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Khilji SK, Op 't Hoog C, Warschkau D, Lühle J, Goerdeler F, Freitag A, Seeberger PH, Moscovitz O. Smaller size packs a stronger punch - Recent advances in small antibody fragments targeting tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens. Theranostics 2023; 13:3041-3063. [PMID: 37284439 PMCID: PMC10240822 DOI: 10.7150/thno.80901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Attached to proteins, lipids, or forming long, complex chains, glycans represent the most versatile post-translational modification in nature and surround all human cells. Unique glycan structures are monitored by the immune system and differentiate self from non-self and healthy from malignant cells. Aberrant glycosylations, termed tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), are a hallmark of cancer and are correlated with all aspects of cancer biology. Therefore, TACAs represent attractive targets for monoclonal antibodies for cancer diagnosis and therapy. However, due to the thick and dense glycocalyx as well as the tumour micro-environment, conventional antibodies often suffer from restricted access and limited effectiveness in vivo. To overcome this issue, many small antibody fragments have come forth, showing similar affinity with better efficiency than their full-length counterparts. Here we review small antibody fragments against specific glycans on tumour cells and highlight their advantages over conventional antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Khan Khilji
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Op 't Hoog
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - David Warschkau
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jost Lühle
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Goerdeler
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anika Freitag
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oren Moscovitz
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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2
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Yang Y, Nian S, Li L, Wen X, Liu Q, Zhang B, Lan Y, Yuan Q, Ye Y. Fully human recombinant antibodies against EphA2 from a multi-tumor patient immune library suitable for tumor-targeted therapy. Bioengineered 2021; 12:10379-10400. [PMID: 34709992 PMCID: PMC8810047 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1996807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced EphA2 expression is observed in a variety of epithelial-derived malignancies and is an important target for anti-tumor therapy. Currently, Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies against immune checkpoints have shown good efficacy for tumor treatment. In this study, we constructed an immune single-chain fragment variable (scFv) library using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 200 patients with a variety of malignant tumors. High affinity scFvs against EphA2 can be easily screened from the immune library using phage display technology. Anti-EphA2 scFvs can be modified into any form of recombinant antibody, including scFv-Fc and full-length IgG1 antibodies, and the recombinant antibody affinity was improved following modification. Among the modified anti-EphA2 antibodies the affinity of 77-IgG1 was significantly increased, reaching a pmol affinity level (10−12). We further demonstrated the binding activity of recombinant antibodies to the EphA2 protein, tumor cells, and tumor tissues using macromolecular interaction techniques, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Most importantly, both the constructed scFvs-Fc, as well as the IgG1 antibodies against EphA2 were able to inhibit the growth of tumor cells to some extent. These results suggest that the immune libraries from patients with malignant tumors are more likely to screen for antibodies with high affinity and therapeutic effect. The constructed fully human scFv immune library has broad application prospects for specific antibody screening. The screened scFv-Fc and IgG1 antibodies against EphA2 can be used for the further study of tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Yang
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic medical science, Southwest medical university, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Siji Nian
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic medical science, Southwest medical university, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Lin Li
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic medical science, Southwest medical university, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Xue Wen
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic medical science, Southwest medical university, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Qin Liu
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic medical science, Southwest medical university, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic medical science, Southwest medical university, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic medical science, Southwest medical university, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic medical science, Southwest medical university, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Yingchun Ye
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic medical science, Southwest medical university, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
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3
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Huovinen T, Lindenburg L, Minter R, Hollfelder F. Multiplexed Affinity Characterization of Protein Binders Directly from a Crude Cell Lysate by Covalent Capture on Suspension Bead Arrays. Anal Chem 2021; 93:2166-2173. [PMID: 33397084 PMCID: PMC7861142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
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The precise determination of affinity and specificity is a crucial step in the
development of new protein reagents for therapy and diagnostics. Paradoxically, the
selection of protein binders, e.g., antibody fragments, from large combinatorial
repertoires is a rapid process compared to the subsequent characterization of selected
clones. Here we demonstrate the use of suspension bead arrays (SBA) in combination with
flow cytometry to facilitate the post-selection analysis of binder affinities. The array
is designed to capture the proteins of interest (POIs) covalently on the surface of
superparamagnetic color-coded microbeads directly from expression cell lysate, based on
SpyTag-SpyCatcher coupling by isopeptide bond formation. This concept was validated by
analyzing the affinities of a typical phage display output, i.e., clones consisting of
single-chain variable fragment antibodies (scFvs), as SpyCatcher fusions in 12- and
24-plex SBA formats using a standard three-laser flow cytometer. We demonstrate that the
equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) obtained from
multiplexed SBA assays correlate well with experiments performed on a larger scale,
while the antigen consumption was reduced >100-fold compared to the conventional
96-well plate format. Protein screening and characterization by SBAs is a rapid and
reagent-saving analytical format for combinatorial protein engineering to address
specificity maturation and cross-reactivity profiling of antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas Huovinen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, CB2 1GA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Laurens Lindenburg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, CB2 1GA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Ralph Minter
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Florian Hollfelder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, CB2 1GA Cambridge, U.K
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4
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Maio M, Coukos G, Ferrone S, Fox BA, Fridman WH, Garcia PL, Lahn M, Provendier O, Russo V, Rüttinger D, Shalabi A, Trajanoski Z, Viallet J, Wolchok JD, Ibrahim R. Addressing current challenges and future directions in immuno-oncology: expert perspectives from the 2017 NIBIT Foundation Think Tank, Siena, Italy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:1-9. [PMID: 30564889 PMCID: PMC11028087 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A collaborative think tank involving panellists from immuno-oncology networks, clinical/translational investigators and the pharmaceutical industry was held in Siena, Italy, in October 2017 to discuss the evolving immune-oncology landscape, identify selected key challenges, and provide a perspective on the next steps required in the translation of current research and knowledge to clinical reality. While there is a trend of combining new agents (e.g., co-stimulator agonists) with a PD-1/PD-L1 treatment backbone, use of alternative combination therapy approaches should also be considered. While the rapid evolution in systems biology provides a deeper understanding of tumor and tumor microenvironment heterogeneity, there remains the need to identify and define genuinely predictive biomarkers to guide treatment and patient selection. Cross-specialty and cross-sector collaboration, along with a broader collective data-sharing approach are key to optimizing immuno-oncology therapy in clinical practice. Continued support of younger research-clinicians is essential for future success in clinical, translational and basic science investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Maio
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, Istituto Toscano Tumori, University Hospital of Siena, V.le Bracci, 16, 53100, Siena, Italy.
- Italian Network for Tumor Bio-Immunotherapy Foundation, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Istituto Toscano Tumori, University Hospital of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - George Coukos
- Lausanne Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Bernard A Fox
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute at the Robert W. Franz Cancer Center, Providence Cancer Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, 4805 NE Glisan, Portland, OR, 97213, USA
| | - Wolf H Fridman
- Cancer, Immune Control and Escape Team, Cordeliers Research Center, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
| | - Patrick L Garcia
- Merck, ZI de l'Ouriettaz, 1170, Aubonne, Switzerland
- An Affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Olivier Provendier
- Laboratoires Pierre Fabre, 45 Place Abel Gance, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Vincenzo Russo
- Italian Network for Tumor Bio-Immunotherapy Foundation, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Istituto Toscano Tumori, University Hospital of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Unit of Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors, Division of Experimental Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, Milan, Italy
| | - Dominik Rüttinger
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Nonnenwald 2, 82377, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Aiman Shalabi
- Cancer Research Institute, 29 Broadway, New York, NY, 10006-3111, USA
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Biocenter, Division of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Jedd D Wolchok
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical and Graduate Schools, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ramy Ibrahim
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, 1 Letterman Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94129, USA
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5
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Wendel U, Persson N, Risinger C, Bengtsson E, Nodin B, Danielsson L, Welinder C, Nordin Fredrikson G, Jansson B, Blixt O. A novel monoclonal antibody targeting carboxymethyllysine, an advanced glycation end product in atherosclerosis and pancreatic cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191872. [PMID: 29420566 PMCID: PMC5805250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products are formed by non-enzymatic reactions between proteins and carbohydrates, causing irreversible lysine and arginine alterations that severely affect protein structure and function. The resulting modifications induce inflammation by binding to scavenger receptors. An increase in advanced glycation end products is observed in a number of diseases e.g. atherosclerosis and cancer. Since advanced glycation end products also are present in healthy individuals, their detection and quantification are of great importance for usage as potential biomarkers. Current methods for advanced glycation end product detection are though limited and solely measure total glycation. This study describes a new epitope-mapped single chain variable fragment, D1-B2, against carboxymethyllysine, produced from a phage library that was constructed from mouse immunizations. The phage library was selected against advanced glycation end product targets using a phage display platform. Characterization of its binding pattern was performed using large synthetic glycated peptide and protein libraries displayed on microarray slides. D1-B2 showed a preference for an aspartic acid, three positions N-terminally from a carboxymethyllysine residue and also bound to a broad collection of glycated proteins. Positive immunohistochemical staining of mouse atherosclerotic plaques and of a tissue microarray of human pancreatic tumors confirmed the usability of the new scFv for advanced glycation end product detection in tissues. This study demonstrates a promising methodology for high-throughput generation of epitope-mapped monoclonal antibodies against AGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Wendel
- Chemical Glyco-Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nina Persson
- Chemical Glyco-Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Risinger
- Chemical Glyco-Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Bengtsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Scania University Hospital, Malmö Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Björn Nodin
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lena Danielsson
- Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Welinder
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Centre of Excellence in Biological and Medical Mass Spectrometry “CEBMMS”, Biomedical Centre D13, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Nordin Fredrikson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Scania University Hospital, Malmö Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bo Jansson
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ola Blixt
- Chemical Glyco-Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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6
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Naito S, Takahashi T, Onoda J, Uemura S, Ohyabu N, Takemoto H, Yamane S, Fujii I, Nishimura SI, Numata Y. Generation of Novel Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibodies with Designed Carbohydrate Specificities Using MUC1 Glycopeptide Library. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:7493-7505. [PMID: 30023556 PMCID: PMC6044872 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous anti-mucin 1 (anti-MUC1) antibodies that recognize O-glycan core structures have already been developed. However, most of them show low specificities toward O-glycan structures and/or low affinity toward a monovalent epitope. In this study, using an MUC1 glycopeptide library, we established two novel anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibodies (1B2 and 12D10) with designed carbohydrate specificities. Compared with previously reported anti-MUC1 antibodies, 1B2 and 12D10 showed quite different features regarding their specificities, affinities, and reactivity profiles to various cell lines. Both antibodies recognized specific O-glycan structures at the PDT*R motif (the asterisk represents an O-glycosylation site). 1B2 recognized O-glycans with an unsubstituted O-6 position of the GalNAc residue (Tn, T, and 23ST), whereas 12D10 recognized Neu5Ac at the same position (STn, 26ST, and dST). Neither of them bound to glycopeptides with core 2 O-glycans that have GlcNAc at the O-6 position of the GalNAc residue. Furthermore, 1B2 and 12D10 showed a strong binding to not only native MUC1 but also 20-mer glycopeptide with a monovalent epitope. These anti-MUC1 antibodies should thus become powerful tools for biological studies on MUC1 O-glycan structures. Furthermore, the strategy of using glycopeptide libraries should enable the development of novel antibodies with predesigned O-glycan specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Naito
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Takahashi
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Junji Onoda
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Shoko Uemura
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Naoki Ohyabu
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takemoto
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Shoji Yamane
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Ikuo Fujii
- School
of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho,
Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Faculty
of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yoshito Numata
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
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7
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Persson N, Stuhr-Hansen N, Risinger C, Mereiter S, Polónia A, Polom K, Kovács A, Roviello F, Reis CA, Welinder C, Danielsson L, Jansson B, Blixt O. Epitope mapping of a new anti-Tn antibody detecting gastric cancer cells. Glycobiology 2017; 27:635-645. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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