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Lipovy B, Hladik M, Vyklicka K, Kocmanova I, Lengerova M, Kren L, Srnik M, Bohm J, Andrla P, Borilova Linhartova P. Rare multi-fungal sepsis: a case of triple-impact immunoparalysis. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024:10.1007/s12223-024-01165-0. [PMID: 38647991 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Patients with burn injury and inhalation injury are highly susceptible to infectious complications, including opportunistic pathogens, due to the loss of skin cover and mucosal damage of respiratory tract as well as the disruption of homeostasis. This case report, a 34-year-old man suffered critical burns, provides the first literature description of triple-impact immunoparalysis (critical burns, inhalation injury, and SARS-CoV-2 infection), leading to a lethal multifocal infection caused by several fungi including very rare environmental representatives Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Wickerhamomyces anomalus. The co-infection by these common environmental yeasts in a human is unique and has not yet been described in the literature. Importantly, our patient developed refractory septic shock and died despite targeted antifungal therapy including the most potent current antifungal agent-isavuconazole. It can be assumed that besides immunoparalysis, effectiveness of therapy by isavuconazole was impaired by the large distribution volume in this case. As this is a common situation in intensive care patients, routine monitoring of plasmatic concentration of isavuconazole can be helpful in personalization of the treatment and dose optimization. Whatmore, many fungal species often remain underdiagnosed during infectious complications, which could be prevented by implementation of new methods, such as next-generation sequencing, into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bretislav Lipovy
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Institution Shared With University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, Brno, Czech Republic
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hladik
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Institution Shared With University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Vyklicka
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Kocmanova
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Lengerova
- Department of Internal Medicine - Haematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Institution Shared With University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Leos Kren
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Institution Shared With University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Srnik
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Institutions Shared With St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 664/53, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bohm
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Andrla
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
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La Maestra S, D'Agostini F, Geretto M, Micale RT. Microbial-based cleaning products as a potential risk to human health: A review. Toxicol Lett 2021; 353:60-70. [PMID: 34626814 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Microbial-based cleaning products (MBCPs) have been introduced, on the market, as an alternative to traditional chemical cleaning. In addition to traditional detergents, MBCPs can perform their cleaning function, digesting the smallest particles of dirt and mitigating odours generated by environmental bacterium metabolic processes. Nevertheless, several aspects remain to be clarified and assessed, requiring further studies and new regulations to ensure safety. The particular composition of MBCPs makes it difficult to include these products in a specific class, making the European legal context incomplete and unclear. Moreover, MBCPs effects on human health are poorly documented. Exposure risks can be obtained indirectly by studies conducted in both microorganisms exposure and their metabolic products, such as enzymes, especially in workers. A further limiting factor for the accurate human health risk assessment due to MBCPs use is an incomplete indication about the MBCPs compositions. Moreover, additional factors such as host microorganisms, frequency and space of use, subject health condition, and age can determine different illness scenarios. The findings from the broad range of studies we have reviewed in this paper confirm the necessity of integrative investigation and regulation to address the use of MBCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Geretto
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Italy
| | - Rosanna T Micale
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Li J, Chen D, Yu B, He J, Huang Z, Mao X, Zheng P, Yu J, Luo J, Tian G, Luo Y. The fungal community and its interaction with the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the faeces of Chenghua, Yorkshire and Tibetan pigs. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 13:509-521. [PMID: 31691493 PMCID: PMC7017814 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their important roles in host nutrition and metabolism, and potential to cause disease, our knowledge of the fungal community in the mammalian gut is quite limited. To date, diversity and composition of fungi in swine gut still remains unknown. Therefore, the first internal transcribed spacer of fungi in faecal samples from three breeds of pigs (10 pigs for each breed) was sequenced based on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform, and the relationship between the fungal community and the concentrations of main short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was also analysed. Results indicated that Chenghua (local, higher body fat rate), Yorkshire (foreign, higher lean meat and growth rate) and Tibetan (plateau, stronger disease resistance) pigs harboured distinct fungal community. The Basidiomycota and Ascomycota presented as the two predominant phyla, with Loreleia, Russula and Candida as the top three genera in all samples. Network analysis revealed a total of 35 correlations among different fungal genera, with 27 (77.14%) positive and 8 (22.86%) negative pairwise interactions. Canonical correspondence analysis suggested that fungi in the faeces of pigs were more correlated to the concentration of acetate and butyrate rather than propionate. Spearman’s correlation further showed that Tomentella was positively correlated to both acetate and butyrate, and Loreleia was positively correlated to propionate (P < 0.05), while Nephroma and Taiwanofungus were negatively correlated to acetate and propionate (P < 0.05). These findings expanded our knowledge on the intestinal fungi in pigs with different genotypes and phenotypes, indicating that fungi may play an indispensable role during the metabolism of host and the maintenance of intestinal health. The cross‐feeding between fungi and other microorganisms may be crucial during the digestion of dietary carbohydrates and the associated physiological processes, which is worthy to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Sichuan Province, China.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Chai CY, Huang LN, Cheng H, Liu WJ, Hui FL. Metschnikowia baotianmanensis f.a., sp. nov., a new yeast species isolated from the gut of the rhinoceros beetle Allomyrina dichotoma. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3087-3092. [PMID: 31329532 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Four strains, NYNU 15610, NYNU 15612, NYNU 15613 and NYNU 15615, of a novel ascomycetous yeast were isolated from the gut of Allomyrina dichotoma (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae) collected from two different localities in Henan Province, Central PR China. The four strains shared identical sequences in both of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer regions. Sequence analyses revealed that this novel species represents a member of the genus Metschnikowia. It differed from its closest known species Metschnikowia zobellii, Metschnikowiaaustralis and Metschnikowia bicuspidata, by 8.4-9.2 % sequence divergence (33-40 nt substitutions and 7-12 gaps over 509 bases) in the D1/D2 sequences. The formation of ascospores was not observed on various sporulation media. In contrast to M. zobellii, M. australis and M. bicuspidata, the novel yeast species was unable to assimilate succinate, ethanol, ethylamine, cadaverine and 10 % NaCl plus 5 % glucose, but was able to grow in vitamin-free medium. The name Metschnikowia baotianmanensis f.a., sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these strains, with NYNU 15613 as the holotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yue Chai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Lin-Na Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Han Cheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Feng-Li Hui
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
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Kang YM, Choi JE, Komakech R, Park JH, Kim DW, Cho KM, Kang SM, Choi SH, Song KC, Ryu CM, Lee KC, Lee JS. Characterization of a novel yeast species Metschnikowia persimmonesis KCTC 12991BP (KIOM G15050 type strain) isolated from a medicinal plant, Korean persimmon calyx (Diospyros kaki Thumb). AMB Express 2017; 7:199. [PMID: 29127501 PMCID: PMC5681456 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The yeast strain Metschnikowia persimmonesis Kang and Choi et al., sp. nov. [type strain KIOM_G15050 = Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC) 12991BP] was isolated from the stalk of native persimmon cultivars (Diospyros kaki Thumb) obtained from different regions of South Korea and was characterized phenotypically, genetically, and physiologically. The isolate grew between 4 and 40 °C (optimum temperature: 24–28 °C), pH 3–8 (pH optimum = 6.0), and in 0–4% NaCl solution (with optimal growth in absence of NaCl). It also exhibited strong antibiotic and antimicrobial activities. Morphologically, cells were characterized by the presence of long, needle-shaped ascospores. Based on 18S ribosomal DNA gene sequence analysis, the new species was found to belong to the genus Metschnikowia as a sister clade of Metschnikowia fructicola. We therefore conclude that this yeast isolate from D. kaki is a new member of the genus Metschnikowia and propose the name M. persimmonesis sp. nov. This strain has been deposited in the KCTC for future reference. This discovery provides a basis for future research on M. persimmonesis sp. nov., including its possible contribution to the medicinal properties of the host persimmon plant.
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