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A comprehensive study of the hormetic influence of biosynthesized AgNPs on regenerating rice calli of indica cv. IR64. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8821. [PMID: 31217482 PMCID: PMC6584664 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45214-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is one of the most widely cultivated crops worldwide; however, it is not amenable to genetic manipulations, owing to its poor response to tissue culture and regeneration in vitro. To improve its response to tissue culture, we evaluated the influence of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on callus induction, regeneration and rhizogenesis in Indica rice cv. IR64. Silver nanoparticles were biosynthesized by using silver nitrate and Parthenium hysterophorus plant extract, and were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (PHAgNPs), when supplemented in tissue culture medium, promoted callus induction frequency, callus regeneration and rhizogenesis at concentrations of 10 mg l -1, 5 mg l-1 and 10 mg l-1, respectively. Further examination of the endogenous hormonal levels in regenerating calli revealed that AgNPs enhanced regeneration by alleviating abscisic acid and ethylene levels in the plant tissue. The stimulatory influence eliciting the regeneration response was found to be optimal with the supplementation of 5 mg l-1 PHAgNPs in the regeneration medium; the malondialdehyde, proline and hydrogen peroxide levels were also lower than those in the control, thus suggesting improved antioxidant status. Our results indicated that biosynthesized PHAgNPs may have the potential to positively influence tissue culture of recalcitrant varieties.
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Yan Y, Peng H, Long Y, Zhang Y, Jiang Z, Liu P, Zou C, Peng H, Pan G, Shen Y. Transcriptome sequencing analysis of maize embryonic callus during early redifferentiation. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:159. [PMID: 30813896 PMCID: PMC6391841 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maize is one of the primary crops of genetic manipulation, which provides an excellent means of promoting stress resistance and increasing yield. However, the differences in induction and regeneration capacity of embryonic callus (EC) among various genotypes result in genotypic dependence in genetic transformation. RESULTS In this study, embryonic calli of two maize inbred lines with strong redifferentiation capacity and two lines with weak redifferentiation capability were separately subjected to transcriptome sequencing analysis during the early redifferentiation stages (stage I, 1-3 d; stage II, 4-6 d; stage III, 7-9 d) along with their corresponding controls. A total of ~ 654.72 million cDNA clean reads were yielded, and 62.64%~ 69.21% clean reads were mapped to the reference genome for each library. In comparison with the control, the numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the four inbred lines identified in the three stages ranged from 1694 to 7193. By analyzing the common and specific DEGs of the four materials, we found that there were 321 upregulated genes and 386 downregulated genes identified in the high-regeneration lines (141 and DH40), whereas 611 upregulated genes and 500 downregulated genes were specifically expressed in the low-regeneration lines (ZYDH381-1 and DH3732). Analysis of the DEG expression patterns indicated a sharp change at stage I in both the high- and low-regeneration lines, which suggested that stage I constitutes a crucial period for EC regeneration. Notably, the specific common DEGs of 141 and DH40 were mainly associated with photosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, ribosomes, and plant hormone signal transduction. In contrast, the DEGs in ZYDH381-1 and DH3732 were mainly related to taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, fatty acid elongation, starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and plant circadian rhythm. More importantly, WOX genes, which have an ancestral role in embryo development in seed plants and promote the regeneration of transformed calli, were specifically upregulated in the two high-regeneration lines. CONCLUSIONS Our research contributes to the elucidation of molecular regulation during early redifferentiation in the maize embryonic callus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Yuanyuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Hua Peng
- Sichuan Tourism College, Chengdu, 610100 China
| | - Yun Long
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Yinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Chaoying Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Huanwei Peng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Guangtang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Yaou Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
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