Countries Study, many prospective observational studies and trials in diverse populations reinforced the beneficial effects associated with a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet in reference to the prevention/management of age-associated non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, depression, respiratory diseases, and fragility fractures. In addition, the Mediterranean diet is ecologically sustainable. Therefore, this immaterial world heritage constitutes a healthy way of eating and living respecting the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.J.D.); (G.D.B.); (N.V.)
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Association of the Dietary-Based Diabetes-Risk Score (DDS) with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) project. Br J Nutr 2020; 122:800-807. [PMID: 31237529 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519001521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
It is crucial to identify people at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to implement preventive interventions in order to address these pandemics. A simple score exclusively based on dietary components, the Dietary-Based Diabetes-Risk Score (DDS) showed a strong inverse association with incident T2DM. The objective was to assess the association between DDS and the risk of GDM in a cohort of Spanish university graduates. The 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' project is a prospective and dynamic cohort which included data of 3455 women who notified pregnancies between 1999 and 2012. The diagnosis of GDM is self-reported and further confirmed by physicians. A validated 136-item semi-quantitative FFQ was used to assess pre-gestational dietary habits. The development of the DDS was aimed to quantify the association between the adherence to this a priori dietary score and T2DM incidence. The score exclusively included dietary components (nine food groups with reported inverse associations with T2DM incidence and three food groups which reported direct associations with T2DM). Three categories of adherence to the DDS were assessed: low (11-24), intermediate (25-39) and high (40-60). The upper category showed an independent inverse association with the risk of incident GDM compared with the lowest category (multivariate-adjusted OR 0·48; 95 % CI 0·24, 0·99; P for linear trend: 0·01). Several sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of these results. These results reinforce the importance of pre-gestational dietary habits for reducing GDM and provide a brief tool to practically assess the relevant dietary habits in clinical practice.
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Bashir A, Pandey K, Azharuddin M, Kumari A, Rashid I, Siddiqui N, Lal CS, Murti K. Association between diet quality scores, adiposity, glycemic status and nutritional biomarkers among Indian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Mohan V, Lakshmi Priya N, Gayathri R, Sudha V, Geetha G, Gayathri N, Shilpa B, Shanthi Rani C, Kamala K, Anjana R, Ranjit U, Pradeep S. Prospective associations between a food-based Indian Diet Quality Score and type 2 diabetes risk among South Indian adults (CURES-154). JOURNAL OF DIABETOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_35_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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13
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Sun J, Bao G, Cui J, Yasmeen N, Aslam B, Xin H, Shanshan L, Fu P, Baloch Z. The association of diabetes risk score and body mass index with incidence of diabetes among urban and rural adult communities in Qingdao, China. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2019; 39:730-738. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-019-00740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Karusheva Y, Kunstein L, Bierwagen A, Nowotny B, Kabisch S, Groener JB, Fleitmann AK, Herder C, Pacini G, Strassburger K, Häring HU, Nawroth PP, Pfeiffer AFH, Burkart V, Müssig K, Roden M, Szendroedi J. An 8-week diet high in cereal fiber and coffee but free of red meat does not improve beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:90. [PMID: 30619502 PMCID: PMC6311026 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0324-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher dietary intake of fibers and coffee, but lower red meat intake is associated with reduced risk for type 2 diabetes in epidemiological studies. We hypothesized that a calorie-restricted diet, which is high in fiber and coffee, but free of red meat, improves beta-cell function in patients with T2D. METHODS In a randomized parallel-group pilot trial, obese type 2 diabetes patients were randomly allocated to consume either a diet high in cereal fiber and coffee, but free of red meat (n = 17) (L-RISK) or a diet low in fiber, free of coffee but high in red meat (n = 20) (H-RISK) for 8 weeks. Insulin secretion was assessed from glucagon stimulation tests (GST) and mixed-meal tolerance tests (MMTT) before and after dietary intervention. RESULTS Both diets resulted in comparable reduction of fasting concentrations of insulin (H-RISK -28% vs. L-RISK -32%, both p < 0.01), C-peptide (H-RISK -26% vs. L-RISK -30%, both p < 0.01) and blood glucose (H-RISK -6.8%, p < 0.05 vs. L-RISK -10%, p < 0.01). Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) secretion increased by 24% after 8 weeks in the L-RISK only (p < 0.01). However, GST and MMTT showed no differences in insulin secretion after intervention. CONCLUSIONS Calorie restriction independent of the intake of fiber, coffee or meat failed to improve beta-cell function, but improved GIP secretion in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registration at Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier number: NCT01409330, Registered 4 August 2011 - Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanislava Karusheva
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lejla Kunstein
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alessandra Bierwagen
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bettina Nowotny
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kabisch
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department Clinical Nutrition, German Institute for Nutritional Research (DifE) Potsdam, Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-1, 14558 Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan B. Groener
- Department for Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ann Kristin Fleitmann
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Pacini
- Metabolic Unit, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Research Council, Corso Stati Uniti, 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Klaus Strassburger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Vascular Medicine, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry and Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter P. Nawroth
- Department for Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department Clinical Nutrition, German Institute for Nutritional Research (DifE) Potsdam, Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-1, 14558 Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Burkart
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Müssig
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Stein N, Brooks K. A Fully Automated Conversational Artificial Intelligence for Weight Loss: Longitudinal Observational Study Among Overweight and Obese Adults. JMIR Diabetes 2017; 2:e28. [PMID: 30291087 PMCID: PMC6238835 DOI: 10.2196/diabetes.8590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes is the most expensive chronic disease in the United States. Two-thirds of US adults have prediabetes or are overweight and at risk for type 2 diabetes. Intensive in-person behavioral counseling can help patients lose weight and make healthy behavior changes to improve their health outcomes. However, with the shortage of health care providers and associated costs, such programs do not adequately service all patients who could benefit. The health care system needs effective and cost-effective interventions that can lead to positive health outcomes as scale. This study investigated the ability of conversational artificial intelligence (AI), in the form of a standalone, fully automated text-based mobile coaching service, to promote weight loss and other health behaviors related to diabetes prevention. This study also measured user acceptability of AI coaches as alternatives to live health care professionals. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate weight loss, changes in meal quality, and app acceptability among users of the Lark Weight Loss Health Coach AI (HCAI), with the overarching goal of increasing access to compassionate health care via mobile health. Lessons learned in this study can be applied when planning future clinical trials to evaluate HCAI and when designing AI to promote weight loss, healthy behavior change, and prevention and self-management of chronic diseases. Methods This was a longitudinal observational study among overweight and obese (body mass index ≥25) participants who used HCAI, which encourages weight loss and healthy diet choices through elements of cognitive behavioral therapy. Weight loss, meal quality, physical activity, and sleep data were collected through user input and, for sleep and physical activity, partly through automatic detection by the user’s mobile phone. User engagement was assessed by duration and amount of app use. A 4-question in-app user trust survey assessed app usability and acceptability. Results Data were analyzed for participants (N=70) who met engagement standards set forth by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for Diabetes Prevention Program, a clinically proven weight loss program focused on preventing diabetes. Weight loss (standard error of the mean) was 2.38% (0.69%) of baseline weight. The average duration of app use was 15 (SD 1.0) weeks, and users averaged 103 sessions each. Predictors of weight loss included duration of AI use, number of counseling sessions, and number of meals logged. Percentage of healthy meals increased by 31%. The in-app user trust survey had a 100% response rate and positive results, with a satisfaction score of 87 out of 100 and net promoter score of 47. Conclusions This study showed that use of an AI health coach is associated with weight loss comparable to in-person lifestyle interventions. It can also encourage behavior changes and have high user acceptability. Research into AI and its application in telemedicine should be pursued, with clinical trials investigating effects on weight, health behaviors, and user engagement and acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Stein
- Division of Public Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Flint Campus, MI, United States
| | - Kevin Brooks
- Division of Public Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Jannasch F, Kröger J, Schulze MB. Dietary Patterns and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. J Nutr 2017; 147:1174-1182. [PMID: 28424256 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.242552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Different methodologic approaches for constructing dietary patterns and differences in their composition limit conclusions on healthful patterns for diabetes prevention.Objective: We summarized evidence from prospective studies that examined associations of dietary patterns with type 2 diabetes by considering different methodologic approaches.Methods: The literature search (MEDLINE and Web of Science) identified prospective studies (cohorts or trials) that associated dietary patterns with diabetes incidence in nondiabetic and apparently healthy participants. We summarized evidence by meta-analyses and distinguished different methodologic approaches.Results: The search resulted in 48 articles comprising 16 cohorts. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (RR for comparing extreme quantiles: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.93), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.92), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) (RR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.90) was associated with significant risk reductions of incident diabetes. Patterns from exploratory factor and principal component analyses characterized by red and processed meat, refined grains, high-fat dairy, eggs, and fried products ("mainly unhealthy") were positively associated with diabetes (RR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.27, 1.62), whereas patterns characterized by vegetables, legumes, fruits, poultry, and fish ("mainly healthy") were inversely associated with diabetes (RR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.91). Reduced rank regression (RRR) used diabetes-related biomarkers to identify patterns. These patterns were characterized by high intakes of refined grains, sugar-sweetened soft drinks, and processed meat and were all significantly associated with diabetes risk.Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggests that diets according to the Mediterranean diet, DASH, and AHEI have a strong potential for preventing diabetes, although they differ in some particular components. Exploratory dietary patterns were grouped based on concordant food groups and were significantly associated with diabetes risk despite single-component foods having limited evidence for an association. Still, they remain population-specific observations. Consistent positive associations with diabetes risk were observed for 3 RRR patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Jannasch
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; and .,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Janine Kröger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; and.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; and.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
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Wagner KA, Braun E, Armah SM, Horan D, Smith LG, Pike J, Tu W, Hamilton MT, Delp EJ, Campbell WW, Boushey CJ, Hannon TS, Gletsu-Miller N. Dietary Intervention for Glucose Tolerance In Teens (DIG IT): Protocol of a randomized controlled trial using health coaching to prevent youth-onset type 2 diabetes. Contemp Clin Trials 2017; 53:171-177. [PMID: 28011388 PMCID: PMC5322725 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disease that is newly emerging and behavioral strategies for its prevention are limited. Interventions that target the lifestyle behaviors of adolescents, to improve poor dietary quality and reduce excessive sedentariness, promise to reduce the risk of developing T2D. Health coaching is effective for promoting healthy behaviors in patients who have chronic disease, but few experimental studies are in adolescents. This randomized controlled trial, in adolescents with prediabetes, will determine the effectiveness of a health coaching intervention to facilitate adoption of healthy diet and activity behaviors that delay or prevent development of T2D. METHODS/DESIGN The Dietary Intervention for Glucose Tolerance In Teens (DIG IT) trial will involve an evaluation of a health coaching intervention in adolescents with prediabetes. Eligible participants will be randomized to receive 6months of health coaching or a single dietary consultation that is standard-of-care. The primary outcome will be 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test concentration. Secondary outcomes will include measures of glycemia and insulin action as well as dietary, physical activity and sedentary behaviors measured using an electronic food record, and by inclinometer. Data will be collected before and after the intervention (at 6months) and at 12months (to assess sustainability). DISCUSSION This trial will determine whether a health coaching intervention, a personalized and low-cost approach to modify dietary and activity behaviors, is effective and sustainable for prevention of youth-onset T2D, relative to standard-of-care. Health coaching has the potential to be widely implemented in clinical or community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Wagner
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Ethan Braun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Seth M Armah
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Diarmuid Horan
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Lisa G Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Julie Pike
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Wanzhu Tu
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Marc T Hamilton
- Texas Obesity Research Center, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Edward J Delp
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Wayne W Campbell
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Carol J Boushey
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States
| | - Tamara S Hannon
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Nana Gletsu-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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Harland J, Garton L. An update of the evidence relating to plant-based diets and cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and overweight. NUTR BULL 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Ahmed J, Rehman SU, Mughal F. Assessment of dietary behavior of high school students of an urban setting in Pakistan. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2016; 10:548-555. [PMID: 27833520 PMCID: PMC5085350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exposure to energy dense foods increases the risk of obesity and non communicable disease in adult life. We conducted this study to assess the dietary behavior among class six to ten school students of government and private schools in Pakistan. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study was conducted in a sub district of Hyderabad, Pakistan using a questionnaire to measure food frequency by interviewing them through a recall method. A total of 504 male and female students of 6-10 grades were selected by simple random sampling method. RESULTS We found that 83% children did not bring lunch from home to school and 44% ate at a fast food outlet during the school time. We also found that 31% schools allowed some food chain restaurant to sell fast food to students during recess hours and schools took their students to such restaurants for fun and eating trips for on an average of 1.8±0.8 times a week. More than half of the students ate breakfast and lunch at home less than three times a week. We also found that children ate vegetables and fruit least frequently whereas starch and meat containing foods more frequently and in greater amounts. CONCLUSIONS School children in our sample were exposed to high density fast foods and ate vegetable and fruits less frequently and could access fast foods much easily during school hours. Most did not bring lunch to school. Many schools facilitated the students to be exposed to fast foods by letting fast food companies to operate inside schools or by arranging student trips to the fast food outlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Ahmed
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain P.O. Box 26671, Kingdom of Bahrain , ,
| | | | - Faisal Mughal
- Department of Anatomy, Qassim College of Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,
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Hadipernata M, Ogawa M, Hayakawa S. Effect of d-allulose on rheological properties of chicken breast sausage. Poult Sci 2016; 95:2120-8. [PMID: 27118866 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
d-Allulose (Alu), a rare sugar, was applied to chicken breast sausage as a sucrose (Suc) substitute. The ratio (w/w) of Alu to Suc in sugar that was added to the sausage batter was 0/1 (A0S1), 3/7 (A3S7), 7/3 (A7S3), and 1/0 (A1S0). The total amount of Suc used was 2.5% of the weight of minced chicken breast meat. Substituting Suc with Alu did not affect water content, cooking loss, breaking stress, breaking strain, and modulus of elasticity of chicken breast sausage, but a 100% substitution with Alu caused a 10% decrease in viscosity and a 31% decrease in expressible water. A significant difference appeared in the rheological properties of elasticity, viscosity, and water-holding capacity of chicken breast sausage frozen-stored (-20°C) for 90 d. Particularly, the modulus of elasticity for A1S0 chicken breast sausage was 19% higher than that of the control A0S1 chicken breast sausage, suggesting that Alu appreciably reduced the deterioration in elasticity that is caused by long-term frozen storage of sausage. The quality improvement of frozen-stored chicken breast sausage demonstrates the feasibility and benefits of the application of Alu to frozen foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hadipernata
- Department of Applied Bioresource Science, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University (Affiliated University: Kagawa University), 2393 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Indonesia Ministry of Agriculture, Jl. Tentara Pelajar 12, Bogor 16111, Indonesia
| | - M Ogawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - S Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
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Njike VY, Yarandi N, Petraro P, Ayettey RG, Treu JA, Katz DL. Inclusion of walnut in the diets of adults at risk for type 2 diabetes and their dietary pattern changes: a randomized, controlled, cross-over trial. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2016; 4:e000293. [PMID: 27843557 PMCID: PMC5073539 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2016-000293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In our recently published study, including walnuts in the diets of adults with prediabetes led to overall improvement in diet quality. This report adds to those study findings by examining the food groups displaced during walnut inclusion in the diets of those adults with prediabetes. METHODS Randomized, controlled, modified Latin square parallel design with 2 treatment arms. The 112 participants (31 men, 81 women) were randomly assigned to a diet with or without dietary counseling to regulate calorie intake in a 1:1 ratio. Within each treatment arm, participants were further randomized to 1 of 2 sequence permutations to receive a walnut-included diet with 56 g (366 kcal) of walnuts per day and a walnut-excluded diet. Participants in the calorie-regulated arm received advice from a dietitian to preserve an isocaloric condition while including walnuts. We analyzed the 12 components of the 2010 Healthy Eating Index to examine dietary pattern changes of study participants. RESULTS Seafood and plant protein foods intake significantly increased with walnut inclusion, compared with their exclusion (2.14±2.06 vs -0.49±2.33; p=0.003). The ingestion of healthful fatty acids also significantly increased with walnut inclusion, compared with their exclusion (1.43±4.53 vs -1.76±4.80; p=0.02). Dairy ingestion increased with walnut inclusion in the calorie-regulated phase, compared with walnut inclusion without calorie regulation (1.06±4.42 vs -2.15±3.64; p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that walnut inclusion in the diets of adults at risk for diabetes led to an increase in intake of other healthful foods. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02330848.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentine Yanchou Njike
- Yale University Prevention Research Center, Derby, Connecticut, USA
- Griffin Hospital—Derby, Derby, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | | - Rockiy G Ayettey
- Yale University Prevention Research Center, Derby, Connecticut, USA
- Griffin Hospital—Derby, Derby, Connecticut, USA
| | - Judith A Treu
- Yale University Prevention Research Center, Derby, Connecticut, USA
- Griffin Hospital—Derby, Derby, Connecticut, USA
| | - David L Katz
- Yale University Prevention Research Center, Derby, Connecticut, USA
- Griffin Hospital—Derby, Derby, Connecticut, USA
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