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Bilika P, Aivatzidis I, Kaloudis K, Gkotzamanis R, Ruscheweyh R, Kapreli E. Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire: Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Greek version. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 29:e2113. [PMID: 39076064 DOI: 10.1002/pri.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) was developed to assess general pain sensitivity. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to validate the Greek version of PSQ. METHODS The questionnaire was translated into Greek (PSQ-GR) and piloted in a small sample of patients with chronic pain (n = 35). A total of 146 chronic pain patients and healthy volunteers completed the PSQ-GR, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI). To evaluate the test-retest reliability, 36 volunteers completed the PSQ-GR twice over 7 ± 2 days. RESULTS Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's alpha 0.90-0.96) for PSQ-total, PSQ-minor, and PSQ-moderate. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was estimated at 0.90-0.96 for PSQ-total, PSQ-minor and PSQ-moderate and the SEM was 0.59-0.90 for PSQ-total, PSQ-minor and PSQ-moderate approximately. The smallest detectable change was 0.48 for PSQ-total, 0.47 for PSQ-minor and 0.44 for PSQ-moderate. Positive and significant correlations were observed between PSQ-GR and HADS (r = 0.38, p < 0.01), PCS (r = 0.41, p < 0.01) and CSI (r = 0.30, p < 0.01). Statistically significant differences in PSQ-GR scores were identified between the healthy volunteers and the chronic pain patients. CONCLUSION The PSQ-GR is a reliable and valid tool that can assess pain sensitivity in healthy individuals and chronic musculoskeletal pain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Bilika
- Clinical Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Ioannis Aivatzidis
- Clinical Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kaloudis
- Clinical Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Rafail Gkotzamanis
- Clinical Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Ruth Ruscheweyh
- Department of Neurology Ludwig Maximilians, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eleni Kapreli
- Clinical Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
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Logistic Model and Gradient Boosting Machine Model for Physical Therapy of Lumbar Disc Herniation. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4799248. [PMID: 35602348 PMCID: PMC9117053 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4799248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Physical therapy is a common clinical treatment for patients with lumbar disc herniation. The study is aimed at exploring the feasibility of mathematical expression and curative effect prediction of physical therapy in patients with lumbar disc herniation using a logistic model and gradient boosting machine (GBM). Methods. A total of 142 patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated with physical therapy. The pain was evaluated by the visual analogue scale (VAS) before each treatment. The logistic model was used to conduct a global regression analysis on patients with lumbar disc herniation. The final results of the whole course of treatment were predicted by the measured values of 2-9 times of treatment. The GBM model was used to predict and analyze the curative effect of physical therapy. Results. The mathematical expression ability of the logistic regression model for patients with lumbar disc herniation undergoing physical therapy was sufficient, and the global determination coefficient was 0.721. The results would be better for more than five measurements. The AUC of GBM mode logistic regression analysis was 0.936 and 0.883, and the prediction effect is statistically significant. Conclusion. Both the logistic and GBM model can fully express the changes in patients with lumbar disc herniation during physical therapy.
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Kim MS, Koh IJ, Sung YG, Park DC, Yoon EJ, In Y. Influence of increased pain sensitivity on patient-reported outcomes following total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2022; 30:782-790. [PMID: 33486560 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-021-06455-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to discover whether increased pain sensitivity was associated with postoperative pain and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS Pain sensitivity was evaluated preoperatively using a pain sensitivity questionnaire (PSQ). Resting, walking, nighttime, and average pain visual analog scale (VAS) were measured before surgery and 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery. PROMs were also evaluated based on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score and patient satisfaction. The association between pain VAS average score, WOMAC total score, and PSQ score (minor, moderate, and total score) was assessed at each stage. RESULTS There were 59 patients with a high PSQ score (≥ 5.2) and 53 with a low PSQ score (< 5.2). Up to 1 year postoperatively, the group with high PSQ scores had higher resting, walking, nighttime, and average pain VAS scores than the group with low scores (all p < 0.05). Worse preoperative WOMAC pain, function, and total scores continued until 1 year after surgery in the high-scoring PSQ group (all p < 0.05). The group with low PSQ scores was more satisfied with surgery than the group with high scores (p = 0.027). There was a positive correlation between preoperative PSQ score and pain VAS average score at all time points (all p < 0.05). A relationship between PSQ score and WOMAC total score was also observed (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Increased pain sensitivity is a factor related to higher postoperative pain levels and inferior PROMs in patients undergoing primary TKA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Case-controlled study, III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Soo Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jun Koh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 1021, Tongil Ro, Eunpyeong-gu, Seoul, 03312, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Gyu Sung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Chul Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Yoon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong In
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Inal FY, Gul K, Yilmaz Camgoz Y, Daskaya H, Kocoglu H. Validation of the Turkish version of the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire in patients with chronic pain. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211060158. [PMID: 34855531 PMCID: PMC8646826 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211060158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) is a clinically beneficial instrument that has been proven to be correlated with various experimental pain sensitivity assessments in healthy people and in patients with chronic pain. In this study, we aimed to translate the PSQ into Turkish (PSQ-T) and validate it for the measurement of pain sensitivity among Turkish people. Methods Seventy-three patients with chronic back pain who were planning to undergo an interventional procedure completed the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and PSQ prior to their procedure. Subcutaneous infiltration of lidocaine was used as a standardized experimental pain stimulus. Pain was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS 1: infiltration in the hand, and VAS 2: infiltration in the procedure area) Results Scores on the PSQ-T were significantly correlated with those on the BPI-SF. A significant positive relationship was observed between VAS 1 and VAS 2 values and the PSQ-T score, BPI pain score, and BPI interference score. Conclusions The PSQ-T can be used as a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of pain sensitivity in the Turkish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferda Yilmaz Inal
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul 34000, Turkey
| | - Kursat Gul
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul 34000, Turkey
| | - Yadigar Yilmaz Camgoz
- Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Sultan Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34000, Turkey
| | - Hayrettin Daskaya
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul 34000, Turkey
| | - Hasan Kocoglu
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul 34000, Turkey
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Chen Y, Ye X, Wu H, Huang X, Ke C, Chen Y, Wu H, Wu X. Association of Postpartum Pain Sensitivity and Postpartum Depression: A Prospective Observational Study. Pain Ther 2021; 10:1619-1633. [PMID: 34580805 PMCID: PMC8586323 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-021-00325-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postpartum depression (PPD) is a severe psychiatric disorder that negatively affects postnatal mothers worldwide. The aim of the study is to investigate the association between postpartum pain sensitivity and PPD as well as to identify the other potential risk factors for PPD and their interconnections. METHODS The current study was a prospective observational clinical study that enrolled 210 singleton pregnant women in a tertiary referral hospital from January to December 2020. Postpartum pain sensitivity was assessed by the Mandarin Chinese version of the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ), and PSQ-C-total and PSQ-C-minor scores were collected. PPD was screened by self-reporting Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and EPDS total score was recorded. The association between postpartum pain sensitivity and PPD, as well as the risk factors and their interconnections, was analyzed by using a combination of stratified, bivariate, correlation, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, multivariate logistic regression, and path analysis. RESULTS Overall, 87 of 210 mothers (41.4%) screened positive for PPD. A positive correlation between PSQ-C-total (r = 0.67) or PSQ-C-minor (r = 0.62) and EPDS scores was identified. PSQ-C-total [area under curve (AUC) 0.89, 95% CI 0.84-0.93; P < 0.0001] showed significantly higher diagnostic accuracy compared with PSQ-C-minor (AUC 0.85, 95% CI 0.80-0.90; P < 0.0001) in predicting EPDS scores ≥ 10 points. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that a high PSQ-C-total score [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.12, 95% CI 1.08-1.51; P < 0.001] and gestational diabetes (adjusted OR 2.68, 95% CI 0.96-7.47; P = 0.045) were independent risk factors, while breastfeeding (adjusted OR: 0.34, 95% CI 0.15-0.78; P = 0.007) and normal birth weight (adjusted OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.05-0.61; P = 0.0047) were independently associated with decreasing adjusted ORs for EPDS scores ≥ 10 points. The path analysis model indicated that PSQ-C-total scores and gestational diabetes showed bidirectional effects, while birth weight and breastfeeding only had a direct impact on EPDS scores ≥ 10 points. CONCLUSION Increased postpartum pain sensitivity was closely associated with EPDS scores ≥ 10 points, and PSQ-C scores could be a reliable predictor. Moreover, gestational diabetes, low occurrence of breastfeeding, and low birth weight were the risk factors for EPDS scores ≥ 10 points. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR.org.cn identifier, ChiCTR-2000033091.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Anesthesiology, Jinshan Branch of Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 516, South of Jinrong Rd, Fuzhou, 350028 China ,grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Xin Ye
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China ,grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Han Wu
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Anesthesiology, Jinshan Branch of Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 516, South of Jinrong Rd, Fuzhou, 350028 China
| | - Xinlei Huang
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China ,grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Congrong Ke
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jinshan Branch of Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350028 China
| | - Yanqing Chen
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Anesthesiology, Jinshan Branch of Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 516, South of Jinrong Rd, Fuzhou, 350028 China ,grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Huanghui Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, No. 2000, East of Xiang'an Rd, Xiamen, 361102, China. .,Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team of the PLA, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinshan Branch of Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 516, South of Jinrong Rd, Fuzhou, 350028, China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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Yaari L, Dolev A, Kittani M, Yassin M, Gbaren M, Feicht E, Haviv B. Preoperative pain sensitivity questionnaire helps customize pain management after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2021; 29:4198-4204. [PMID: 33704517 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-021-06438-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate correlations between preoperative pain sensitivity and postoperative analgesic consumption together with pain perception shortly after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy in non-arthritic knees. METHODS Ninety-nine patients who underwent primary arthroscopic meniscectomy were prospectively divided into three postoperative treatment groups that were prescribed with betamethasone injection (at the end of surgery), oral celecoxib or rescue analgesia (control). Preoperative pain sensitivity was evaluated by pain sensitivity questionnaires (PSQ). Patients were followed for the first three postoperative weeks to evaluate knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) pain scores and analgesics consumption. Statistical analysis included correlations among preoperative pain sensitivity, postoperative pain levels and analgesics consumption. A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to investigate the cutoff values of the PSQ score to predict insufficient postoperative pain reduction. RESULTS There were no differences at baseline among all study groups in age, sex, BMI, level of activity, comorbidities and surgical findings. At the final follow-up, KOOS pain scores improved in all groups (p < 0.001). Mean final KOOS pain scores were 76.1 ± 15.2 for the betamethasone group, 70.8 ± 12.6 for the celecoxib group and 78.7 ± 11.6 for the control group. No differences in scores were observed among groups (n.s.). In the control group, a negative correlation was observed between PSQ score and KOOS-pain scores at the end of the follow-up in addition to a positive correlation between PSQ score and rescue analgesia consumption at the first postoperative week. The optimal cutoff value for PSQ score to predict insufficient improvement in KOOS-pain subscale was 5.0 points. CONCLUSIONS A cutoff value of pain sensitivity questionnaire score above 5.0 points was determined to identify patients with higher sensitivity to pain who underwent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. These patients reported relatively increased pain and consumed more rescue analgesics postoperatively unless treated with a single intraoperative corticosteroids injection or oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatories. Therefore, surgeons can use pain sensitivity questionnaire score as a preoperative tool to identify patients with high sensitivity to pain and customize their postoperative analgesics protocol to better fit their pain levels. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Yaari
- Arthroscopy and Sports Injuries Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, 7 Keren Kayemet St, 49372, Petach-Tikva, Israel
- Orthopedic Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
- Orthopedic Department, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Amir Dolev
- Orthopedic Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
- Orthopedic Department, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Mohamed Kittani
- Arthroscopy and Sports Injuries Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, 7 Keren Kayemet St, 49372, Petach-Tikva, Israel
- Orthopedic Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
- Orthopedic Department, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Mustafa Yassin
- Arthroscopy and Sports Injuries Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, 7 Keren Kayemet St, 49372, Petach-Tikva, Israel
- Orthopedic Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
- Orthopedic Department, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Mahmod Gbaren
- Orthopedic Department, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Elia Feicht
- Orthopedic Department, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Barak Haviv
- Arthroscopy and Sports Injuries Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, 7 Keren Kayemet St, 49372, Petach-Tikva, Israel.
- Orthopedic Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.
- Orthopedic Department, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petach-Tikva, Israel.
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Masterclass: A pragmatic approach to pain sensitivity in people with musculoskeletal disorders and implications for clinical management for musculoskeletal clinicians. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2021; 51:102221. [PMID: 32972875 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research on musculoskeletal disorders indicates that pain sensitivity can be an important consideration for musculoskeletal clinicians in the holistic view of a patient presentation. However, diversity in research findings in this field can make this a difficult concept for clinicians to navigate. Limited integration of the concept of pain sensitivity into clinical practice for musculoskeletal clinicians has been noted. PURPOSE The purpose of this masterclass is to provide a framework for the consideration of pain sensitivity as a contributing factor in the presentation of people with musculoskeletal pain. It provides pragmatic synthesis of the literature related to pain sensitivity through a lens of how this information can inform clinical practice for musculoskeletal clinicians. Guidance is provided in a 'how to' format for integration of this knowledge into the clinical encounter to facilitate personalised care. IMPLICATIONS The relationship of pain sensitivity with pain and disability is not clear or linear. The real importance of pain sensitivity in a clinical presentation may be: (1) the potential for pain sensitivity to modify the effect of common treatments utilised by musculoskeletal clinicians, or (2) the effect of pain sensitivity on the prognosis/course of a disorder. Screening tools and subjective features have been highlighted to indicate when physical assessment of pain sensitivity should be prioritised in the physical examination. A pragmatic blueprint for specific assessment related to pain sensitivity has been outlined. A framework for integrating assessment findings into clinical reasoning to formulate management plans for the pain sensitive patient is provided.
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Van Boekel RLM, Timmerman H, Bronkhorst EM, Ruscheweyh R, Vissers KCP, Steegers MAH. Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire in Dutch Healthy Volunteers. Pain Res Manag 2020; 2020:1050935. [PMID: 32774564 PMCID: PMC7397447 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1050935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An increased sensitivity to painful stimuli has been proposed to be related to the development of chronic pain. Therefore, assessment of individual pain sensitivity is useful in clinical practice. However, experimental pain testing may be uncomfortable for patients and requires specific equipment. The Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) has been developed to facilitate assessment of pain sensitivity. In this study, we aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the PSQ from its published German and English versions into the Dutch language and to assess validity of the PSQ in healthy volunteers. After translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the PSQ following international guidelines, we validated the PSQ in 394 healthy volunteers by comparing the PSQ-values with two different experimental pain tests: electrical pain tolerance (EPT) and pressure pain threshold (PPT). In addition, ratings of pain intensity during these tests were obtained on the numerical rating scale (NRS, 0-10). We found that the reliability of the PSQ based on internal consistency was good (Cronbach's alpha 0.90). PSQ-scores, adjusted for age and sex, were statistically significant and weakly inversely correlated to EPT (PSQ-moderate: rho = -0.24, p=0.007; PSQ-total: rho = -0.22, p=0.016). No statistically significant correlation between PSQ-scores and PPT was found. Concerning the pain scores, PSQ-scores were weakly to moderately correlated to EPT-NRS (PSQ-minor: rho = 0.21, p=0.021; PSQ-moderate: rho = 0.22, p=0.016; PSQ-total: rho = 0.23, p=0.009) as well as PPT-NRS (PSQ-minor: rho = 0.32, p < 0.001; PSQ-moderate: rho = 0.36, p < 0.001; PSQ-total: rho = 0.37, p < 0.001). Therefore, we concluded that the Dutch version of the PSQ is culturally appropriate for assessing self-reported pain sensitivity in healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina L. M. Van Boekel
- Department of Anesthesiology Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Hans Timmerman
- Department of Anesthesiology Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ewald M. Bronkhorst
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ruth Ruscheweyh
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kris C. P. Vissers
- Department of Anesthesiology Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Monique A. H. Steegers
- Department of Anesthesiology Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Wang M, Li Y, Li J, Fan L, Yu H. The risk of moderate‐to‐severe post‐operative pain following the placement of dental implants. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 46:836-844. [PMID: 31074878 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meijie Wang
- Department of Prosthetics, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University Sichuan China
| | - Yiyuan Li
- Department of Prosthetics, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University Sichuan China
| | - Junying Li
- Department of Prosthetics, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University Sichuan China
| | - Linli Fan
- Department of Prosthetics, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Sichuan China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Prosthetics, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University Sichuan China
- Department of Prosthetics, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Sichuan China
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Latka D, Miekisiak G, Kozlowska K, Olbrycht T, Chowaniec J, Latka K, Niedzwiecki M, Ruscheweyh R, Jarmuzek P. Translation, validation, and cross-cultural adaptation of the Polish version of the pain sensitivity questionnaire. J Pain Res 2019; 12:969-973. [PMID: 30936737 PMCID: PMC6421867 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s189427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to provide a translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Polish language version of the pain sensitivity questionnaire (PSQ). The process followed widely accepted guidelines. Methods The translated questionnaire underwent thorough psychometric testing. In total, the data of 144 subjects (mean age 52.53±13 years), who underwent evaluation for lower back pain, were included. Results The exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure, PSQ-moderate and PSQ-minor. The internal consistency was good (Cronbach’s α was 0.96). There was a fair and significant correlation between the results of the PSQ and the coping strategy questionnaire (CSQ; Spearman’s rho was 0.27). The test-retest reliability was favorable, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the CSQ total was 0.93 with a mean interval of 9.04 days between administrations. Conclusion Our results show that the Polish version of the PSQ is valid and can be recommended for Polish-speaking patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Latka
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, Opole, Poland, .,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Opole, Poland,
| | - Grzegorz Miekisiak
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, Opole, Poland, .,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Opole, Poland,
| | - Klaudia Kozlowska
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Olbrycht
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Opole, Poland,
| | - Jacek Chowaniec
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Opole, Poland,
| | - Kajetan Latka
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Opole, Poland,
| | | | - Ruth Ruscheweyh
- Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Paweł Jarmuzek
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Zielona Gora, Poland
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Preoperative Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Scores Assist in Predicting Early Postoperative Success in Lumbar Discectomy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2019; 44:325-333. [PMID: 30074972 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000002823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review of prospective data. OBJECTIVE Determine whether patient reported outcome (PRO) data collected prior to lumbar discectomy predicts achievement of a minimal important difference (MID) after surgery. Compare ability of PRO and clinical information to predict achievement of MID in short term follow-up after discectomy. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA We investigated the ability of patient reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) and clinical factors at the preoperative time point to determine patients achieving MID after surgery. METHODS PROMIS physical function (PF), pain interference (PI), and depression (D) scores were assessed at evaluation and follow-up for consecutive visits between February, 2015 and September, 2017. Patients with preoperative scores within 30 days prior to surgery and with scores 40 days or more after surgery who completed all PROMIS domains were included yielding 78 patients. MIDs were calculated using a distribution-based method. A multivariate logistic regression model was created, and the ability to predict achieving MID for each of the PROMIS domains was assessed. Cut-off values and prognostic probabilities were determined for this model and models combining preoperative PROMIS with clinical data. RESULTS Preoperative PROMIS scores modestly predict reaching MID after discectomy (areas under the curve [AUC] of 0.62, 0.68, and 0.76 for PF, PI, and D, respectively). Preoperative cut-off scores show patients who have PF and PI scores more than 2 standard deviations, and D more than 1.5 standard deviations worse-off than population mean are likely to achieve MID. The combination of PROMIS with clinical data was the most powerful predictor of reaching MID with AUCs of 0.87, 0.84, and 0.83 for PF, PI, and D. CONCLUSION PROMIS scores before discectomy modestly predict improvement after surgery. Preoperative PROMIS combined with clinical factors was more predictive of achieving MID than either clinical factors or PROMIS alone. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
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12
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Amir R, Leiba R, Eisenberg E. Anchoring the Numeric Pain Scale Changes Pain Intensity Reports in Patients With Chronic But Not With Acute Pain. Pain Pract 2018; 19:283-288. [PMID: 30328678 DOI: 10.1111/papr.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite enormous differences between acute and chronic pain, the numeric pain scale (NRS) is commonly used in pain research and clinical practice for assessing the intensity of both acute and chronic pain. The use of this scale has been challenged as it may fail to accurately reflect the pure intensity of chronic pain. AIM To compare the effect of anchoring the NRS on the intensity of pain reported by patients with acute vs. chronic pain. METHODS Patients with acute postoperative or chronic pain (n = 100/group) were requested to rate their: current clinical pain intensity on an NRS from 0 to 100; the intensity of an anchoring pain event on the same scale; and subsequently to rate again their current pain intensity while making reference to the reported intensity of the pain event. The magnitude of correction was compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS The anchoring pain was rated identically between the groups. However, following anchoring, patients with chronic pain made a significantly larger correction of their pain intensity than did those with acute pain (mean ± standard deviation = 9 ± 9, median [interquartile range] = 10 [0 to 10] vs. 3 ± 7, 0 [0 to 5], respectively; P < 0.0001). More patients in the chronic pain group corrected their pain intensity. Logistic regression showed that chronic pain and female gender significantly increased the likelihood of making the correction (chronic pain: odds ratio 7.2, 95% confidence interval 3.5 to 15.1, P < 0.0001; female gender: odds ratio 2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 5.5, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The results suggest that anchoring the NRS can potentially improve the accuracy of reported chronic pain intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renana Amir
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ronit Leiba
- Department of Statistics, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elon Eisenberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Pain Relief Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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13
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Bjørnnes AK, Lie I, Parry M, Falk R, Leegaard M, Rustøen T, Valeberg BT. Association between self-perceived pain sensitivity and pain intensity after cardiac surgery. J Pain Res 2018; 11:1425-1432. [PMID: 30122973 PMCID: PMC6078187 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s167524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Cardiac surgical pain remains a clinical challenge affecting about 40% of individuals in the first six months post-cardiac surgery, and continues up to two years after surgery for about 15–20%. Self-perceived sensitivity to pain may help to identify individuals at risk for persistent cardiac surgical pain to optimize health care responses. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between self-perceived pain sensitivity assessed by the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) and postoperative worst pain intensity up to 12 months after cardiac surgery. Sex differences in baseline characteristics and the PSQ scores were also assessed. Methods This study was performed among 416 individuals (23% women) scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft and/or valve surgery between March 2012 and September 2013. A secondary data-analysis was utilized to explore the relationship between preoperative PSQ scores and worst pain intensity rated preoperatively, across postoperative Days 1–4, at 2 weeks, and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-surgery. Linear mixed model analyses were performed to estimate changes in pain intensity during 1-year follow-up. Results The mean (±standard deviation) PSQ-total score was 3.3±1.4, with similar scores in men and women. The PSQ-total score was significantly associated with higher worst pain intensity ratings adjusted for participant characteristics (p=0.001). Conclusion Use of the PSQ before surgery may predict cardiac surgical pain intensity. However, previous evidence is limited and not consistent, and more research is needed to substantiate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Kristin Bjørnnes
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, .,Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,
| | - Irene Lie
- Center for Patient Centered Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Monica Parry
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,
| | - Ragnhild Falk
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Leegaard
- OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tone Rustøen
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, .,Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Berit Taraldsen Valeberg
- OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Meiselles D, Aviram J, Suzan E, Pud D, Eisenberg E. Does self-perception of sensitivity to pain correlate with actual sensitivity to experimental pain? J Pain Res 2017; 10:2657-2663. [PMID: 29180892 PMCID: PMC5691952 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s149663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background People often state that they are “sensitive” or “insensitive” to pain. However, the accuracy and clinical relevance of such statements is unclear. Objective The aim of this study was to search for associations between self-perception of sensitivity to pain and experimental pain measures, including known psychophysical inhibitory or excitatory pain paradigms. Subjects and methods Subjective sensitivity to pain was reported by 75 healthy participants and included three self-perceived variables: pain threshold, pain sensitivity and pain intensity in response to a hypothetical painful event (hypothetical pain intensity [HPI]). Experimental pain measures consisted of thermal pain threshold (°C), suprathreshold thermal pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale, 0–100) and the psychophysical paradigms of conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and temporal summation (TS), representing inhibitory and excitatory pain processes, respectively. Results No significant correlations were found between self-perceived pain threshold or pain sensitivity and any of the experimental pain measures. In contrast, the reported HPI correlated with thermal pain threshold (r = −0.282; p = 0.014), suprathreshold thermal pain intensity (r = 0.367; p = 0.001) and CPM (r = 0.233; p = 0.044), but not with TS. Conclusion Self-perception of pain sensitivity articulated by intangible expressions such as pain threshold or pain sensitivity is unrelated to actual sensitivity to experimental pain. In contrast, when measured by intensity of a hypothetical painful event (HPI), sensitivity to pain is associated with some, but not all, experimental pain reports. Further studies are needed for better understanding of these associations and their potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doron Meiselles
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
| | - Joshua Aviram
- Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa
| | - Erica Suzan
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
| | - Dorit Pud
- Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa
| | - Elon Eisenberg
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology.,Institute of Pain Medicine, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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15
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Quan X, Fong DYT, Leung AYM, Liao Q, Ruscheweyh R, Chau PH. Validation of the Mandarin Chinese Version of the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire. Pain Pract 2017; 18:180-193. [PMID: 28422444 DOI: 10.1111/papr.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ), a self-reported scale, has been used to assess the pain sensitivity level in a Caucasian population. However, a validated Mandarin Chinese version of the PSQ is not available. This study was aimed to translate the PSQ into Mandarin Chinese (PSQ-C) and validate it to measure pain sensitivity among Chinese people. METHODS The English version of the PSQ has been translated into Mandarin Chinese (PSQ-C), according to the standard steps of cross-cultural adaptation of self-reported scales. Three of the 17 items were revised owing to cultural adaptation. The final version was validated on a population of 182 Chinese people in Changsha City, China, during October to December 2015. The participants underwent electrical experimental pain testing. The psychometric properties of the PSQ-C and its subscales were examined. RESULTS The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the PSQ-C-total, PSQ-C-moderate, and PSQ-C-minor were 0.90, 0.86, and 0.81, respectively. Acceptable test-retest reliability, content validity, and construct validity were demonstrated. Concurrent validity was shown via significant positive correlations between PSQ-C scores and perceived pain intensity at pain threshold and during pain stimulation with a fixed intensity. Convergent validity was shown via significant positive correlations between Pain Catastrophizing Scale scores and PSQ-C scores. Known group validity was demonstrated via higher PSQ-C-total and PSQ-C-moderate scores among those with high neuroticism scores. These results indicate that the PSQ-C has reasonably good psychometric properties, similar to the original English and German versions. CONCLUSION The PSQ-C is a reliable and useful tool to assess pain sensitivity levels in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Quan
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,The First People's Hospital of Huaihua and University of South China, Huaihua City, China
| | - Daniel Yee Tak Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Qin Liao
- The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruth Ruscheweyh
- Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pui Hing Chau
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Tschugg A, Löscher WN, Lener S, Wildauer M, Hartmann S, Neururer S, Thomé C. Gender differences after lumbar sequestrectomy: a prospective clinical trial using quantitative sensory testing. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2016; 26:857-864. [PMID: 28004244 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-016-4891-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative sensory testing (QST) gained popularity to evaluate the time course of recovery in sensory dysfunction and the results of different treatment options. Concerning sex differences in lumbar spine surgery, female gender seems to play a major role as a negative prognostic factor in different spinal disorders. For this purpose, we hypothesised that there are also comparable differences in pain patterns in men and women after lumbar sequestrectomy using QST. METHODS We applied the QST protocol of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain in 53 patients (21 women and 32 men) with a single lumbar disc herniation confirmed on MRI treated by a lumbar sequestrectomy. Further evaluation included a detailed medical history, a physical examination, and various questionnaires: Beck-Depression-Inventory, Oswestry Disability Index, Core Outcome Measure Index, painDETECT-Questionnaire and EQ-5D thermometer. RESULTS Our analyses showed lower heat thresholds in females preoperatively, that adjusted to that of males 1 week postoperatively. Pressure pain thresholds were lower in women as well, but differed between genders throughout the study. Vibration perception deficits resolve earlier in female than in male patients. Both, women and men, had an excellent overall improvement, postoperatively. CONCLUSION Our results clearly revealed pre- and postoperative differences in pain perception between genders. These differences have to be taken into account in the evaluation of outcome between genders. Therefore, QST seems to be a good method to evaluate the time course of recovery after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Tschugg
- Departmen of Neurosurgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang N Löscher
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sara Lener
- Departmen of Neurosurgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Wildauer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Hartmann
- Departmen of Neurosurgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabrina Neururer
- Department of Medical Statistics and Health Economics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudius Thomé
- Departmen of Neurosurgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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