1
|
Qiu C, Xie S, Sun Y, Yu Y, Zhang K, Wang X, Zhu J, Grimm R, Shen W. Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging of liver regeneration in a standardized partial hepatectomy rat model. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:430. [PMID: 36210451 PMCID: PMC9549623 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
We aimed to evaluate the correlation between the pathological changes and multi-parameter MRI characteristics of liver regeneration (LR) in a standard partial hepatectomy (PH) rat model.
Methods
Seventy Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: MR scan group (n = 14) and pathologic analysis (PA) group (n = 56). All 14 rats in the MR group underwent liver T1 mapping, T2 mapping, and diffusion kurtosis imaging before and the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th, and 21st day after 70% hepatectomy. Seven rats in the PA group were euthanized at each time point to determine Ki-67 indices, hepatocyte size (HTS), steatosis grade, and inflammation score.
Results
Liver T1 and T2 values increased to maximum on day 2 (P < 0.001 vs. baseline), D and K values decreased to minimum on day 3 and 2, respectively (P < 0.001 vs. baseline), then all parameters returned to baseline gradually. Hepatocyte Ki-67, hepatocyte size, steatosis grade, and inflammation score initially increased after surgery (P < 0.05 vs. baseline), followed by a gradual decline over time. Both T2 and K values correlated well with Ki-67 indices (r = 0.765 and − 0.807, respectively; both P < 0.001), inflammation (r = 0.809 and − 0.724, respectively; both P < 0.001), steatosis grade (r = 0.814 and − 0.725, respectively; both P < 0.001), and HTS (r = 0.830 and − 0.615, respectively; both P < 0.001).
Conclusions
PH induced liver changes that can be observed on MRI. The MRI parameters correlate with the LR activity and allow monitoring of LR process.
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie S, Qiu C, Sun Y, Yu Y, Hu Z, Zhang K, Chen L, Cheng Y, Bao M, Zhang Q, Zhu J, Grimm R, Shen W. Assessment of Fibrotic Liver Regeneration After Partial Hepatectomy With Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging: An Experimental Study in a Rat Model With Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver Injury. Front Physiol 2022; 13:822763. [PMID: 35250624 PMCID: PMC8894856 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.822763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine whether intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters correlate with liver regeneration and function recovery after partial hepatectomy (PH) in rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis. Methods Sixty-two adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the control group and the fibrosis group with CCl4 injection for 8 weeks. At the end of the 8th week, all rats received left lateral lobe liver resection. Within each group, IVIM imaging (n = 10/group) and histologic and biochemical analyses (n = 3/group/time point) were performed pre- and post-PH (on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 21). Differences in liver IVIM parameters and correlation between IVIM parameters and Ki-67 indices, hepatocyte diameter, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TBil) values were analyzed. Results Post-PH, liver true diffusion coefficient (D) values decreased and pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*) and perfusion fraction (PF) values increased, then recovered to pre-PH levels gradually in both fibrosis and control rats. PF in fibrosis group were significantly higher than in controls from 3 to 21 days (P < 0.05). In fibrosis rats, both Ki-67 indices and hepatocyte diameters increased, and a strong correlation was found between PF and Ki-67 indices (r = −0.756; P = 0.03), D* and PF values and ALT, AST, and TBil values (r = −0.762 to −0.905; P < 0.05). In control rats, only hepatocyte diameters increased, and all IVIM parameters correlated well with hepatocyte diameters, ALT, AST and TBil values (r = 0.810 to −1.000; P < 0.05). Conclusion The regeneration pattern in fibrotic liver tissue was different compared with control livers. IVIM parameters can monitor liver regeneration and functional recovery non-invasively after PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Xie
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Caixin Qiu
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajie Sun
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongquan Yu
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhandong Hu
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingzhu Bao
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Quansheng Zhang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinxia Zhu
- Siemens Healthcare (China), Beijing, China
| | | | - Wen Shen
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Shen,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Waterton JC. Survey of water proton longitudinal relaxation in liver in vivo. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 34:779-789. [PMID: 33978944 PMCID: PMC8578172 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-021-00928-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine the variability, and preferred values, for normal liver longitudinal water proton relaxation rate R1 in the published literature. Methods Values of mean R1 and between-subject variance were obtained from literature searching. Weighted means were fitted to a heuristic and to a model. Results After exclusions, 116 publications (143 studies) remained, representing apparently normal liver in 3392 humans, 99 mice and 249 rats. Seventeen field strengths were included between 0.04 T and 9.4 T. Older studies tended to report higher between-subject coefficients of variation (CoV), but for studies published since 1992, the median between-subject CoV was 7.4%, and in half of those studies, measured R1 deviated from model by 8.0% or less. Discussion The within-study between-subject CoV incorporates repeatability error and true between-subject variation. Between-study variation also incorporates between-population variation, together with bias from interactions between methodology and physiology. While quantitative relaxometry ultimately requires validation with phantoms and analysis of propagation of errors, this survey allows investigators to compare their own R1 and variability values with the range of existing literature. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10334-021-00928-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Charles Waterton
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Division of Informatics Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. .,Bioxydyn Ltd, Rutherford House, Manchester Science Park, Pencroft Way, Manchester, M15 6SZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Afarideh M, Jiang K, Ferguson CM, Woollard JR, Glockner JF, Lerman LO. Magnetization Transfer Imaging Predicts Porcine Kidney Recovery After Revascularization of Renal Artery Stenosis. Invest Radiol 2021; 56:86-93. [PMID: 33405430 PMCID: PMC7793546 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
MATERIALS AND METHODS Stenotic kidney (STK) and contralateral kidney magnetization transfer ratios (MTRs; Mt/M0) were measured at 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging, at offset frequencies of 600 and 1000 Hz, before and 1 month post-PTRA in 7 RVD pigs. Stenotic kidney MTR was correlated to renal perfusion, renal blood flow (RBF), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), determined using multidetector computed tomography and with ex vivo renal fibrosis (trichrome staining). Untreated RVD (n = 6) and normal pigs (n = 7) served as controls. RESULTS Renovascular disease induced hypertension and renal dysfunction. Blood pressure and renal perfusion were unchanged post-PTRA, but GFR and RBF increased. Baseline cortical STK-MTR predicted post-PTRA renal perfusion and RBF, and MTR changes associated inversely with changes in perfusion and normalized GFR. Stenotic kidney MTR at 600 Hz showed closer association with renal parameters, but both frequencies predicted post-PTRA cortical fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Renal STK-MTR, particularly at 600 Hz offset, is sensitive to hemodynamic changes after PTRA in swine RVD and capable of noninvasively predicting post-PTRA kidney perfusion, RBF, and fibrosis. Therefore, STK-MTR may be a valuable tool to predict renal hemodynamic and functional recovery, as well as residual kidney fibrosis after revascularization in RVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai Jiang
- From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moniaux N, Lacaze L, Gothland A, Deshayes A, Samuel D, Faivre J. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 function as critical regulators of liver regeneration following 90% hepatectomy in the rat. World J Hepatol 2020; 12:1198-1210. [PMID: 33442448 PMCID: PMC7772727 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i12.1198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver reduction is the main curative treatment for primary liver cancer, but its use remains limited as liver regeneration requires a minimum of 30% functional parenchyma.
AIM To study the dynamics of the liver regeneration process and consequent behavior of cell cycle regulators in rats after extended hepatectomy (90%) and postoperative glucose infusions.
METHODS Post-hepatectomy liver failure was triggered in 84 Wistar rats by reducing their liver mass by 90%. The animals received a post-operative glucose infusion and were randomly assigned to two groups: One to investigate the survival rate and the other for biochemical analyses. Animals that underwent laparotomy or 70% hepatectomy were used as controls. Blood and liver samples were collected on postoperative days 1 to 7. Liver morphology, function, and regeneration were studied with histology, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting.
RESULTS Postoperative mortality after major resection reached 20% and 55% in the first 24 h and 48 h, respectively, with an overall total of 70% 7 d after surgery. No apparent signs of apoptotic cell death were detected in the extended hepatectomy rat livers, but hepatocytes displaying a clear cytoplasm and an accumulation of hyaline material testified to changes affecting their functional activities. Liver regeneration started properly, as early events initiating cell proliferation occurred within the first 3 h, and the G1 to S transition was detected in less than 12 h. However, a rise in p27 (Kip1) followed by p21 (Waf1/Cip1) cell cycle inhibitor levels led to a delayed S phase progression and mitosis. Overall, liver regeneration in rats with a 90% hepatectomy was delayed by 24 h and associated with a delayed onset and lower peak magnitude of hepatocellular deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis.
CONCLUSION This work highlights the critical importance of the cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors of the Cip/Kip family in regulating the liver regeneration timeline following extended hepatectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Moniaux
- INSERM, U1193, Paul-Brousse University Hospital, Hepatobiliary Centre, Villejuif 94800, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Le Kremlin, Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Laurence Lacaze
- INSERM, U1193, Paul-Brousse University Hospital, Hepatobiliary Centre, Villejuif 94800, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Le Kremlin, Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Adélie Gothland
- INSERM, U1193, Paul-Brousse University Hospital, Hepatobiliary Centre, Villejuif 94800, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Le Kremlin, Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Alice Deshayes
- INSERM, U1193, Paul-Brousse University Hospital, Hepatobiliary Centre, Villejuif 94800, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Le Kremlin, Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Didier Samuel
- INSERM, U1193, Paul-Brousse University Hospital, Hepatobiliary Centre, Villejuif 94800, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Le Kremlin, Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Jamila Faivre
- INSERM, U1193, Paul-Brousse University Hospital, Hepatobiliary Centre, Villejuif 94800, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine Le Kremlin, Bicêtre 94270, France
- Department of Pôle de Biologie Médicale, Laboratoire d’Onco-Hématologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paul-Brousse University Hospital, Villejuif 94800, France
| |
Collapse
|